To evaluate the safety of the bulb tubular turbine,the dynamic hydraulic characteristics of a hydropower station system during the load rejection process are studied through numerical simulations and a prototype test....To evaluate the safety of the bulb tubular turbine,the dynamic hydraulic characteristics of a hydropower station system during the load rejection process are studied through numerical simulations and a prototype test.In the developed model,a dynamic grid technology(DGT)controls the closure of the guide vane and the blade,whilst the moment balance equation and the user-defined function(UDF)provide the runner’s rotation speed.The 3-D transient simulation method can well predict the rotation speed and mass flow curves in the state of load rejection.The simulation outcomes of the system performance are basically consistent with the measurement data of the prototype.As observed,the runner is subjected to the reversely increased torque and axial force,the system is in a braking phase,and the maximum speed peaks at 144.6%of the rated speed.Moreover,the internal flow of the runner is greatly affected by the closure of the guide vane,and the draft tube forms an eccentric spiral vortex rope.It breaks downstream,aggravating the instability of the draft tube.Overall,the transient characteristics span for the first five seconds,demonstrating the importance of establishing an efficient governing controller.The obtained results are useful for designing the turbine’s flow channel with a double regulating function and comprehending the turbine’s transient characteristics.展开更多
超低水头贯流式机组无论在电站增容改造方面,还是在超低水头开发方面,都具有巨大潜力。然而,水流中裹挟的泥沙会对机组运行产生不利影响,在汛期尤为严重,研究泥沙磨损问题对于机组的稳定运行具有重要意义。基于CFX平台,使用k-ε湍流模型...超低水头贯流式机组无论在电站增容改造方面,还是在超低水头开发方面,都具有巨大潜力。然而,水流中裹挟的泥沙会对机组运行产生不利影响,在汛期尤为严重,研究泥沙磨损问题对于机组的稳定运行具有重要意义。基于CFX平台,使用k-ε湍流模型,拉格朗日颗粒跟踪模型和Tabakoff and Grant磨损模型对2.1m超低水头下的两叶片灯泡贯流式水轮机进行了固液两相流数值模拟计算。通过实验验证数模计算的可靠性,对比单相及两相流工况下的涡流特性,探究不同泥沙浓度(Cv=1%~10%)、颗粒直径(D=0.1~1mm)对过流部件磨损位置、侵蚀率以及流动特性的影响。结论如下:在清水中加入泥沙颗粒后,泥沙颗粒对旋涡有增强作用;导叶凹面,叶片正面进水侧头部、叶片出水边、叶片轮缘,以及转轮室都是比较容易遭受磨损的部位;随着泥沙颗粒浓度、直径的增加,导叶、叶片及转轮室的磨损面积、磨损程度以及最大磨损率都呈上升趋势;相较于导叶,叶片和转轮室的磨损程度更为严重,在汛期运行时要更加注重磨损防护。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52271275).
文摘To evaluate the safety of the bulb tubular turbine,the dynamic hydraulic characteristics of a hydropower station system during the load rejection process are studied through numerical simulations and a prototype test.In the developed model,a dynamic grid technology(DGT)controls the closure of the guide vane and the blade,whilst the moment balance equation and the user-defined function(UDF)provide the runner’s rotation speed.The 3-D transient simulation method can well predict the rotation speed and mass flow curves in the state of load rejection.The simulation outcomes of the system performance are basically consistent with the measurement data of the prototype.As observed,the runner is subjected to the reversely increased torque and axial force,the system is in a braking phase,and the maximum speed peaks at 144.6%of the rated speed.Moreover,the internal flow of the runner is greatly affected by the closure of the guide vane,and the draft tube forms an eccentric spiral vortex rope.It breaks downstream,aggravating the instability of the draft tube.Overall,the transient characteristics span for the first five seconds,demonstrating the importance of establishing an efficient governing controller.The obtained results are useful for designing the turbine’s flow channel with a double regulating function and comprehending the turbine’s transient characteristics.
文摘超低水头贯流式机组无论在电站增容改造方面,还是在超低水头开发方面,都具有巨大潜力。然而,水流中裹挟的泥沙会对机组运行产生不利影响,在汛期尤为严重,研究泥沙磨损问题对于机组的稳定运行具有重要意义。基于CFX平台,使用k-ε湍流模型,拉格朗日颗粒跟踪模型和Tabakoff and Grant磨损模型对2.1m超低水头下的两叶片灯泡贯流式水轮机进行了固液两相流数值模拟计算。通过实验验证数模计算的可靠性,对比单相及两相流工况下的涡流特性,探究不同泥沙浓度(Cv=1%~10%)、颗粒直径(D=0.1~1mm)对过流部件磨损位置、侵蚀率以及流动特性的影响。结论如下:在清水中加入泥沙颗粒后,泥沙颗粒对旋涡有增强作用;导叶凹面,叶片正面进水侧头部、叶片出水边、叶片轮缘,以及转轮室都是比较容易遭受磨损的部位;随着泥沙颗粒浓度、直径的增加,导叶、叶片及转轮室的磨损面积、磨损程度以及最大磨损率都呈上升趋势;相较于导叶,叶片和转轮室的磨损程度更为严重,在汛期运行时要更加注重磨损防护。
