Decoupling coefficients of dilatational wave for Biot's dynamic equation and its Green's functions in frequency domain

Green＇s functions for Blot＇s dynamic equation in the frequency domain can be a highly useful tool for the investigation of dynamic responses of a saturated porous medium. Its applications are found in soil dynamics, seismology, earthquake engineering, rock mechanics, geophysics, and acoustics. However, the mathematical work for deriving it can be daunting. Green＇s functions have been presented utilizing an analogy between the dynamic thermoelasticity and the dynamic poroelasticity in the frequency domain using the u-p formulation. In this work, a special term ＂decoupling coefficient＂ for the decomposition of the fast and slow dilatational waves is proposed and expressed to present a new methodology for deriving the poroelastodynamic Green＇s functions. The correct- ness of the solution is demonstrated by numerically comparing the current solution with Cheng＇s previous solution. The separation of the two waves in the present methodology allows the more accurate evaluation of Green＇s functions, particularly the solution of the slow dilatational wave. This can be advantageous for the numerical implementation of the boundary element method （BEM） and other applications.

Lamb waves topological imaging combining with Green’s function retrieval theory to detect near filed defects in isotropic plates

A method of combining Green’s function retrieval theory and ultrasonic array imaging using Lamb waves is presented to solve near filed defects in thin aluminum plates.The defects are close to the ultrasonic phased array and satisfy the near field calculation formula.Near field acoustic information of defects is obscured by the nonlinear effects of initial wave signal in a directly acquired response using the full matrix capture mode.A reconstructed full matrix of inter-element responses is produced from cross-correlation of directly received ultrasonic signals between sensor pairs.This new matrix eliminates the nonlinear interference and restores the near-field defect information.The topological imaging method that was developed in recent ultrasonic inspection is used for displaying the scatterers.The experiments are conducted on both thin aluminum plates containing two and four defects, respectively.The results show that these defects are clearly identified when using a reconstructed full matrix.The spatial resolution is equal to about one wavelength of the selectively excited mode and the identifiable defect is about one fifth of the wavelength.However, in a conventional directly captured image,the images of defects overlap together and cannot be distinguished.The proposed method reduces the background noise and allows for effective topological imaging of near field defects.

A new approach of solving Green's function for wave propagation in an inhomogeneous absorbing medium

A new approach is developed to solve the Green＇s function that satisfies the Hehmholtz equation with complex refractive index. Especially, the Green＇s function for the Helmholtz equation can be expressed in terms of a onedimensional integral, which can convert a Helmholtz equation into a Schrodinger equation with complex potential. And the Schrodinger equation can be solved by Feynman path integral. The result is in excellent agreement with the previous work.

瞬变电磁虚拟波场层状Green函数Born近似成像方法

瞬变电磁虚拟波场Born近似成像是通过Born近似对瞬变电磁虚拟波场方程进行线性化处理,求取速度扰动量实现成像的方法.Born近似采用半空间Green函数,在背景速度变化较大时成像分辨率较低.因此,本文从虚拟波场出发,建立辐射场与散射场满足的Helmholtz方程,导出层状介质Green函数表达式,将其应用于Born近似中,得到了基于层状介质格林函数的Born近似电导率计算公式和散射场关于速度扰动量的关系式,最终利用速度扰动量实现成像.通过对理论模型的实验计算,验证了利用层状模型Green函数的Born近似成像算法,能够重建地层电阻率分布,改善Born近似虚拟波动方程逆散射反演的垂向分辨率,获得较好的成像效果.对甘肃地区的实际资料处理结果表明,层状介质Green函数的Born近似,是一个精确度较高、稳定性好、有实际应用价值的成像方法.

Green-Naghdi Theory,Part A:Green-Naghdi(GN) Equations for Shallow Water Waves

In this work,Green-Naghdi (GN) equations with general weight functions were derived in a simple way. A wave-absorbing beach was also considered in the general GN equations. A numerical solution for a level higher than 4 was not feasible in the past with the original GN equations. The GN equations for shallow water waves were simplified here, which make the application of high level (higher than 4) equations feasible. The linear dispersion relationships of the first seven levels were presented. The accuracy of dispersion relationships increased as the level increased. Level 7 GN equations are capable of simulating waves out to wave number times depth . Numerical simulation of nonlinear water waves was performed by use of Level 5 and 7 GN equations, which will be presented in the next paper.

Some Universal Properties of the Green’s Functions Associated with the Wave Equation in Bounded Partially-Homogeneous Domains and Their Use in Acoustic Tomography

Direct and inverse scattering problems connected with the wave equation in non-homogeneous bounded domains constitute challenging actual subjects for both mathematicians and engineers. Among them one can mention, for example, inverse source problems in seismology, nondestructive archeological probing, mine prospecting, inverse initial-value problems in acoustic tomography, etc. In spite of its crucial importance, almost all of the available rigorous investigations concern the case of unbounded simple domains such as layered planar or cylindrical or spherical structures. The main reason for the lack of the works related to non-homogeneous bounded structures is the extreme complexity of the explicit expressions of the Green’s functions. The aim of the present work consists in discovering some universal properties of the Green’s functions in question, which reduce enormously the difficulties arising in various applications. The universality mentioned here means that the properties are not depend on the geometrical and physical properties of the configuration. To this end one considers first the case when the domain is partially-homogeneous. Then the results are generalized to the most general case. To show the importance of the universal properties in question, they are applied to an inverse initial-value problem connected with photo-acoustic tomography.

The Interaction of Oblique Flexural Gravity Waves With a Small Bottom Deformation on a Porous Ocean-Bed： Green＇s Function Approach

The interaction of oblique incident water waves with a small bottom deformation on a porous ocean-bed is examined analytically here within the framework of linear water wave theory. The upper surface of the ocean is assumed to be covered by an infinitely extended thin uniform elastic plate, while the lower surface is bounded by a porous bottom surface having a small deformation. By employing a simplified perturbation analysis, involving a small parameter δ(<<1), which measures the smallness of the deformation, the governing Boundary Value Problem(BVP) is reduced to a simpler BVP for the first-order correction of the potential function. This BVP is solved using a method based on Green's integral theorem with the introduction of suitable Green's function to obtain the first-order potential, and this potential function is then utilized to calculate the first-order reflection and transmission coefficients in terms of integrals involving the shape function c(x) representing the bottom deformation. Consideration of a patch of sinusoidal ripples shows that when the quotient of twice the component of the incident field wave number propagating just below the elastic plate and the ripple wave number approaches one, the theory predicts a resonant interaction between the bed and the surface below the elastic plate. Again, for small angles of incidence, the reflected wave energy is more as compared to the other angles of incidence. It is also observed that the reflected wave energy is somewhat sensitive to the changes in the flexural rigidity of the elastic plate, the porosity of the bed and the ripple wave numbers. The main advantage of the present study is that the results for the values of reflection and transmission coefficients obtained are found to satisfy the energy-balance relation almost accurately.

Comparison of Linear Level I Green-Naghdi Theory with Linear Wave Theory for Prediction of Hydroelastic Responses of VLFS

Very Large Floating Structures (VLFS) have drawn considerable attention recently due to their potential significance in the exploitation of ocean resources and in the utilization of ocean space. Efficient and accurate estimation of their hydroelastic responses to waves is very important for the design. Recently, an efficient numerical algorithm was developed by Ertekin and Kim (1999). However, in their analysis, the linear Level I Green-Naghdi (GN) theory is employed to describe fluid dynamics instead of the conventional linear wave (LW) theory of finite water depth. They claimed that this linear level I GN theory provided better predictions of the hydroelastic responses of VLFS than the linear wave theory. In this paper, a detailed derivation is given in the conventional linear wave theory framework with the same quantity as used in the linear level I GN theory framework. This allows a critical comparison between the linear wave theory and the linear level I GN theory. It is found that the linear level I GN theory can be regarded as an approximation to the linear wave theory of finite water depth. The consequences of the differences between these two theories in the predicted hydroelastic responses are studied quantitatively. And it is found that the linear level I GN theory is not superior to the linear wave theory. Finally, various factors affecting the hydroelastic response of VLFS are studied with the implemented algorithm.

恩智浦携手立达信和GreenWave Reality推出先进的智能家居照明解决方案

恩智浦半导体NXP Semiconductors（NASDAQ：NXPI）携手Green Wave Reality和立达信集团（Leedarson Ljghting）在香港国际灯饰展上推出了智能照明解决方案，并同时展示了多款智能CFL、LED灯泡及灯具。其中，

恩智浦、立达信和Green Wave Reality推出智能家居照明解决方案

2011年10月27日，恩智浦半导体NXP Semiconductors（NASDAQ：NXPI）携手Green Wave Reality和立达信集团（Leedarson Lighting）在香港国际灯饰展上推出了智能照明解决方案，并同时展示了多款智能CFL、LED灯泡及灯具，智能联网灯泡大约有50只。智能家居、智能酒店、智能商店和智能办公室等样板智能照明方案均在展位展出。

Green–Naghdi理论,B部分:深水波Green–Naghdi(GN)方程

“Green–Naghdi Theory,Part A:Green–Naghdi(GN)Equations for Shallow Water Waves”have investigated the linear dispersion relations of high-level GN equations in shallow water.In this study,the GN equations for deep water waves are investigated.In the traditional GN equations for deep water waves,the velocity distribution assumption involves only one representative wave number.Herein,a new velocity distribution shape function with multiple representative wave numbers is employed.Further,we have derived the three-dimensional GN equations and analyzed the linear dispersion relations of the GN-3 and GN-5 equations.In this study,the finite difference method is used to simulate focus waves in the time domain.Additionally,the GN-5 equations are used to validate the wave profile and horizontal velocity distribution along water depth for different focused waves.

A Central Numerical Scheme to 1D Green-Naghdi Wave Equations

A numerical scheme based on hybrid central finite-volume and finite-difference method is presented to model Green-Naghdi water wave equations. The governing equations are reformulated into the conservative form, and the convective flux is estimated using a Godunov-type finite volume method while the remaining terms are discretized using finite difference method. To enhance the robustness of the model, a central-upwind flux evaluation and a well-balanced non- negative water depth construction are incorporated. Numerical tests demonstrate that present model has the advantages of stability preserving and numerical efficiency.

Quasi-Dynamic Green’s Functions for Efficient Full-Wave Integral Formulations for Microstrip Interconnects

Integral formulations are widely used for full-wave analysis of microstrip interconnects. A weak point of these formulations is the inclusion of the proper planar-layered Green’s Functions (GFs), because of their computational cost. To overcome this problem, usually the GFs are decomposed into a quasi-dynamic term and a dynamic one. Under suitable approximations, the ?rst may be given in closed form, whereas the second is approximated. Starting from a general criterion for this decomposition, in this paper we derive some simple criteria for using the closed-form quasi-dynamic GFs instead of the complete GFs, with reference to the problem of evaluating the full-wave current distribution along microstrips. These criteria are based on simple relations between frequency, line length, dielectric thickness and permittivity. The layered GFs have been embedded into a full-wave transmission line model and the results are ?rst benchmarked with respect to a full-wave numerical 3D tool, then used to assess the proposed criteria.

恩智浦携手立达信和Green Wave Reality推出先进的智能家居照明解决方案

恩智浦半导体NXP携手Green Wave Reality和立达信集团（Leedarson Lighting）在香港国际灯饰展上推出了智能照明解决方案，并同时展示了多款智能CFL、LED灯泡及灯具。其中，采用基于IP的JenNet-IP（基于6LowPAN）网络软件的恩智浦GreenChip智能照明核心技术。可将灯泡转换成智能型可控设备，使其成为全球物联网的一部分。恩智浦以广泛的合作伙伴生态系统为依托，提供可扩展、安全的行业标准解决方案。现已发展成为行业领先的智能照明技术供应商。

Green-Wave Traffic Theory Optimization and Analysis

This paper analyzed the applicable conditions of the Green-Wave traffic theory, used two-phase signal control concept to optimize the Green-Wave traffic theory, put forward specific program for cross intersections and T-intersections. The analysis concluded that the optimized Green-Wave traffic theory is favorable to improve road safety and reduce vehicle fuel consumption and reduce vehicle emissions and other aspects.

基于公交优先的干线协调信号控制改进模型

基于公交信号优先策略,对MULTIBAND模型进行改进,重新定义了权重系数、车道清空时间和最小绿波带宽,结合不同相位放行方式实施红灯早断或绿灯延长控制策略,并在此基础上考虑公交车辆的车速与停靠时间,建立对公交车辆的约束,提出基于公交优先的干线协调信号控制改进模型。通过VISSIM仿真,将该模型与传统干线协调信号控制模型对比分析,结果表明:与传统协调控制模型相比,模型使社会车辆平均延误降低了4.77%,停车次数降低了3.77%,公交车辆平均延误降低了11.35%,停车次数降低了2.06%,人均延误降低了7.22%,且在不同的公交流量下均有较好的效果。

双重孔隙流体饱和介质弹性波散射二维IBIEM模拟

基于平面波势函数,采用间接边界积分方程法(indirect boundary integral equation method, IBIEM)研究了双孔隙流体饱和介质中弹性波入射下二维孔洞的散射特性。推导得到了双孔隙介质中全空间二维线源动力格林函数,并给出了各散射波的位移场和应力场。在数值精度验证的基础上,以双孔隙二维饱和全空间中孔洞为例,解决了平面P、SV波入射下的地震波散射问题。数值结果表明:双重孔隙介质中的位移幅值、环向应力幅值、孔隙压力变化规律与不同入射波形,入射频率,孔隙率和边界排水条件密切相关,位移幅值在低频(无量纲频率η≤2)入射时出现峰值。环向应力幅值与干土条件相比更为复杂,基质孔压与裂缝孔压的存在增大了双重孔隙饱和介质的能量效应,总体震动趋势大于干土条件,环向应力放大可达62%。

用并矢Green函数的矢量本征函数展开式评价偏心对随钻电磁波电阻率测井响应的影响

采用圆柱坐标系下径向成层介质中磁流源并矢Green函数的矢量本征函数展开式计算电磁波电阻率的测井响应,考察井眼内仪器偏心对测井响应的影响。计算时采用径向成层圆柱形地层模型并假设在每一圆柱层内地层是均匀各向同性的,这样每层介质内的电磁波是对称的柱面波和各阶非对称波的叠加。计算结果表明:仪器偏心的影响随频率的升高而增加;对于电阻性(电导性)钻井液,地层电阻率越低(越高)越需要对仪器偏心的影响进行校正。

径向成层介质的Green函数及其在随钻电磁波电阻率测量中的应用

采用递推矩阵方法计算径向成层介质的Green函数,根据圆柱形层界面处电场和磁场的连续性条件得到确定待定系数的矩阵方程组,并通过递推方法快速求解。采用将变型Bessel函数的指数项单独列出的方式有效地解决了Green函数计算中的上溢问题。用得到的Green函数对随钻电磁波电阻率测量仪器进行数值模拟,分析钻铤的影响规律、井眼校正方法和仪器的径向探测深度。结果表明,只须改变方程组中源项元素的位置,可以方便地得到源点和场点在任意层时的Green函数,形式简洁,易于编程。在仪器测量范围内金属钻铤对随钻电磁波电阻率测量仪器的影响可近似视为恒定,在井眼直径较小且钻井液电导率较低的情况下无须对随钻电磁波电阻率测量仪器进行井眼校正,仪器的径向探测深度并非只取决于仪器参数,也与侵入带电导率、地层电导率以及井眼因素有关。所得到的结论可为随钻电磁波电阻率测量仪器的研制和使用提供理论指导。

圆形区域多圆孔对SH波散射Green函数解

利用多极坐标变换、Graf加法公式及波函数展开法研究圆形区域内多圆孔缺陷存在时对圆形域边界作用反平面稳态脉冲SH波散射Green函数解。给出各圆孔对SH波散射产生含未知系数的散射波函数,用叠加原理写出圆形域介质内总波场,据边界条件、Graf加法公式及Fourier积分变换获得确定未知系数的无穷线代数方程组;由计算精度进行有限项截断求解,确定问题的Green函数解。用算例结果验证该方法的可行性。