A new evolutional model for institutional field knowledge flow network

Purpose:This paper aims to address the limitations in existing research on the evolution of knowledge flow networks by proposing a meso-level institutional field knowledge flow network evolution model(IKM).The purpose is to simulate the construction process of a knowledge flow network using knowledge organizations as units and to investigate its effectiveness in replicating institutional field knowledge flow networks.Design/Methodology/Approach:The IKM model enhances the preferential attachment and growth observed in scale-free BA networks,while incorporating three adjustment parameters to simulate the selection of connection targets and the types of nodes involved in the network evolution process Using the PageRank algorithm to calculate the significance of nodes within the knowledge flow network.To compare its performance,the BA and DMS models are also employed for simulating the network.Pearson coefficient analysis is conducted on the simulated networks generated by the IKM,BA and DMS models,as well as on the actual network.Findings:The research findings demonstrate that the IKM model outperforms the BA and DMS models in replicating the institutional field knowledge flow network.It provides comprehensive insights into the evolution mechanism of knowledge flow networks in the scientific research realm.The model also exhibits potential applicability to other knowledge networks that involve knowledge organizations as node units.Research Limitations:This study has some limitations.Firstly,it primarily focuses on the evolution of knowledge flow networks within the field of physics,neglecting other fields.Additionally,the analysis is based on a specific set of data,which may limit the generalizability of the findings.Future research could address these limitations by exploring knowledge flow networks in diverse fields and utilizing broader datasets.Practical Implications:The proposed IKM model offers practical implications for the construction and analysis of knowledge flow networks within institutions.It provides a valuable tool for understanding and managing knowledge exchange between knowledge organizations.The model can aid in optimizing knowledge flow and enhancing collaboration within organizations.Originality/value:This research highlights the significance of meso-level studies in understanding knowledge organization and its impact on knowledge flow networks.The IKM model demonstrates its effectiveness in replicating institutional field knowledge flow networks and offers practical implications for knowledge management in institutions.Moreover,the model has the potential to be applied to other knowledge networks,which are formed by knowledge organizations as node units.

Knowledge flow analysis of knowledge co-production-based climate change adaptation for lowland rice farmers in Bulukumba Regency,Indonesia

To increase the resilience of farmers’livelihood systems,detailed knowledge of adaptation strategies for dealing with the impacts of climate change is required.Knowledge co-production approach is an adaptation strategy that is considered appropriate in the context of the increasing frequency of disasters caused by climate change.Previous research of knowledge co-production on climate change adaptation in Indonesia is insufficient,particularly at local level,so we examined the flow of climate change adaptation knowledge in the knowledge co-production process through climate field school(CFS)activities in this study.We interviewed 120 people living in Bulukumba Regency,South Sulawesi Province,Indonesia,involving 12 crowds including male and female farmers participated in CFS and not participated in CFS,local government officials,agriculture extension workers,agricultural traders,farmers’family members and neighbors,etc.In brief,the 12 groups of people mainly include two categories of people,i.e.,people involved in CFS activities and outside CFS.We applied descriptive method and Social network analysis(SNA)to determine how knowledge flow in the community network and which groups of actors are important for knowledge flow.The findings of this study reveal that participants in CFS activities convey the knowledge they acquired formally(i.e.,from TV,radio,government,etc.)and informally(i.e.,from market,friends,relatives,etc.)to other actors,especially to their families and neighbors.The results also show that the acquisition and sharing of knowledge facilitate the flow of climate change adaptation knowledge based on knowledge co-operation.In addition,the findings highlight the key role of actors in the knowledge transfer process,and key actors involved in disseminating information about climate change adaptation.To be specific,among all the actors,family member and neighbor of CFS actor are the most common actors in disseminating climate knowledge information and closest to other actors in the network;agricultural trader and family member of CFS actor collaborate most with other actors in the community network;and farmers participated in CFS,including those heads of farmer groups,agricultural extension workers,and local government officials are more willing to contact with other actors in the network.To facilitate the flow of knowledge on climate change adaptation,CFS activities should be conducted regularly and CFS models that fit the situation of farmers’vulnerability to climate change should be developed.

On the development of modern service industry under mismatched Blotto game of knowledge flow

In order to highlight and analyze the influence of heterogeneous knowledge flows to enterprises in the modern service industry,based on a review of the Colonel Blotto game,some presumptions such as the game's utility function are modified,and a mechanism to change tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge is constructed to carry out an analysis of a two-player knowledge flow management.The characteristics of the players' optimal reactions of knowledge flow management are studied,and the results bear evidence of the facts that a gap always exists under the spillover effect.Meanwhile,tacit knowledge seems more important to the development of enterprises than explicit knowledge.So it implies that the foremost task for the development of the modern service industry is to strengthen the settings and institutions for the flux of tacit knowledge and enterprise knowledge management.

Structure of Chinese City Network as Driven by Technological Knowledge Flows

Based on patent cooperation data,this study used a range of city network analysis approaches in order to explore the structure of the Chinese city network which is driven by technological knowledge flows.The results revealed the spatial structure,composition structure,hierarchical structure,group structure,and control structure of Chinese city network,as well as its dynamic factors.The major findings are:1) the spatial pattern presents a diamond structure,in which Wuhan is the central city;2) although the invention patent knowledge network is the main part of the broader inter-city innovative cooperation network,it is weaker than the utility model patent;3) as the senior level cities,Beijing,Shanghai and the cities in the Zhujiang(Pearl) River Delta Region show a strong capability of both spreading and controlling technological knowledge;4) whilst a national technology alliance has preliminarily formed,regional alliances have not been adequately established;5) even though the cooperation level amongst weak connection cities is not high,such cities still play an important role in the network as a result of their location within ′structural holes′ in the network;and 6) the major driving forces facilitating inter-city technological cooperation are geographical proximity,hierarchical proximity and technological proximity.

Knowledge Map编码与定位算法

该文提出用Hash来对KM(Knowledge Map)中的领域方向进行编码,形成领域方向Island.提出KM概念向量与概念间关系类型的编码方法.基于上述编码,利用Chord对海量Island进行快速定位;并在Island的控制下,提出C-Location与R-Location对相同领域方向的KM进行快速定位.Island可使具有相同领域方向的KM自动聚集在一起.实例计算说明该方法可对KM进行有效的编码与精确的定位,并具有较强的灵活性.

Accessible KnowledgemKnowledge on Accessibility

Although serious efforts are made internationally and nationally, it is a slow process to make our physical environment accessible. In the actual design process, architects play a major role. But what kinds of knowledge, including research-based knowledge, do practicing architects make use of when designing accessible environments？ The answer to the question is crucially important since it affects how knowledge is distributed and how accessibility can be ensured. In order to get first-hand knowledge about the design process and the sources from which they gain knowledge, 11 qualitative interviews were conducted with architects with experience of designing for accessibility. The analysis draws on two theoretical distinctions. The first is research-based knowledge versus knowledge used by architects. The second is context-independent knowledge versus context-dependent knowledge. The practitioners found their primary support in context-dependent knowledge, whereas context-independent knowledge was criticized as being too prescriptive. Further, they tended to ask for assistance from the researcher in person rather than reading research publications. The findings challenge research in two ways--first, to produce context-dependent knowledge to structure the first step of the design process, second, to develop new ways to ensure a knowledge flow between research and practice.

数字化转型、知识耦合与企业知识流动

如何通过数字化手段打造企业的知识经济,是数字经济发展亟待解决的重要议题。文章基于知识基础观理论和动态能力理论,探讨了数字化转型、知识耦合对企业知识流动的作用机制。结果表明,数字化转型对企业知识的流动性具有正向促进作用,在经过稳健性检验后显著效果依然存在;知识耦合在数字化转型与知识流动的关系中具有传导效应,原有技术领域间的知识耦合与企业知识流动呈“U”型关系,而新旧技术领域间的知识耦合与企业知识流动具有正相关关系;数字化转型对知识耦合具有显著作用,其显著性受到时间窗口的约束。

服务创新网络中企业社会资本如何影响创新绩效——知识流耦合与知识共创的链式中介作用

基于社会网络理论与知识基础观,构建“企业社会资本—知识流耦合—知识共创—服务创新绩效”的链式中介模型,运用层次回归分析法对405份企业样本进行分析。研究发现:结构性、认知性、关系性社会资本均对服务创新绩效有显著正向影响,且影响程度依次减弱;知识流耦合、知识共创在企业社会资本与服务创新绩效之间起链式中介作用。研究可进一步夯实创新网络、社会资本理论基础,揭示企业社会资本通过知识作用路径影响服务创新绩效的内在机制,为服务企业提高创新绩效提供参考。

高等教育在地国际化:意涵阐释、全球案例与中国借鉴

高等教育国际化是教育对外开放的鲜明特征,以跨境流动为主的高等教育国际化模式面临危机,学界将更多关注在地国际化模式。在地国际化致力于培养全体学生的跨文化交流能力,提升高等教育机构的国际治理能力,通过增强机构的文化多样性,提供文化敏感的国际化课程,加强国家间的对话与共享。全球主要国家通过国家战略、机构策略、国际课程、学生融合等方面实施在地国际化。我国在地国际化实践进入了新的历史阶段,但仍面对挑战。我国高等教育国际化在“弯道超车”和“变道超车”的过程中,应取人才培养本位,促知识流动、引战略转型;增强“本土留学”服务能力;创建富有中国特色的国际化校园环境,重塑国际化课程模式和实践;实施文化敏感的教学,加强文化引领;以微证书项目促进在地国际化的“流动性”。

学科知识输出影响力分析: 基于交叉知识的学科归属度测度

[目的/意义]新文科建设背景下,量化与评价学科在科学体系中的影响力,有利于推动学科交叉融合发展及话语体系构建。[方法/过程]首先,从研究持续性、均衡性、关注度三方面构建知识的学科归属度测度模型;其次,引入流体动能理论,基于归属度构建目标学科知识输出动能模型,从知识输出密度和知识输出速度两方面综合识别此学科知识主要影响了哪些学科,进而分析目标学科影响力;最后,以图书情报学2017—2022年数据为例,进行实证分析。[结果/结论]对比发现提出的研究方法较同类研究具有一定优势,并识别到管理科学与工程等是图书情报学影响的主要学科,法学等受图书情报学影响呈上升趋势,自然科学受图书情报学影响较小,尤其理科。由此,提出学科影响力提升策略建议。

面向柔性生产资源的分布式农机生产调度优化

在经济全球化背景下,分布式制造和调度系统已成为大型农机生产企业的主流生产模式。针对农机生产过程中多品种小批量的生产特点,构建出一种分布式两阶段异构混合流水车间调度问题模型,提出了一种知识引导的分布估计算法,求解分布式异构混合流水车间调度问题模型的子问题:工厂分配、工件加工顺序和加工机器分配。改进的分布估计算法融合了多种启发式构造和随机方法进行种群初始化,并对候选解进行迭代优化,通过对求解问题的特性进行分析,提高关键加工阶段加工资源的利用率,对于不同规模的调度问题提出了相应的知识引导的强化机制和多种局部搜索策略。通过仿真实验,将提出的算法与其他三类算法进行对比,验证了改进的分布估计算法的有效性和稳定性。实验结果表明,利用调度问题特性引导算法的演化过程,可有效地提升知识引导的分布估计算法对于分布式异构混合流水车间调度问题的求解效率。

多主体协同增强区域创新生态系统韧性的机制研究——基于知识流动视角

采用系统耦合协调度方法测度区域创新生态系统韧性,进一步构建计量模型,实证检验多主体协同对区域创新生态系统韧性的影响机制。研究发现,多主体协同显著增强了区域创新生态系统韧性,知识流动在其中起部分中介效应;异质性分析表明,经费支持力度、创新生态系统韧性、区域分布等在多主体协同影响区域创新生态系统韧性过程中存在异质性。根据以上结论,提出增强区域创新生态系统韧性的相关政策启示。

知识视角下科技成果转化研究述评

[目的/意义]在知识视角下研究科技成果转化问题可以为破解当前科技成果转化困境提供新思路,系统梳理并深入解读这些研究内容具有积极意义。[方法/过程]对相关研究展开述评,从科技成果转化与知识的本质联系、科技成果转化中的关键知识活动及影响科技成果转化的知识因素三方面对国内外相关研究进行系统梳理和归纳,并对未来研究做出展望。[结果/结论]研究表明,当前已初步形成在知识视角下研究科技成果转化问题的基本思路,但仍有许多空白点亟待填补。未来可在知识活动机理揭示、知识活动规律定量分析、适用知识创新模型探索、隐性知识流动机理研究与理论成果应用等方面继续深化和拓展。

基于知识流动的技术守门人识别——以区块链技术领域为例

[目的/意义]技术守门人是影响新技术信息传播的关键角色,有效识别守门人有利于更好地扶持领域内技术创新主体。[方法/过程]文章以技术守门人的定义为基础,并结合科学—技术互动关联理论,选取区块链技术领域为研究对象,构建学者合作网络与引用网络,在原有技术守门人识别方法的基础上,筛选对知识流动有促进作用的守门人。[结果/结论]实验结果显示,运用该方法筛选出的守门人在知识流动过程中具有控制和促进作用,与传统守门人相比,该方法识别出的守门人对领域发展的贡献与促进作用更为突出,对专业领域的发展更具影响力。

新质生产力背景下企业关系网络提升颠覆性创新能力机制研究--基于知识的视角

加快形成新质生产力,是新时代新征程上中国式现代化建设的核心支撑,需要充分发挥创新的主导作用,特别是原创性、颠覆性科技创新。基于发展新质生产力背景,构建知识视角下的企业颠覆性创新分析框架,同时结合社会网络理论和开放式创新理论,探索企业关系网络嵌入及其交互作用对企业颠覆性创新能力的影响机制,并以智能电动车这一新兴产业为例,基于相关专利数据,通过负二项回归进行实证分析,结果表明:合作网络嵌入能显著提升企业颠覆性创新能力;知识流动在合作网络结构嵌入与颠覆性创新能力之间起中介作用,即企业可以通过占据结构洞位置来促进知识流动,从而提升颠覆性创新能力;而知识流动在企业的合作网络关系嵌入对企业颠覆性创新能力的影响中没有起到中介作用;知识网络结构嵌入和知识网络关系嵌入均正向调节企业合作网络关系和结构嵌入与知识流动之间的关系。上述探讨拓展了开放式创新情境下多层网络嵌入研究,补充了颠覆性创新能力前因研究,对促进企业自主科技创新,推动新质生产力发展具有一定的指导意义。

知识流动视角下数字人文产业联盟构建研究

[目的/意义]探究数字人文产业联盟构建策略,规划其未来发展路径,拓宽数字人文领域研究思路,加快数字人文领域迈向规模化、市场化、产业化步伐,加强数字人文领域内从数字人文知识到生产力再到经济效益的转化效率。[方法/过程]从知识流动视角出发,明晰数字人文产业概念,探析数字人文产业知识流动路径,探究数字人文产业联盟构建策略与发展路径。[结论/结果]界定数字人文产品、数字人文产业概念,分析数字人文产业知识流动路径,构建知识流动视角下数字人文产业联盟模型,提出以企业、高等院校与科研机构、政府与行业协会/组织等知识主体要素的构建策略,并规划“放眼未来”“着力当下”“弯道超车”三步走的发展路径。

编织知识网络提升《化工原理》学习效果

化工原理是化工类专业的基础课程,是学生在理科基础上建立工程思想的关键课程。该门课程的学习存在知识点多且杂、难度大、不好学等问题,文章提出编织单元知识网络的方法,帮助学生提高学习效率,拓展自学能力。让学生在掌握课程知识的同时,也获得提高效率的学习方法。

沉浸理论视域下短视频知识采纳意愿的形成机制研究——基于“挑战—技能平衡”特征的对比分析

[目的/意义]知识类短视频是当前信息用户广泛使用的信息资源。本文旨在从沉浸体验视角探索用户在观看知识类短视频时的采纳意愿形成机制。[研究设计/方法]以沉浸理论和信息采纳模型为基础,采用对照实验、问卷调查法收集数据,通过PLS-SEM模型分析知识采纳行为的形成机制。[结论/发现]沉浸体验对感知有用性和知识采纳意愿具有积极影响,并负向调节视频质量对感知有用性的正向影响、正向调节感知有用性对知识采纳意愿的正向影响。用户在高技能、高沉浸状态下,知识采纳同时受感觉体验和知识内容路径影响;在高挑战状态下,只受知识内容路径影响。[创新/价值]将沉浸理论引入知识采纳研究,提出了短视频知识采纳意愿形成模型,发现了沉浸体验、知识采纳和图像认知之间的复杂关联。

数据流空间视角下知识溢出的内生经济增长机制

数据流空间是数字经济时代非竞争的数据在各网络节点之间不断复制共享与往复传输所形成的虚拟空间场域。本文基于两部门的内生经济增长模型,将数据视为研发活动的“副产品”,分析有数据流动参与的内生经济增长机制;继而使用社会网络分析方法,验证发现中国的数据流空间网络结构呈现“核心-外围”特征,数据流空间中的数据流动联系弥补了现实空间的距离联系的不足。进一步,本文利用2014—2020年面板数据,构建空间杜宾模型对数据流空间中知识溢出对经济增长的促进效应进行实证分析。结果显示,在数字经济时代,虚拟的数据流空间能够成为知识溢出的新载体,研发活动所产生的知识溢出以数据流动的方式体现,促进了经济增长。

模块知识融合反应工程大作业设计的思考

化学反应工程是高校化学工程专业的重要核心课之一,致力于研究化学动力学并根据反应特点设计合适的反应器。课程教学团队根据多年教学经验,将课程内容分为理想反应器、非理想流动、非均相催化和工业反应器四个模块,并针对非理想流动与非均相催化模块的知识关联较弱而导致学生无法综合运用所学知识解决复杂反应工程问题的现象,设计了基于模块知识融合的课程大作业。本文阐述了课程大作业对加强模块间知识关联的重要作用,梳理了课程大作业的设计和实施要点,并以催化剂氧空位测量的课程大作业为例,介绍如何通过非理想流动和非均相催化模块知识的融合提升学生解决复杂工程问题的能力,最后总结了课程大作业实施过程中的共性问题并提出了改进建议。