Dietary lycopene supplementation improves meat quality,antioxidant capacity and skeletal muscle fiber type transformation in finishing pigs

This study aimed to investigate effects of dietary lycopene supplementation on meat quality,antioxidant ability and muscle fiber type transformation in finishing pigs.In a 70-day experiment,18 DurocLandraceYorkshire barrows were randomly allocated to 3 dietary treatments including a basal diet supplemented with 0,100 and 200 mg/kg lycopene,respectively.Each dietary treatment had 6 replicates with one pig each.Results showed that dietary 200 mg/kg lycopene supplementation increased muscle redness a^(*)value,intramuscular fat and crude protein contents,and decreased muscle lightness L^(*)and yellowness b^(*)values(P<0.05),suggesting that addition of 200 mg/kg lycopene to the diet of finishing pigs improved color,nutritional value and juiciness of pork after slaughter.Results also showed that dietary lycopene supplementation enhanced antioxidant capacity of finishing pigs(P<0.05).Moreover,dietary supplementation of 200 mg/kg lycopene significantly increased slow myosin heavy chain(MyHC)protein level and slow-twitch fiber percentage,and decreased fast MyHC protein level and fast-twitch fiber percentage(P<0.05),suggesting that the addition of 200 mg/kg lycopene to the diet of finishing pigs promoted muscle fiber type conversion from fast-twitch to slow-twitch.Together,we provide the first evidence that dietary 200 mg/kg lycopene supplementation improves meat quality,enhances antioxidant capacity and promotes muscle fiber type transformation from fast-twitch to slow-twitch in finishing pigs.

New technique:Detection and location of partial discharge in cast-resin dry-type transformers using a waveguide and a new acoustic emission sensor pair design

The acoustic emission (AE) method could be used to detect and locate partial discharges (PD) in cast-resin dry-type transformers.However,due to the high sound attenuation in the filled epoxy,the signal is prone to interference from external noises and thus,in practice,there is little possibility of detecting PD.In this study,two techniques were developed to alleviate the shortcomings of the AE method.First,a waveguide is installed on the high-voltage (HV) windings,so that the acoustic signals of PD will propagate to the AE sensors that are installed on both terminals of the waveguide.The location of the winding that has PD can then be detected from the difference in arrival time of the acoustic signals.Test results indicate that the waveguide technique is able to enhance the safety of a measurement system and offers the advantages of easy installation and higher flexibility.Second,a specially designed AE sensor pair is used to distinguish whether acoustic signals are generated by PD inside the HV winding or by the corona outside the transformers.Using these two techniques of waveguide and AE sensor pair not only greatly improves sensitivity but also increases the reliability of the measurement system.Practical test results show that the new techniques can be used to locate precisely the PD in HV windings.

THE INTEGRAL TYPE GAUGE TRANSFORMATION AND THE ADDITIONAL SYMMETRY FOR THE CONSTRAINED KP HIERARCHY

In this paper, the compatibility between the integral type gauge transformation and the additional symmetry of the constrained KP hierarchy is given. And the string-equation constraint in matrix models is also derived.

Interference of Y-27632 on the signal transduction of transforming growth factor beta type 1 in ocular Tenon capsule fibroblasts

AIM: To investigate the interfering effect of Y-27632, a ROCK-I selective inhibitor, on the signal transduction pathway of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in ocular Tenon capsule fibroblasts (OTFS) in vitro. METHODS: After OTFS from passages 4 to 6 47 vitro were induced by TGF-beta 1 and then treated by Y-27632, the changes of the OTFS cell cycles were analyzed via flow cytometry, and the proteins expression of the alpha -smooth muscular actin (alpha -SMA), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), collagen I were calculated by Western blot. After OTFS treated by the different concentrations of Y-27632, the expression levels of the alpha -SMA, CTGF and collagen I mRNA were assayed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: Y-27632 had no markedly effect on the OTFS cell cycles. After treated by TGF-beta 1, OTFS in G1 period significantly increased. The cell cycles distribution by both TGF-beta 1 and Y-27632 had no remarkable difference from that in control group. Y-27632 significantly inhibited the proteins expressions of both alpha -SMA and CTGF, while to some extent inhibited that of collagen I. TGF-beta 1 significantly promoted the proteins expressions of alpha -SMA, CTGF and collagen I. After OTFS treated by both TGF-beta 1 and Y-27632, of alpha -SMA, the protein expression was similar with that in control group (P=0.066>0.05), but the protein expression of CTGF or collagen I, respectively, was significantly different from that in control group (P=0.000<0.01). The differences of expressions of the alpha -SMA, CTGF and collagen I mRNA in 30, 150, 750 mu mol/L Y-27632 group were statistically significant, compared with those in control group, respectively (alpha -SMA, P=0.002, 0.000, 0.000; CTGF, P=0.014, 0.002, 0.001; collagen I,P=0.003, 0.002, 0.000). CONCLUSION: Blocking the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway by using of Y-27632 could inhibit the cellular proliferation and the expression of both CTGF and alpha -SMA whatever OTFS induced by TGF-beta 1 or not. Y-27632 suppressed the expression of collagen I mRNA without induction.

Boundedness of Commutators Generated by Campanato-type Functions and Riesz Transforms Associated with Schrdinger Operators

Abstract： Let L=-△＋V be a SchrSdinger operator on Rn, n 〉 3, where △ is the Laplacian on Rn and V ≠ 0 is a nonnegative function satisfying the reverse HSlder＇s inequality. Let [b, T] be the commutator generated by the Campanatotype function b ∈∧Lβ and the Riesz transform associated with SchrSdinger operator T =△↓（-△ ＋ V）-1/2. In the paper, we establish the boundedness of [b, T] on Lebesgue spaces and Campanato-type spaces.

ENHANCEMENT OF MORPHOLOGICAL AND ONCOGENIC TRANSFORMATION OF MOUSE CELLS WITH 12-O-TETRADECANOYL PHORBOL- 13-ACETATE FOLLOWING HERPES SINPLEX VIRUS TYPE 2 INFECTION

Sequential exposure of mouse embryo cells to HSV-2 and TPA gave rise to a synergistic enhancement of the transformation frequency. The transformants were selected for their ability to form dense foci of cells in medium containing 10% or 1%(low) fetal bovine serum. The average number of foci induced with HSV -2 followed by TPA was about 3 or 5(in low serum) fold greater than that induced with HSV- 2 alone. HSV- 2 antigen could be detected in about 10% of transformed cells before 27th passage with immunofluorescence technique. Of two cell lines established from single focus , one designated BL which was preferable to form foci in subcultures was tumorigenic after 21th passage. All of the tumors were sarcomas with interlacing bundles of pleomorphic fibroblasts. The other,designated NP was nontumorigenic until 50th passage. The BL cell line was composed of two distict cell types, i. e.,pigmented and unpigmented. No viral DNA sequences weredetected in the cells of tumors derived from BL cell line.

The Dual Functionals for the Generalized Ball Basis of Wang-Said Type and Basis Transformation Formulas

The generalized Ball curves of Wang-Said type with a position parameter L not only unify the Wang-Ball curves and the Said-Ball curves, but also include several useful intermediate curves. This paper presents the dual functionals for the generalized Ball basis of Wang-Said type. The relevant basis transformation formulae are also worked out.

Studies on the Photosynthetic Characteristics andAssimilate's Accumulation and Transformation inHeavy Panicle Type of Rice

Using 18 indica rice varieties with different panicle weight, the photosynthetic characteristics and assimilate's accumulation and transformation in heavy panicle type of rice(HPT)were studied. The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of the flag leaf in HPT after heading was obviously higher than that in medium panicle type(MPT)and light panicle type(LPT). The reason for the high net photosynthetic rate in HPT was the increase of Rubisco activities and chlorophyll content, and keeping high assimilate ability to CO2 under high and low light intensity, high temperature and low CO2 content, and light midday depression and wide adaptability to environmental conditions. The high net photosynthetic rate of HPT might be also the results of its excellent stomatal characteristics and higher total quantity of stomatal opening degrees(stomatal density X stomatal opening degrees). There was a large amount of dry matter production after heading and obvious high assimilate's transformation to panicle in HPT.

Study on the Effect of Multi-Type Current Transformers Hybrid Operation on Differential Protection of the Bus Based on Dynamic Simulation

This paper analyzes characteristics of multi type current transformers hybrid operation for each branch of the bus and their effects on differential protection of the bus. By theoretically analyzing transmission characteristics of multi type current transformers and their influence factors, we study the dynamic model testing method of multi type current transformers for the bus, and design 3 kinds of testing schemes by making the equivalent model based on the field of P-level current transformer, TPY-level current transformer and electronic current transformer, and build the hybrid operation testing platform of multi type current transformers. Finally, we compare and analyze the transmission characteristics difference of multi type current transformers on the same branch and the characteristics difference of hybrid operation in two successive external faults, analyze the cause behind the differences, and put forward the corresponding improvement measures.

On <i>q</i>-Analogues of Laplace Type Integral Transforms of <i>q</i>²-Bessel Functions

The present paper deals with the evaluation of the q-Analogues of Laplece transforms of a product of basic analogues of q2-special functions. We apply these transforms to three families of q-Bessel functions. Several special cases have been deducted.

Solution of Modified Equations of Emden-Type by Differential Transform Method

In this paper the Modified Equations of Emden type (MEE), χ+αχχ+βχ 3 is solved numerically by the differential transform method. This technique doesn’t require any discretization, linearization or small perturbations and therefore it reduces significantly the numerical computation. The current results of this paper are in excellent agreement with those provided by Chandrasekar et al. [1] and thereby illustrate the reliability and the performance of the differential transform method. We have also compared the results with the classical Runge-Kutta 4 (RK4) Method.

Relativistic effect of pseudospin symmetry and tensor coupling on the Mie-type potential via Laplace transformation method

A relativistic Mie-type potential for spin-1/2 particles is studied. The Dirac Hamiltonian contains a scalar S（r） and a vector V（r） Mie-type potential in the radial coordinates, as well as a tensor potential U（r） in the form of Coulomb potential. In the pseudospin（p-spin） symmetry setting Σ = Cps and Δ = V（r）, an analytical solution for exact bound states of the corresponding Dirac equation is found. The eigenenergies and normalized wave functions are presented and particular cases are discussed with any arbitrary spin–orbit coupling number κ. Special attention is devoted to the caseΣ = 0 for which p-spin symmetry is exact. The Laplace transform approach（LTA） is used in our calculations. Some numerical results are obtained and compared with those of other methods.

Inhibition of Ubiquitin-specific Protease 4 Attenuates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells via Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor Type Ⅰ

Objective Ubiquitin-specific protease 4(USP4)facilitates the development of transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)in various cancer cells.Moreover,EMT of renal tubular epithelial cells(RTECs)is required for the progression of renal interstitial fibrosis.However,the role of USP4 in EMT of RTECs remains unknown.The present study aimed to explore the effect of USP4 on the EMT of RTECs as well as the involved mechanism.Methods In established unilateral ureteral obstruction(UUO)rats and NRK-52E cells,immunohistochemistry and Western blot assays were performed.Results USP4 expression was increased significantly with obstruction time.In NRK-52E cells stimulated by TGF-β1,USP4 expression was increased in a time-dependent manner.In addition,USP4 silencing with specific siRNA indicated that USP4 protein was suppressed effectively.Meanwhile,USP4 siRNA treatment restored E-cadherin and weakened alpha smooth muscle actin(α-SMA)expression,indicating that USP4 may promote EMT.After treatment with USP4 siRNA and TGF-β1 for 24 h,the expression of TGF-β1 receptor type I(TβRI)was decreased.Conclusion USP4 promotes the EMT of RTECs through upregulating TβRI,thereby facilitating renal interstitial fibrosis.These findings may provide a potential target of USP4 in the treatment of renal fibrosis.

Separate-Type Estimators for Estimating Population Ratio in Post-Stratified Sampling Using Variable Transformation

The study proposes, along the line of [1], six separate-type estimators for estimating the population ratio of two variables in post-stratified sampling, using variable transformation. Properties of the proposed estimators were obtained up to first order approximations, both for achieved sample configurations (conditional argument) and over repeated samples of fixed size n (unconditional argument). Efficiency conditions, under which the proposed separate-type estimators would perform better than the associated customary separate-type estimators in terms of having smaller mean squared errors, were obtained. Furthermore, conditions under which some of the proposed separate-type estimators would perform better than other proposed separate-type estimators were also obtained. The optimum estimators among the proposed separate-type estimators were obtained and an empirical illustration confirmed the theoretical results.

Comparison of the Length of Stay and Medical Expenditures among Japanese Hospitals for Type 2 Diabetes Treatments: The Box-Cox Transformation Model under Heteroscedasticity

In this paper, we analyzed length of stay (LOS) in hospitals and medical expenditures for type 2 diabetes patients. LOS was analyzed by the power Box-Cox transformation model when variances differed among hospitals. We proposed a new test and consistent estimator. We rejected the ho-moscedasticity of variances among hospitals, and then analyzed the LOS of 12,666 type 2 diabetes patients hospitalized for regular medical treatments collected from 60 general hospitals in Japan. The variables found to affect LOS were age, number of comorbidities and complications, introduced by another hospital, one-week hospitalization, 2010 revision, specific-hospitalization-period (SHP), and principal diseases E11.5, E11.6 and E11.7. There were surprisingly large differences in ALOS among hospitals even after eliminating the influence of characteristics and conditions of patients. We then analyzed daily medical expenditure (DME) by the ordinary least squares methods. The variables that affected DME were LOS, number of comorbidities and complications, acute hospitalization, hospital’s own outpatient, season, introduced by another hospital, one-week hospitalization, 2010 revision, SHP, time trend, and principal diseases E11.2, E11.4 and E117. The DME did not decrease after the SHP. After eliminating the influences of characteristics and conditions of patients, the differences among hospitals were relatively small, 12% of the overall average. LOS is the main determinant of medical expenditures, and new incentives to reduce LOS are needed to control Japanese medical expenditures. Since at least 99% of patients require medical care after leaving the hospital, systems that take proper care of patients for long periods of time after hospitalization are absolutely necessary for efficient treatment of diabetes.

Advances in the Mechanisms of Hemorrhagic Transformation and Therapeutic Agents after Intravenous Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke

Ischemic stroke is an important disease leading to death and disability for all human beings, and the key to its treatment lies in the early opening of obstructed vessels and restoration of perfusion to the local infarcted area. Intravenous thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is one of the effective therapies to achieve revascularization, but it faces strict indications with a narrow therapeutic time window, and significantly increases the incidence of hemorrhagic transformation, HT, after reperfusion of the infarcted foci, which greatly reduces the incidence of patients with ischemic stroke. which significantly increases the incidence of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after reperfusion of the infarcted focus, greatly reducing patient utilization and clinical benefit. Since the mechanism of HT has not been fully elucidated, and the related molecular mechanisms are complex and interactive, there is no specific and effective therapy to avoid the occurrence of HT. In this article, we focus on the research progress on the mechanism of HT after tPA intravenous thrombolysis in ischemic stroke patients from the aspects of vascular integrity disruption, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammatory response and the corresponding therapeutic strategies, in order to improve the safety and prognosis of tPA intravenous thrombolysis in the clinic.

Isothermal and athermal martensitic transformations of ceria cerla doped zilrconian

Martensitic transformation behavior was studied for zirconia containing 4%～10% CeO2 (in mole fraction) by using a dilatometric method. The Ms (Martensite start temperature) decreased near linearly with increasing CeO2. Different transformation modes were observed depending on the composition and cooling rate. ZrO2 containing 6% CeO2 showed isothermal transformation behavior, whereas ZrO2 containing 9% and 10% CeO2 showed athermal transformation behavior. However, ZrO2 containing 8% CeO2 showed either isothermal or athermal transformations behavior depending on the cooling rate. A TTT (Time-Temperature-Transformation) diagram was proposed for ZrO2 containing 8% CeO2.

串联电抗器式高阻抗变压器运行状态评估模型

基于准确评估串联电抗器式高阻抗变压器运行状态的目的,诊断其故障级别,构建串联电抗器式高阻抗变压器运行状态评估模型。此模型从影响变压器运行状态的电气类、油气类、油化类、物理类因素着手,构建评估指标体系后,利用基于客观修正主观的评估指标组合赋权方法,以客观修正主观的方式,为指标组合赋权;通过基于模糊综合评估的运行状态评估模型,计算全部赋权后评估指标因素隶属度,分析指标因素标准值后,计算全部指标因素评分值后,结合运行状态级别标准,判断变压器运行状态级别。结果可得,此模型对变压器运行状态级别信息评估结果准确,可得到100%一致的结果。

基于Transformer神经网络的滚动轴承故障类型识别

工程应用中的滚动轴承故障类型识别要求同时具有较高的识别准确度和时间效率,基于上述需求提出基于Transformer神经网络的滚动轴承故障类型识别方法。所提方法结合小波包变换时频域能量特征和快速傅里叶变换频域特征生成满足Transformer神经网络的输入样本矩阵,解决Transformer神经网络的输入问题。同时,提出应用于滚动轴承故障类型识别的归一化位置编码方法,解决Transformer神经网络在滚动轴承故障分析领域的位置编码问题。在此基础上,提出Transformer神经网络双向输入样本矩阵处理机制和算法训练过程中错误样本权重增强机制,提升所提方法的鲁棒性。使用KAt数据中心的滚动轴承数据集验证所提方法的识别性能,与现有常用深度学习方法相比,所提方法在时间效率和准确度性能上均有一定的优势,其中,准确度能够提升11%以上,单个样本的平均处理时间小于1 ms。

基于Transformer和CNN特征融合的非接触式心率检测算法

心率失调是心血管疾病的常见危险因素,如何及时地对心率失调作出预警,成为了研究的热点。传统的心率检测是接触式的,检测十分不便。远程光电容积脉搏波描记法(Remote photoplethysmography,rPPG)的提出旨在实现无须接触的测量,在许多场景中具有巨大的应用价值。然而,非接触式的测量方法容易受到环境和受试者运动的影响。针对这些问题,本文提出了基于Transformer全局表达和CNN局部特征融合的非接触式心率检测模型(TC-Net)。本文搭建了一个并联的Transformer网络和CNN网络的TC-Net模型。本模型包括两个分支,CNN分支用于提取rPPG信号的局部区域特征,Transformer用于提取rPPG信号的全局表达。由于全局表达特征和局部特征两者特征长度不一,本文提出了特征交互模块,该模块通过卷积层和上下采样模块以对齐两个分支的特征长度。随后,TC-Net通过特征交互模块将局部特征和全局表达进行融合得到最终用于检测的特征向量。最后,在远程心率测量评估中最广泛使用基准之一MAHNOB-HCI数据集上进行对比验证,模型在误差偏差(MAE)、均方根误差(RMSE)和平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)等三个指标上都达到了最佳水平。因此,本文提出的非接触式心率检测模型TC-Net基于Transformer全局表达和CNN局部特征融合,具有较高的准确性和鲁棒性。此外,TC-Net仅由简单的几层卷积层和注意力层搭建而成,模型复杂度低,便于后续投入实际应用。