SIMPLIFIED ANALYSIS METHOD FOR ULTIMATE LOAD CAPACITY OF WEB PLATES OF BOX GIRDERS

The prosperous post buckling load capacity of web plates of box girders can be used.In this article,the post buckling behaviour of web plates of box girders under different loading conditions is theoretically analyzed and on the basis of domestic and overseas design codes of steel structures,the corresponding simplified analysis methods are put forward for the engineering design or code revision.It is proved that the simplified methods are safe,efficient and practicable through the comparison between several results.

Ultimate Load Capacity and Reinforcement of Circular-Hollow-Section N-Joint

Experimental research and numerical analysis were applied to study the ultimate load capacity(ULC) and reinforcement of circular-hollow-section N-joint.Four specimens were tested under static load.The ULC of each specimen was obtained and the detailed failure conditions were discussed.Based on the results, both welding a plate on the chord member and filling concrete in the chord member are effective to reinforce the N-joint, but it is suggested that these two methods should not be applied simultaneously.Mo...

Ultimate Load Capacity of Offshore Pipeline with Arbitrary Shape Corrosion Defects

A set of generalized solutions are proposed for estimating ultimate load capacity of pipeline with arbitrary corrosion shapes subjected to combined internal pressure, axial force and bending moment. Isotropic and anisotropic material characteristics in longitudinal and circumferential direction of pipeline are also considered in the proposed equations. Simplified numerical method is used to solve the generalized expressions. The comparisons of numerical results based generalized solutions and full-scale experimental results are carried out. The predicted results agree reasonably well with the experiment results. Meanwhile, the effects of corrosion shapes and locations on the ultimate load capacity are studied.

Evaluation of ultimate bearing capacity of Y-shaped vibro-pile

Based on Mindlin stress solution, a numerical computational method was proposed to calculate the stresses in the ground induced by side friction and the resistance of Y-shaped vibro-pile. The improved Terzaghi's and ЪерезанцевВГ's methods for ultimate bearing capacity evaluation were proposed by considering the stress strength induced by friction resistance at pile head level of Y-pile. A new method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of Y-pile was also proposed based on the assumptions of soil failure mode at the tip of Y-pile and the use of Mohr-Coulomb soil yield criterion and Vesic compressive correction coefficient with the induced stresses in the ground. Based on the comparisons with the field static load test results, it is found that the improved Terzaghi's method gives higher ultimate capacity, while the other two methods shows good agreement with the field results.

Research on the bearing capacity characteristics of initial support for horseshoe-shaped tunnel prefabrication

In view of the limited theoretical research on the load model of initial support for horseshoe-shaped prefabrication,this study focuses on the Luochuan Tunnel on the Xi'an-Yan'an newly built railway as the research object to explore its load model,load characteristic curve,plastic zone,deformation,and critical thickness.Theoretical research and numerical analysis were conducted.The results indicate that under the same boundary conditions,the ultimate bearing capacity of the prefabricated assembly initial support is higher than that of the shotcrete initial support,resulting in larger ultimate deformation capacity of the prefabricated assembly initial support.Based on numerical calculations,the ultimate deformation and critical thickness of the prefabricated initial lining for single-and double-track railway tunnels are obtained when buried at depths of 200,500,and 900 m in rock masses of classes Ⅲ,Ⅳ,and Ⅴ.

动荷载作用下隧道锚承载性能及影响因素敏感性分析

为了更加合理地评价悬索桥隧道式锚碇的承载能力,探究隧道锚在动荷载作用下的失效过程,借助有限差分软件建立数值模型,提取并分析接触面应力应变分布形式,并与静力作用下结果进行对比,建立不同工况研究锚塞体参数与动荷载参数对承载力的影响.研究结果表明,动荷载作用下,锚岩接触面应力与位移分布形式与静载类似,但幅值与增长速率明显大于静载状态,拱顶方向和右拱脚向位移增加幅度分别达到36%和112%,且二者在7倍静力荷载幅值作用下,达到其位移差异变化的“门槛值”0.30 mm;动荷载作用下,隧道锚的极限承载力随着锚塞体扩展角、长度以及间距的增加均有所增加,其几何参数敏感性排序由高到低为锚塞体长度、锚塞体扩展角、锚塞体间距,动荷载频率对承载力的影响较小,动荷载作用下隧道锚极限承载力出现明显降低,平均降低幅度约为21%.动荷载作用下隧道锚承载性能及影响因素的敏感性分析为实际工程中隧道锚极限承载力的优化设计提供了参考.

Experimental Study on Concrete Columns Confined by BFRP-PVC Tubes Under Uniaxial Loading

This paper presents an experimental study on the behavior of circular concrete columns reinforced by BFRP-PVC tubes under uniaxial loading.A total of six specimens were prepared and tested under uniaxial loading.The main parameters varied in the tests were strengthening ratio and strengthening approach of BFRP.The performance,such as failure modes,ultimate bearing capacity and stress-strain curves,was investigated in details and a formula was proposed to predict the compressive ultimate strength.The results show that this kind of confined columns obviously improves the ultimate bearing capacity,and the ultimate bearing capacity increases with the strengthening layers.The formula proposed is applicable and efficient for prediction of the ultimate bearing capacity as well.

Reinforcement Method of the Tubular Joints under Combined Loads Based on ANSYS Software

The jacket offshore platform structures working in the environment are subjected to various external conditions,such as wave loads,wind loads and corrosion of sea water.Therefore,the research on reinforcement of tubular joints has great practical value for the safety of offshore platforms.In this article,the finite element(FE)models of T-type tubular joint(T-joint)and K-type tubular joint(K-joint)are established by ANSYS software.Triangular rib reinforcement and collar plate reinforcement are used to reinforce the tubular joints.The reinforcement effects are assessed through the ultimate bearing capacity,and the influences of parameters of the rib and the collar plate on the ultimate capacity are analyzed.Besides,the effects of the two reinforcement methods are compared under the combined loads,and the results show that the reinforcement of the ribbed plate is more effective in resisting the deformation caused by bending moment,while the reinforcement of the collar plate is more effective to avoid the plastic damage caused by the axial pressure.

木塑空心柱轴压力学性能试验与有限元分析

为探究木塑复合材料用作低密度装配式建筑承重柱的可行性,通过材性测试和轴压试验评估共挤出木塑空心柱的轴压力学性能,并利用ABAQUS有限元分析软件模拟探究木塑空心柱壁厚、长细比和内置薄壁圆钢管壁厚对其极限承载力、变形能力和破坏模式的影响。模拟分析结果与试验测试数据高度一致,验证了模拟方法的有效性。试验研究表明,木塑空心柱主要通过局部压溃破坏,并表现出明显的弹塑性阶段。有限元分析结果表明,增加壁厚能提高木塑空心柱的初始刚度和极限承载力,其中8 mm厚度在成本、重量及承载能力方面具有最佳性价比。随着长细比的增加,木塑空心柱的承载力和刚度逐渐降低,破坏模式也从强度破坏转向失稳破坏。内置3 mm薄壁钢管显著增强了木塑空心柱的承载力和延性,其力学性能能够满足建筑对抗压承重构件的要求。

Simplified Algorithm for Out-of-Plane Critical Loads of CFST Solid-Rib Arch

The simplified algorithm for out-of-plane ultimate loadcarrying capacity of concrete-filled steel tubular( CFST) solid-rib arches under uniform vertical load was studied. The experimentally validated finite element model was developed. The out-of-plane equivalent length coefficients of solid-rib arches were obtained using out-of-plane elastic eigenvalue buckling analysis. Then the out-ofplane elastic stability coefficient was plotted against the normalized slenderness ratio,and the out-of-plane eigenvalue buckling load or elastic buckling capability of arches was calculated. Lastly effects of different parameters on the out-of-plane ultimate load-carrying capacity of CFST solid-rib arches were determined using geometric and material nonlinear finite element analysis, and a simplified algorithm was established by fitting the out-of-plane elastic-plastic stability coefficient and normalized slenderness ratio using PerryRobertson formula. Ratio of the elastic stability coefficient to the elastic-plastic counterpart was plotted against the out-of-plane normalized slenderness ratio,from which the out-of-plane elasticplastic ultimate load-carrying capacity was determined according to the corresponding elastic buckling load. Results show that the proposed simplified algorithm can accurately predict the out-of-plane eigenvalue buckling load and the elastic-plastic ultimate loadcarrying capacity of the CFST solid-rib arches.

轴力作用下焊接方管Π型节点的极限承载力分析

目前规范中还未规定Π型构造形式的方管节点承载力计算公式。该文在经过试验验证有限元分析准确性的基础上,基于两种方管不同区域的材料本构关系模型,利用Abaqus软件对85组在轴力作用下的节点进行了数值模拟,得到了方管Π型节点在轴力作用下的极限承载力。随后,通过参数化分析和多元回归,得出影响Π型节点极限承载力的因素以及修正的承载力计算公式。结果表明,支管-主管宽度比β对节点极限承载力和初始刚度影响较大,增大支管宽度,能够显著提高节点的极限承载力,支管上施加的荷载由主管上表面的抗弯、抗剪作用和主管侧壁共同承担,节点的破坏模式也取决于β;主管宽厚比2γ越大,意味着主管上翼缘和支管连接区域变得更加细长,降低了主管上翼缘的抗弯刚度,节点承载力和初始刚度因此降低;支管-主管高宽比η和支管间距g对节点极限承载力有一定影响,增大支管截面的高度和支管间隙,即增大了沿主管纵向方向的支管、主管相交区域,使得支管在主管翼缘更宽的区域传递荷载,节点的塑性区域更大,材料利用更充分,因此提高了节点的承载能力;支管-主管厚度比τ对节点极限承载力和初始刚度影响不大,支管的壁厚增加,提高了支管的承载力,但节点最终破坏是主管上翼缘达到屈服破坏而并非支管破坏,因此支管厚度的变化对节点承载能力影响不明显。根据有限元模型的分析结果,通过曲线拟合提出了计算方管Π型节点极限承载力的参数方程,并对该方程的准确性进行了评价,为这类节点的进一步研究和工程应用提供了参考。

考虑二次受力的UHPC加固RC墩偏压极限承载力

为揭示考虑二次受力UHPC加固桥墩偏压受力的损伤机理和极限状态,设计制作了UHPC加固RC墩和未加固墩构件,并进行了相应的试验研究和理论分析,并与未加固墩进行了比较。开展了考虑二次受力的UHPC增大截面法加固RC桥墩的小偏压试验,研究了不同初始受力条件下加固墩的破坏模式和极限承载力。结合有限元模型讨论了UHPC抗压强度、加固层的厚度和配筋率对极限承载力的影响。根据极限状态下的受力特性和平衡关系,推导了UHPC加固RC墩偏压极限承载力计算公式。结果表明:UHPC搭配钢筋网加固墩小偏压承载力与未加固墩相比,提升幅度达到了183%以上。UHPC强度对试件极限承载力的影响较大,UHPC厚度增大对加固试件承载力提高也较明显,加固层配筋率对构件承载力的提高影响较小。初始荷载的增大会降低原墩的混凝土利用率,降低加固墩的极限承载力。所提出考虑二次受力公式的计算承载力与实测值误差在3%之内,与有限元计算值误差在8%之内,具有较高的计算精度。研究结果可以为UHPC加固RC墩偏压承载力计算提供理论依据。

窄幅钢箱-UHPC组合梁负弯矩下抗弯性能试验研究

为改善钢-混凝土组合梁负弯矩下的受力性能,提出一种新型窄幅钢箱-超高性能混凝土(UHPC)组合梁。通过6根试验梁的反向静力加载试验,得到试验梁受力全过程跨中荷载-挠度、荷载-应变、荷载-最大裂缝宽度关系曲线、裂缝发生发展及破坏形态等,基于简化塑性理论推导出了组合梁极限抗弯承载力计算公式。结果表明:窄幅钢箱-UHPC组合梁在负弯矩下具有良好的受力性能;提高配筋率、钢纤维掺量和UHPC相对板厚都可在一定程度上改善组合梁延性,提高其极限抗弯承载力;翼板配筋率对承载力影响较大,配筋率由1%增加至2%时,其极限抗弯承载力提高了15%;钢纤维掺量和UHPC相对板厚对初始开裂荷载影响较大,钢纤维掺量从1%增加到2%时,初始开裂荷载提高32%,UHPC相对板厚由0增加到0.5时,初始开裂荷载提高56%;增加钢纤维掺量和UHPC相对板厚可有效控制裂缝宽度,减少结构主裂缝数量,改善组合梁耐久性;组合梁极限抗弯承载力计算公式计算值与试验值吻合较好,表明塑性理论适用于窄幅钢箱-UHPC组合梁的承载力计算。

火灾后高强钢管混凝土柱轴压的参数化分析

为研究不同参数对火灾后高强钢管混凝土柱受轴压时的性能影响,利用ABAQUS有限元软件模拟火灾后高强钢管混凝土柱轴压模型,对该构件以钢管屈服强度、受火时间、混凝土强度为主要参数进行承载力-位移曲线分析,并剖析火灾后高强钢管混凝土柱典型曲线。结果表明:随着钢管屈服强度和混凝土强度增大,构件极限承载力增大;随着受火时间增加构件极限承载力出现下降趋势;从整体上看,受火时间分别为60、90、120 min时,构件中的混凝土承担主要载荷。

磷石膏掺量对钢管混凝土力学性能的影响

通过正交试验研究了粉煤灰掺量(10%、15%、20%、25%)、矿粉掺量(15%、20%、25%、30%)、磷石膏掺量(0、2%、4%、6%)对混凝土抗压强度的影响,优选出了最佳掺量,在此基础上,研究了磷石膏掺量(0、2%、4%、6%)对钢管混凝土轴压性能的影响。结果表明:当粉煤灰、矿粉、磷石膏的掺量分别为10%、20%、2%时,混凝土的28 d抗压强度最大;随着磷石膏掺量的增加,钢管混凝土试件的极限承载力先增大后减小,最佳掺量为2%,此时,钢管混凝土试件受压破坏后的横向变形不明显。

焊接锚垫板锚固区传力性能试验与拉压杆模型分析

铸造锚垫板作为铁路桥梁后张预应力锚固体系中重要传力构件,存在易发生脆性破坏、生产过程能耗高、质量参差不齐等问题。为进一步提高锚固体系结构性能,避免铸造锚垫板的缺陷,设计了一种新型环保焊接锚垫板。按照有关国家标准的要求,制作了11个应用该新型锚垫板的钢筋混凝土试件,开展锚固区传力性能试验,通过试件的破坏过程、破坏形态和极限承载力等方面探究新型锚垫板的力学性能。其次,构建反映混凝土锚固区力流传递的拉压杆模型,并依据新型锚垫板锚固区有限元分析及力流线分析对拉压杆模型的构形进行优化。最后,利用拉压杆模型推导出锚固区极限承载力公式。结果表明:在循环荷载作用下,新型锚垫板试件的传力性能试验结果满足规范要求,极限承载力的试验值比规范理论计算值高4%~18%,且试件破坏时新型锚垫板仅产生局部翘曲,未发生脆性破坏;随着新型锚垫板锚固区压应力扩散角的减小,锚固区承载力增大,且压应力扩散角均值为39.7°;新型锚垫板锚固区极限承载力公式计算结果与试验结果基本吻合,平均误差为2.73%,为焊接锚垫板极限承载力计算提供了一种新方法。

海洋纤维增强热塑性立管极限承载拉力预测方法

海洋新型纤维增强热塑性立管因其可盘卷、耐腐蚀、耐疲劳和轻质化等优点,在深水油气开发中应用前景十分广阔。热塑性立管具有复合材料的各向异性、受力耦合效应及复杂的本构关系,且承受浮体运动和复杂海洋环境载荷,其失效模式尚未明确。针对轴对称载荷作用下纤维增强热塑性立管极限承载力问题,进行热塑性管稳态热传导和热应力的理论推导,求解了稳态温度和应力分布,首次给出了在任意温度载荷作用下管体径向位移的解析解,并直接求解其径向、轴向、环向和剪切应力。采用各向同性层Von Mises和各向异性层最大应力(Max Stress)准则或Tsai-Hill准则判定热塑性管的失效,基于应力分布、失效准则和二分法计算了热塑性管的极限载荷。温度载荷、纤维铺设角度和径厚比对管道的应力分布影响显著。不同温度载荷会改变失效指数沿径向的变化趋势,增大轴向拉力将增大热塑性管的失效指数,选用不同的失效准则在管体失效判定上存在一定的差异。热塑性管温度越低、纤维铺设角越小及径厚比越大,管道对轴向拉伸载荷的承载能力越强。

氯盐环境下波形钢腹板组合箱梁剩余承载力研究

为探索氯盐环境下波形钢腹板组合箱梁的性能退化导致桥梁承载力下降的问题,基于相关预测模型建立了混凝土的时变模型和不同锈蚀程度的钢筋以及钢材的本构关系,并将其引入数值模拟中建立波形钢腹板组合箱梁的时变劣化模型,研究了波形钢腹板组合箱梁在不同年限下的极限承载力和界面滑移。研究结果表明:波形钢腹板组合箱梁的极限承载力在寿命期的前10年稍微有所上升,之后极限承载力的前期下降幅度比较大,后期下降幅度较小,在70年时下降率已经超过了28.6%;在发生破坏前其界面均未出现较大滑移值。因此在波形钢腹板组合箱梁中采用Twin-PBL剪力键是合理可行的。

支座底板直连接型焊接空心半球节点受力性能试验研究及分析

为研究支座底板直连接型焊接空心半球节点在受拉压状态下的力学性能,设计制作了8个试件。通过试验和有限元分析方法,获得了节点的破坏模式、荷载-位移曲线和荷载-应变曲线。结果表明,受压工况下试件的破坏模式为半球先屈服支管后屈服、支管屈服和半球表面屈服,受拉工况下为半球先屈服后支管与半球相交处半球表面产生裂纹。节点承载力随半球直径、半球壁厚、支管直径及受力工况的不同而改变,受支管壁厚影响较小。在受力过程中,支管分别承受拉压力的节点试件在支管与半球相交区域的测点最先进入屈服状态,其余加载工况下试件最不利位置均为半球顶部。基于对218个有限元模型在受压和受拉工况下的参数化分析,非线性拟合提出了节点极限承载力计算公式,并考虑了加劲肋对节点承载力的影响,给出承载力提高系数。

偏心载荷作用下弯管组合段局部屈曲失效分析

为研究弯管组合段在复杂载荷作用下的屈曲行为,提出1种基于远场应变评估管道稳定性的方法,利用数值模拟方法,建立偏心载荷作用下弯管组合段有限元模型,确定临界屈曲状态下管道的极限载荷及应变状态,并研究内压、壁厚以及载荷分布对弯管组合段极限承载能力与极限应变能力的影响。研究结果表明:内压增加或壁厚减少都会降低管道的极限承载能力,均布载荷增加与非均布载荷减少会增强管道抵抗屈曲能力;距离褶皱中心为0.21 D的远场应变可以作为管道临界屈曲应变,其极限压缩应变值为0.5%。研究结果可为复杂载荷下弯管组合段的稳定性评估提供参考。