Synergistic effect of gradient Zn content and multiscale particles on the mechanical properties of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys with coupling distribution of coarse-fine grains

This study investigated the influence of graded Zn content on the evolution of precipitated and iron-rich phases and grain struc-ture of the alloys,designed and developed the Al–8.0Zn–1.5Mg–1.5Cu–0.2Fe(wt%)alloy with high strength and formability.With the increase of Zn content,forming the coupling distribution of multiscale precipitates and iron-rich phases with a reasonable matching ratio and dispersion distribution characteristics is easy.This phenomenon induces the formation of cell-like structures with alternate distribu-tion of coarse and fine grains,and the average plasticity–strain ratio(characterizing the formability)of the pre-aged alloy with a high strength is up to 0.708.Results reveal the evolution and influence mechanisms of multiscale second-phase particles and the corresponding high formability mechanism of the alloys.The developed coupling control process exhibits considerable potential,revealing remarkable improvements in the room temperature formability of high-strength Al–Zn–Mg–Cu alloys.

国产Zn-5%Al-混合稀土合金镀层高钒封闭索丝耐久性研究

以国家速滑馆首次应用的国产Zn-5%Al-混合稀土合金镀层高钒封闭索丝为研究对象,对其使用性能、基本特性及耐久性等进行研究。采用了国家速滑馆内部高空索体实际服役环境处的大气暴露试验方式,综合考虑索在加工安装过程中易产生的损伤,对索丝试件进行了划痕、刮擦、焊点的预制缺陷设计,研究了含预制缺陷的国产Zn-5%Al-稀土合金镀层高钒封闭索丝在真实使用环境中的大气腐蚀行为规律,并采用力学性能测试研究了索丝在服役环境大气腐蚀作用下的力学性能变化规律及不同缺陷对力学性能的影响。结果表明,加工安装过程中在索丝表面合金镀层产生的划痕、刮擦、焊点等损伤,会破坏合金镀层的完整性。大气暴露试验和力学性能试验中,三类缺陷对索丝金属镀层防大气腐蚀性能和单丝抗拉强度均有负面影响,其中焊点缺陷影响最大,单丝抗拉强度下降约40%。

Microstructures and mechanical properties of high strength Mg-Zn-Mn alloy

The microstructures and mechanical properties of a new Mg-6%Zn-1%Mn(mass fraction) wrought magnesium alloy were studied,which could be extruded smoothly at 310-330℃with a complete dynamic recrystallization.After solution treatment one and two-step aging techniques were used.All as-aged microstructures contained two types of dispersed phases:β' phases and pureα-Mn particles.The two-step aging had a better strengthening effect than the traditional one-step aging,and the strength value achieved by the two-step aging could reach that of the ZK60 wrought magnesium alloy.The outstanding precipitation strengthening effect of the alloy should be attribute to the GP zones,diffusive solute-rich zones and some metastable phases formed during the first step aging that provide more effective nuclei for Mg-Zn strengthening phases during the second step aging.

FEATURE OF SERRATED YIELDING IN HIGH STRENGTH Al-Zn-Mg-Cu ALLOY

The temperature dependence of critical strain for serrated yielding in high strength A1-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy may be divided into two temperature regions.Their temperature coefficients of critical strain will be negative and positive,respectively.

热喷涂高铝含量Zn-Al合金涂层热带岛礁大气环境腐蚀行为研究

目的 研究Zn-Al合金涂层在热带海洋大气环境中的腐蚀行为,为低合金钢长效防护涂层的选用提供依据。方法 采用电弧热喷涂和高铝合金丝制备高铝含量Zn-Al合金涂层,通过户外暴露试验,采用目视、扫描电镜及能谱仪、金相显微镜、XRD、电化学交流阻抗谱和动电位极化曲线等方法,对不同暴露周期的涂层宏观、微观表面形貌、成分组成、截面形貌、腐蚀产物组成、电化学性能和腐蚀速率等进行观察、测试。结果Zn-Al合金涂层是以质量比为50%:50%的Zn/Al合金组成。在0~540 d周期内,涂层腐蚀产物主要由碱式锌铝碳酸盐化合物Zn_(6)Al_(2)(OH)_(16)CO_(3)·H_(2)O和羟基锌铝碳酸盐化合物Zn_(0.70)Al_(0.30)(OH)_(2)(CO_(3))_(0.15)·x H_(2)O、Zn_(0.71)Al_(0.29)(OH)_(2)(CO_(3))_(0.145)·x H_(2)O等组成,其对涂层孔隙进行填充。相对于初始涂层,180、360、540 d腐蚀后,涂层的极化电阻增加1个数量级,自腐蚀电位增加了约200 m V,自腐蚀电流密度降低至30%左右。结论 该Zn-Al合金涂层在腐蚀后保持较低且稳定的腐蚀速率,具有较好的耐腐蚀性能,致密且黏性的腐蚀产物对涂层孔隙起到了自封闭作用,显著提高了涂层的耐蚀性。

Al-Zn体系高压扭转过程中的相变机理

本工作对常温不互溶的Al-Zn体系进行了高压扭转下的机械合金化研究。将0.03 mm厚的纯Al和纯Zn交替堆叠,在3 GPa的压力下进行50圈的高压扭转处理。结果表明,高压扭转处理的Al-Zn合金中产生两种类型的相变,即晶体到非晶的相变,以及密排六方到面心立方的相变。局部高密度位错可能是Al-Zn合金从晶态转变到非晶态的主要原因,而HCP→FCC相变则归因为密排面原子沿晶界产生的Shockley不全位错的滑动。此外,本工作为深入研究Al-Zn合金的固态相变提供了一种新的途径,为提高铝锌合金的力学性能提供了新的思路。

Microstructure investigation of a new type super high strength aluminum alloy at different heat-treated conditions

As a structural material with low density and high strength, super-highstrength aluminum alloys have a future for wide application. However, its poor stress corrosionresistance (SCC) restricts further development. In present, retrogression and re-ageing (RRA)treatment, which can improve both strength and SCCR of 7XXX series alloy, is a best method to solvethis problem. The effect of RRA treatment on the microstructure evolution of a new type lowfrequency electric-magnetic casting Al-9.OZn-2.45Mg-2.2Cu-0.15Zr alloy was investigated using DSCand TEM technologies. The results show that the typical microstructure of the alloy at T6 conditionis characterized by both fine eta' and GP zone homogeneously distributed in the matrix andcontinuous r) particles occurred on the grain-boundary. After RRA treatment, the matrixprecipitations are mainly fine and dispersed eta' and eta phases, being coarser and more stable thanthat from T6 temper. While, the grain-boundary microstructure is very close to that resulting fromT73 temper. High retrogression temperature and long retrogression time leads to a more stablemicrostructure after re-ageing.

Effect of high-temperature pre-precipitation on mechanical properties and stress corrosion cracking of Al-Zn-Mg alloys

In order to improve the stress corrosion cracking resistance of the weldable Al Zn Mg alloys with medium strength, the near solvus pre precipitation following high temperature solution treatment was performed on LC52 and 7039 aluminum alloys. The effect of the pre precipitation on the microstructure, age hardening and stress corrosion cracking of LC52 and 7039 alloy was investigated. The results show that the near solvus pre precipitation can be limited on grain boundary and can enhance the discontinuity of grain boundary precipitates. The stress corrosion cracking resistance of aged Al Zn Mg alloys can be improved with non deteriorated strength and plasticity via pre precipitation.

Tensile and high-cycle fatigue properties of spray formed Al10.8Zn2.9Mg1.9Cu alloys after two-stage aging treatment

Based on the investigation of the tensile properties of spray formed ultra-high strength Al10.8Zn2.9Mg1.9Cu alloys, the high-cycle fatigue properties under different theoretical stress concentration factors were investigated, the fatigue fracture surfaces and microstructures were observed, and the fatigue mechanism was discussed. The results indicate that the ultimate tensile strength of spray formed Al10.8Zn2.9Mg1.9Cu alloys can reach up to 730?740 MPa, and the elongation is about 8%?10% under the condition of two-stage aging treatment. For the stress ratio is 0.1, the maximum stress for 107 cycles is over 400 MPa and 120 MPa, when the theoretical stress concentration factor is 1 and 3, respectively.

Effect of Yb addition on strength and fracture toughness of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr aluminum alloy

The effect of Yb addition on the strength and fracture toughness of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr aluminum alloy was investigated by measuring tensile properties and fracture toughness.The surface morphology was observed by optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.The results show that Yb addition can produce fine coherent Yb contained dispersoids.Those dispersoids trend to inhibit Al matrix recrystallization and retain the recovery deformed microstructure.Compared with Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr alloy,Yb contained alloy demonstrates mechanical property improvements from 710 MPa to 747 MPa for ultimate strength,from 684 MPa to 725 MPa for yield strength,from 21 MPa.m1/2 to 29 MPa.m1/2 for fracture toughness with T6 treatment.

均匀化退火工艺对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr高强合金第二相的影响

研究了不同工艺均匀化退火过程中Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金中组织、低熔点结晶相和弥散相的演变规律。结果表明:铸态Al-Zn-Mg-Cu高强铝合金中主要结晶相为AlMgZnCu四元相,均匀化退火后该相部分消除。均匀化退火过程中,随着温度的提高及时间的延长,合金中的非平衡结晶相逐渐溶解,未溶结晶相的体积分数降低。弥散相Al3Zr的尺寸及分布取决于均匀化退火过程中的升温速度,在缓慢升温条件下,弥散相Al3Zr的尺寸细小,分布比较弥散,密度高,合金的电导率最低;随着升温速度提高,Al3Zr相的析出数量减少,尺寸增加,析出相的密度降低,合金的电导率升高。二段均匀化退火后,弥散相Al3Zr的尺寸更加细小,密度更高,平均直径为15 nm,密度为1.27×10^(15)/cm^(3)。

超高强Ti-15Mo-2.7Nb-3Al-0.2Si钛合金的强化行为及模型

基于XRD、OM、SEM和TEM分析,研究超高强Ti-15Mo-2.7Nb-3Al-0.2Si钛合金的组织演变及强化行为。结果表明,位错强化和析出强化效应对该合金的屈服强度影响较大。冷轧+再结晶+冷轧+双时效组合工艺可获得1518 MPa的最高屈服强度,这主要归因于显微组织中的高密度残存位错及密集而细小的次生α相。建立复合强化模型,其预测误差在16.6%以内。此外,研究发现次生α相体积分数的增加可以不断强化晶内区域,这使得沿晶断裂开始出现并逐渐占据整个断裂面。

Zn含量对Al-xZn-1.5Mg-1.0Cu合金淬火敏感性的影响

通过浸入式末端淬火与室温拉伸实验,结合相图和时间-温度-转化率(TTT)曲线、差示扫描量热分析及扫描电镜、透射电镜等手段,研究了Zn含量(6.00%~9.08%,质量分数)对Al-xZn-1.5Mg-1.0Cu合金淬火敏感性的影响。结果表明:当淬火速率从200℃/s减小至70℃/s时,Zn含量为8.10%的合金(8Zn alloy)的淬火敏感性最高,Zn含量为6.00%的合金(6Zn alloy)其次,Zn含量分别为7.09%和9.08%的合金(7Zn alloy,9Zn alloy)的淬火敏感性相当且最低;当淬火速率进一步降低时,Zn含量为9.08%的合金(9Zn alloy)的淬火敏感性快速提高;当淬火速率低于约32℃/s时,随着Zn含量从6.00%增加到7.09%,淬火敏感性基本保持不变;然后随着Zn含量从8.10%增加到9.08%,合金的淬火敏感性迅速增加。结合电导率和淬火诱导相面积分数的结果,从淬火诱导相的析出驱动力和形核位置及数量差异的角度,对Zn含量影响淬火敏感性的机理进行了分析讨论。

镁含量对高锌Al-9Zn-xMg-1Cu合金时效沉淀相及其强化作用的影响

采用硬度测试和室温拉伸测试,结合透射电镜、高分辨透射电镜及几何相位分析技术,定量研究了Mg含量(1%~3%,质量分数)对高锌Al-9Zn-xMg-1Cu合金在120℃人工时效时沉淀相的影响,并探讨了强化作用。结果表明:当Mg含量从1%增至2%时,合金的屈服强度大幅增加,增加率约为37.7%;当Mg含量继续增至3%时,合金的屈服强度小幅增加,增加率仅为9.1%。Al-9Zn-1Mg-1Cu合金的强化相为η’相,Al-9Zn-2Mg-1Cu和Al-9Zn-3Mg-1Cu合金的强化相都为η’相和T’相。T’相引起的应变大于η’相,其强化效果更好;Mg含量变化对两种强化相引起的最大应变值影响不大。随着Mg含量增加,η’相的体积分数、数量密度及其比例减小,T’相的变化则相反,沉淀相的总数量密度和体积分数增大。基于η’相和T’相的尺寸、体积分数和数量密度,计算和分析了它们对沉淀强化的贡献,计算结果与实验结果基本一致。

Y元素对超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和室温拉伸力学性能测试等手段研究了Y元素对超高强Al-9Zn-2.5Mg-2Cu(wt.%)合金铸态和T6热处理态微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:Y元素的添加能够细化铸态合金晶粒,降低晶界第二相的连续性;经轧制变形和T6热处理后,随着Y元素含量的提高,合金的强度呈先升高后降低的趋势。当Y元素添加量为0.2%时,性能优秀,其屈服强度为590.1 MPa,极限抗拉强度为622.7 MPa,伸长率为10.44%。

Microstructure and properties of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy pre-stretched plate under various ageing conditions

The microstructures after various ageing treatments and their relation to the strength, fracture toughness, and corrosion behavior of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy pre-stretched plate were investigated. The results show that retrogression and reaging （RRA） treatment led to a combination of high strength and stress corrosion cracking （SCC） resistance of the alloy. The TEM microstructure of the RRA-treated alloy is a distribution of very fine precipitates in the aluminum matrix grains, similar to that obtained under T6 condition, and the distribution of coarse η MgZn2 precipitates on the grain boundaries similar to that obtained by T7 temper. SEM observations revealed that most of the intergranular fracture characteristics were present on the fracture surface of both the T6 and RRA-treated specimens. On the contrary, the fractographs of the T7 treated specimens mainly consisted of dimple-type ductile transgranular fracture with minor intergranular cracking.

超高速激光熔化扫描速度对Al-Mg-Sc高强铝合金性能的影响

为了明确超高速激光熔化沉积Al-Mg-Sc高强铝合金的沉积态组织及力学性能特征,以7075铝合金为基体,采用自主开发的LDF3000-40型激光熔化沉积设备制备Al-Mg-Sc高强铝合金,探究激光扫描速度对材料微观组织与室温拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:超高速激光熔化沉积样品均无明显裂纹,但含有少量小尺寸气孔。沉积态组织由细小的α-Al等轴晶及弥散分布的Al_(3)(Sc,Zr)颗粒构成。利用数值模拟进一步研究扫描速度对力学性能的影响,发现在0.1~1 m/s范围内,较高的激光扫描速度能减少粉末材料的堆积,降低沉积层表面的孔隙率,因此可以提高力学性能。沉积态样品最大抗拉强度为303 MPa,断裂伸长率为22.5%。

高压扭转过程中不混溶Al/Zn体系的机械合金化和相变

通过高压扭转工艺(HPT)对两个半圆盘的纯铝和纯锌进行合金化处理以及合金化后的退火处理(PDA)。通过扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和分子动力学(MD)模拟研究Al-Zn合金的微观结构演变过程。结果表明,高压扭转处理的Al/Zn组件由纳米晶相和非晶相混合组成。变形产生的(0001)Al//(111)Zn特殊晶面取向促进了原子扩散,高固溶度的钉扎效应使位错密度达到2.17×10^(17)m^(-2)。Al-Zn合金中的晶体向非晶的转变可能主要归因于纳米晶、高扩散度和高局部位错密度。此外,结果表明,退火后结构呈现150~250 nm和500~900 nm的双峰粒度分布,并且在后续的PDA中晶界处出现锌原子富集。这种异质微观结构使材料的伸长率达到160%,展现出优良的塑性。

Research and development of hot-rolled ultra-high strength steel at Baosteel

The effects of the composition and cooling process on the microstructures and properties of hot-rolled ultra-high strength low alloy （HSLA） steel, complex phase steel and martensite steel were studied in the laboratory. And S700MC and MP1200 ultra-high strength steels were trial produced at the 1 880 mm hot-rolling line of Baosteel. Compared with conventional hot-rolled high strength products,the idea that water is alloy was applied in the newly developed hot-rolled ultra-high strength steel. By the use of the economical composition design and controlled cooling after hot-rolling effectively,ultra-high strength steel of different steel grades can be obtained.

AlTi3BC细化剂对Al-9.5Si-4Zn-2.5Cu高强压铸铝合金组织性能的影响

利用扫描电镜(SEM)、光学显微镜和万能试验机等手段,研究添加不同比例的晶粒细化剂AlTi3BC对Al-9.5Si-4Zn-2.5Cu高强压铸铝合金的力学性能及微观组织的影响。结果显示,适量的晶粒细化剂AlTi3BC对高强压铸铝合金细化效果显著,明显改善α-Al与共晶Si的形貌,使组织更加均匀。对直径为6.4 mm的试样,添加质量分数为5%的晶粒细化剂AlTi3BC,其抗拉强度提升16 MPa,断后伸长率由3.23%提升到3.95%;对厚度约2 mm的手机中板添加质量分数为0.5%的晶粒细化剂AlTi3BC,其断裂力提升42 N,断裂位移由4.10 mm提升到6.5 mm。