Ultrasound-assisted extraction of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L.(Mexican variety) husk

Objective: To reach the recovery and identification of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds from Nephelium lappaceum L.(Mexican variety) husk using ultrasound-assisted extraction and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry as well as the in vitro antioxidant activity. Methods: Rambutan husk extracts were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction, mass/volume ratio, water/ethanol percentage and extraction time were evaluated. Once the best extraction condition of polyphenolic compounds was defined, a polyphenolic fraction was recovered using Ambetlite XAD-16. The total content of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds was determined by summation of the total hydrolysable polyphenol and total condensed polyphenol contents. Recovered compounds were identified by FTIR(ATR) spectroscopy and HPLC/ESI/MS. The antioxidant activity was carried out by ABTS, DPPH and lipid oxidation inhibition in vitro methods. Results: In Mexican variety rambutan husk, the total polyphenolic content was 487.67 mg/g, after ultrasound-assisted extraction. According to the HPLC/ESI/MS analysis 12 antioxidant polyphenolic compounds were identified, mostly ellagitannins such as geraniin, corilagin and ellagic acid. The antioxidant activity determined by ABTS, DPPH and lipid oxidation inhibition methods was demonstrated. The main functional groups of the identified compounds were determined by FTIR analysis. Conclusions: It was demonstrated that ultrasound-assisted extraction was effective and allowed the extraction and recovery of antioxidant polyphenolic compounds. Furthermore Mexican variety rambutan husk is an important source for recovering polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant activity, these compounds have potential application for the treatment/prevention of various diseases related to cancer and pathogenic microorganisms.

Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration and useful ancillary methods

The role of endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) in evaluating pancreatic pathology has been well documented from the beginning of its clinical use. High spatial resolution and the close proximity to the evaluated organs within the mediastinum and abdominal cavity allow detection of small focal lesions and precise tissue acquisition from suspected lesions within the reach of this method. Fine needle aspiration(FNA) is considered of additional value to EUS and is performed to obtain tissue diagnosis. Tissue acquisition from suspected lesions for cytological or histological analysis allows, not only the differentiation between malignant and non-malignant lesions, but, in most cases, also the accurate distinction between the various types of malignant lesions. It is well documented that the best results are achieved only if an adequate sample is obtained for further analysis, if the material is processed in an appropriate way, and if adequate ancillary methods are performed. This is a multi-step process and could be quite a challenge in some cases. In this article, we discuss the technical aspects of tissue acquisition by EUS-guided-FNA(EUS-FNA), as well as the role of an on-site cytopathologist, various means of specimen processing, and the selection of the appropriate ancillary method for providing an accurate tissue diagnosis and maximizing the yield of this method. The main goal of this review is to alert endosonographers, not only to the different possibilities of tissue acquisition, namely EUS-FNA, but also to bring to their attention the importance of proper sample processing in the evaluation of various lesions in the gastrointestinal tract and other accessible organs. All aspects of tissue acquisition(needles, suction, use of stylet, complications, etc.) have been well discussed lately. Adequate tissue samples enable comprehensive diagnoses, which answer the main clinical questions, thus enabling targeted therapy.

Thermal Properties of Crosslinking Modified Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fibers by Ultra-Violet Irradiation

By means of ultra-violet(UV)irradiation with photoini-tiator and multifunctional crosslinking agent,thecrosslinking modification of ultrahigh molecular weightpolyethylene(UHMWPE)fibers prepared by gel-spin-ning was carried out.Thermal properties of fiber sampleswere examined using differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermomechanical analysis(TMA)apparatusand a manual device.The results indicated that the opti-mal irradiation energy is 250-400 mJ/cm^2,heat-andcreep-resistant behaviors of modified fibers have beenimproved.

Comparisons,processing and interpretation of the surveyed data by GMS-06 and other magnetotelluric sounding sys-tems

In recent years, the data collecting and processing of magnetotelluric sounding （MT） have progressed greatly. How to improve the quality of field surveyed data and obtain the high quality parameters such as apparent resistivity and phase is the most important link during the overall flow. It is closely related to the signal-to-noise ratio of magnetic sensors, the resolution of data collecting units and relevant processing methods as well. Produced by Germany Metronix Measurement Instruments and Electronics Ltd., the new type multi-channel geophysical measurement system GMS-06 was already adopted and used by domeslic units such as Institute of Geology and Geophysics of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Tongji University. Based on the brief introduction of GMS-06, this paper will give the comparisons and analyses of the synchronous surveyed MT data by GMS-06, MMS-03 MT system which was also produced by Metronix and V5-2000 MT system produced by Canada Phoenix Geophysics Ltd.. Then the preliminary processing and interpretation results of the long period MT data observed by GMS-06 in the area of Shanghai and Zhejiang are also discussed in the paper.

TORCH联合血清β-hCG、AFP、uE3检测诊断超声软指标异常胎儿价值

目的:探究TORCH联合血清人绒膜促性腺激素(β-hCG)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)和游离雌三醇(uE3)检测对超声软指标异常胎儿产前诊断价值。方法:选取2021年7月-2023年12月于本院产前检查胎儿超声软指标异常的孕妇324例(300例单项软指标异常、24例≥2项软指标异常)纳入异常组,产前检查健康产妇300例纳入对照组。均行TORCH血清学检测,测定血清AFP、freeβ-hCG及uE3水平。对比两组血清TORCH、β-hCG、AFP和uE3检测结果;对比不同软指标异常组血清TORCH、β-hCG、AFP和uE3检测结果;ROC分析TORCH联合血清β-hCG、AFP和uE3对超声软指标异常胎儿产前诊断价值。结果:与对照组相比,异常组血清TORCH阳性率、β-hCG、AFP水平更高,血清uE3水平更低(均P<0.05);与单项软指标异常组相比,多项软指标异常组血清TORCH阳性率、β-hCG、AFP更高,血清uE3水平更低(均P<0.05);ROC工作曲线结果显示,血清TORCH、β-hCG、AFP和uE3联合检测诊断超声软指标异常孕妇的AUC分别为0.927,显著高于指标单独检测,且敏感度和特异度均较高,分别为90.00%和92.59%。结论:对产前检查孕妇行血清TORCH联合β-hCG、AFP和uE3检测,有助于提升超声软指标异常胎儿的产前诊断率,可为临床提供一种准确有效的诊断方法。

ARFI-VTQ技术定量评价下肢肌间静脉单纯扩张与急性期血栓的探讨

目的 探讨ARFI-VTQ技术对下肢肌间静脉单纯扩张与急性期血栓的定量分析能力。方法 选取单纯下肢肌间静脉扩张患者29例(30肢)作为肌间静脉扩张组,单纯下肢肌间静脉急性期血栓患者29例(41肢)作为急性期血栓组,分析两组二维及多普勒声像图特征,并分别行ARFI-VTQ检查,获得两组患者各自SWV测值,比较两组患者测值差异性;绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),获得区分下肢肌间静脉单纯扩张与急性期血栓的最佳结果。结果 肌间静脉扩张组超声检查表现:管腔内呈无回声,部分自发显影,呈流沙样改变;管腔可被压闭,挤压后可见血流信号显示;SWV测值0.84~1.59 m/s,平均(1.32±0.17)m/s,取样深度2.0~3.5 cm,平均(2.64±0.41)cm。急性期血栓组超声检查表现:管腔内呈极低回声或低回声;管腔不可压闭,无血流信号或少许血流信号;SWV测值1.54~2.41 m/s,平均(1.86±0.19)m/s,取样深度0.9~3.6 cm,平均(2.43±0.59)cm。绘制ROC曲线,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)99.5%(95%CI:0.985-1.000,P<0.001),以1.60 m/s为截断值,ARFI-VTQ技术诊断急性期血栓的灵敏度为95.0%,特异度为100%。结论 ARFI-VTQ技术能够定量分析单纯肌间静脉扩张与急性期肌间静脉血栓,在两者的鉴别诊断方面具有良好的敏感度及特异度。

Comparison of Intraoperative Ultrasound Pachymetry and Postoperative Optical Coherence Tomography of Anterior Segment in the Measurement of Flap Thickness in Eyes Receiving Laser in situ Keratomileusis

Purpose:To compare the measurement of flap thickness using intraoperative ultrasound pachymetry and postoperative visante anterior segment optical coherence tomography (Visante-OCT) in eyes receiving laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Methods: Seventeen patients (34 eyes) received LASIK using a Technolas-217Z100 laser and AMADEUSⅡ mechanical microkeratome(140 μm head). Flap thickness was assessed with an ultrasound pachymeter intraoperatively and a Visante-OCT postoperatively at 1 week and 1 month. Results: The intraoperative mean flap thickness by ultrasound pachymetry was (124±13.9) μm (range: 96.5 to 160 μm), and mean flap thickness by Visante-OCT was (145±7.13) μm (range: 130 to 158 μm) and (143±5.32) μm (range: 132 to 155 μm) postoperatively at 1 week and 1 month respectively (F=63.52,P<0.01). Intraoperative subtraction pachymetry underestimated flap thickness compared with postoperative Visante-OCT.(P<0.01)..There was no significant difference between postoperative Visante-OCT measurements at 1 week and 1 month after LASIK.(P=0.16). The 95% limit of agreement.(LoA).of flap thickness between ultrasound Visante-OCT and pachymetry was -5.40 to 42.10 μm. Conclusion: OCT overestimates flap thickness compared with intraoperative ultrasound pachymetry when using the AMADEUSⅡ mechanical microkeratome.

Manufacturing of Ultra-high Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fiber Reinforced Tape and the Loss of Strength

Due to the low density and excellent mechanical proper-ties,high performance fiber reinforced materials have aconsiderable application in the area of high technologyand dally usage.In this paper,the Ultra-high Molecu-lar Weight Polyethylene(UHMWPE)fiber reinforcedPE tape prepared with the method of powder impregnat-ion was studied.The effect of impregnate length and thetensile force of the yarn on the fiber content as well as on the strength and modulus of the tape were discussed.Calculation shows that the strength and the modulus ofthe ULMWPE fiber can keep about 85％ after it undergothe process.

敲除CISH敲入并IL-15显著增强NK细胞抗肿瘤活性的研究

背景白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-15是调节自然杀伤细胞(natural killer cell,NK细胞)功能的关键细胞因子,而CISH可负向调控IL-15信号通路,从而影响NK细胞功能。靶向CISH基因和IL-15基因对NK细胞进行基因编辑,可增强NK细胞抗肿瘤活性。目的探讨CISH基因、IL-15基因对NK细胞的细胞毒性的影响。方法采用AsCas12a Ultra基因编辑工具敲除CISH基因,并敲入IL-15基因,对NK细胞进行基因编辑,并通过基因测序检测CISH基因敲除效率,采用ELISA检测IL-15的表达,用LDH检测基因编辑后的NK细胞对H358细胞系的杀伤活性,评估CISH基因敲除、IL-15基因敲入对NK细胞抗肿瘤功能的影响。结果与对照组相比,CISH基因敲除组和CISH基因敲除+IL-15基因敲入组杀伤效率显著增强[E∶T=2∶1组,34.57%±6.32%vs 71.40%±5.81%和69.23%±4.28%,P<0.001]。结论敲除CISH基因可上调IL-15信号通路,增强NK细胞抗肿瘤活性。

PRODUCTION OF ULTRA-FINEα-AL_2O_3 PO WDERSFROM AMMONIUM A LUMINUM CARBONATE HY DROXIDE

Synthesis of a m m oniu m alu min u m carbonate hydroxide ( A A C H) w as investigated usinga m m oniu m alu min u m sulfate and a m moniu m hydro carbonate as the starting m aterials . Itw as found that A A C Hcan be synthesized by adding a m m oniu m alu m inu m sulfate solution torapidly stirred a m moniu m hydro - carbonate solution at a tem perature of 30 ℃. A A C Hcantransfor m to α Al2 O3 co m pletely by calcining at 1100 ℃ for 1 hour , and the obtained po w ders , with a particle size of 100 n m , can be sintered to 98 99 % relative density at 1500 ℃for 2 hours .

Effect of Mild-calcined Coal Gangue Additionon Hot Strength and Refractoriness Under Loadof Ultra Low Cement Castablesin Al_2O_3-SiO_2 System

This work explored the way to improve hot modulus q/＇ rupture （HMOR） and refractoriness under load （RUL） by adding mild-calcined coal gangue （MCG） in Al2O3 -SiO2 ultra low cement （ULC） castables, making use of the in-situ effect of the MCG during heating-up. The influence of respective additions of 5%, 10% and 1.5% of the MCG powders calcined at 700℃ was investigated on HMOR at 1400 ℃ and RUL of the castables. With increased addition of the MCG, HMOR and RUL become significantly enhanced. At 10% of the MCG addition, HMOR reaches 3 MPa, as compared to 0. 3 MPa in the case of no MCG addition. RUL of the specimens dried at 110 ℃for 24 h can be increased by some 270 ℃ with 10% of the MCG addition. RUL 0.11 the specimens preheated at 1 500℃ for 3 h maintains the growth trend with the MCG addition increasing. The microstructure of the heated castable samples was investigated by means of SEM. The in-situ formed needle-like and interlaced mullite in the matrix is contributive to the tmprovement.

超声波协同零价铁降解活性艳红X-3B

通过比较超声波、零价铁单独作用及其联用对X-3B的降解效果，探讨了超声波-零价铁体系降解X-3B的协同效应，考察了溶液pH、超声功率、超声时间等因素对协同效应的影响．结果表明，X-3B难以被超声波直接降解，在实验条件下获得的最高去除率仅为7．75％；在pH为5．0、7．0、9．0时，超声波与零价铁在降解X-3B时发生协同效应，相对两者单独作用对X-3B的去除率的简单加和，协同体系对X-3B的去除率分别提高1．68、1．76、1．67倍．在pH7．0时，协同处理25min后X-3B的去除率可达99．42％．在pH3．0时，零价铁直接还原X-3B的速率大于协同体系，但两者降解机理明显不同，前者仅把X-3B分解成小分子中间体，而后者可使X-3B彻底分解．研究认为，在pH5．0～7．0及超声功率为400～600W时，超声波一零价铁协同体系可有效地降解X-3B．

^99mTc-MIBI双时相法诊断甲状旁腺功能亢进症的临床价值

目的探讨核素99mTc-甲氧基异丁基异腈(99mTc-MIBI)双时相法显像在诊断甲状旁腺功能亢进症(hyper-parathyroidism,HPT)中的作用,并与其他影像检查方法进行比较。方法65例临床考虑为HPT的患者均分别进行了核素显像及超声检查,20例做了CT检查,11例做了MRI检查。核素显像采用99mTc-MIBI双时相法。比较几种影像检查的灵敏度、特异性,分析其对HPT的诊断价值。结果65例患者中,甲状旁腺激素(PTH)增高36例,以PTH结果为诊断标准。核素检查阳性34例,阴性2例,灵敏度94.4%,特异性100%,准确性96.9%;超声检出32例,阴性4例,假阳性2例,其灵敏度88.9%,特异性93.1%,准确性90.8%;CT阳性17例,MRI阳性8例。结论核素99mTc-MIBI双时相法甲状旁腺显像是一种简便有效的检查方法,可提高甲状旁腺瘤术前定位诊断的准确率。临床高度怀疑原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症的病人,若超声检查阴性应进一步行核素检查除外甲状旁腺瘤。

超声波提取-恒波长同步荧光法测定淡水藻中叶绿素a的含量

针对绿藻,采用超声波提取,以荧光激发-发射波长差216nm,建立了同步荧光法测定绿藻叶绿素a含量的新方法,其线性范围为0.02～1.25 mg/L,检出限为1.6ug/L,加标回收率在97.0%～104%之间。与分光光度法测定叶绿素a的对比试验结果表明,两者无显著性差异,但该方法具有快速、灵敏,其他常见色素不干扰测定的优点,能够满足供水中绿藻叶绿素a含量快速检测的需要。

基于超高效液相色谱-质谱分析的代谢组学在小檗碱治疗多囊卵巢综合征研究中的应用

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)是妇女最常见的内分泌和代谢紊乱性疾病,合理的药物治疗非常重要。本研究中,超重/肥胖的多囊卵巢综合征患者经过小檗碱治疗3个月,采集治疗前后的血样进行分析,利用超高效液相色谱-质谱联用技术(UHPLC-MS)对治疗前后血清中的内源性物质进行了相对含量测定。正交信号校正的偏最小二乘模式识别分析结果显示治疗前后有明显的区分。多变量分析结合非参数检验找出的与小檗碱治疗相关的差异代谢物均与脂类代谢有关。临床生化数据结合代谢组学数据显示,小檗碱治疗超重/肥胖型的多囊卵巢综合征患者可以增加机体胰岛素敏感性、改善脂类代谢。上述研究结果表明代谢组学是研究中药治疗疾病效果的有效工具之一。

超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法测定柑橘中4种苯甲酰脲类农药残留

建立了柑橘中虱螨脲、灭幼脲、氟啶脲和除虫脲4种苯甲酰脲类农药同时检测的超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱（ UPLC-MS/MS）分析方法。样品采用QuEChERS前处理技术，超高效液相色谱-串联质谱电喷雾负离子模式检测测定。结果表明：在0.01~0.2μg/mL范围内，4种供试农药的质量浓度与其相应的峰面积间呈良好的线性关系，相关系数（ r ）均大于0.994。在0.01、0.05和0.1 mg/kg 3个添加水平下，4种农药的平均回收率为92％~105％，相对标准偏差（RSD）为0.4％~3.3％（n＝5）。4种农药在柑橘中的定量限（LOQ）均为0.01 mg/kg。该方法准确、灵敏、简单，适用于同时测定柑橘中4种苯甲酰脲类农药的残留量。

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定豇豆中溴氰虫酰胺等5种农药残留

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（ UPLC-MS/MS）同时测定豇豆中溴氰虫酰胺、乙基多杀菌素、呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和啶虫脒残留量的方法。豇豆样品经乙腈提取，通过QuEChERS法净化后，采用Acquity UPLC？？ BEH C18色谱柱分离，在电喷雾正离子模式下以多反应监测（ MRM）模式检测。结果表明：在0.01~1μg/mL内5种农药的峰面积与其相应的质量浓度间呈良好线性关系，相关系数均大于0.99；在0.01、0.1和1 mg/kg 3个添加水平下，回收率为71％~129％，相对标准偏差为0.90％~20.8％（ n ＝5）。5种农药在豇豆中的检出限为0.084~4.0μg/kg，定量限为0.80~16.6μg/kg。该方法简单灵敏，定量准确，可用于分析豇豆中的溴氰虫酰胺、乙基多杀菌素、呋虫胺、噻虫嗪和啶虫脒的残留量。

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱双内标法同时测定复方杏香兔耳风胶囊中的10种有效成分

建立了同时测定复方杏香兔耳风胶囊中原儿茶酸、原儿茶醛、绿原酸、野黄芩苷、异绿原酸 C、黄芩苷、木犀草素、芹菜素、白术内酯 III 和白术内酯 I 等10种有效成分含量的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱（ UPLC-MS / MS）双内标分析方法。以咖啡酸和淫羊藿苷为内标（IS），在 ZORBAX RRHD Eclipse Plus C 18色谱柱上，以甲醇和含0.3％甲酸的水为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离，流速为0.3 mL / min。在电喷雾电离（ESI）正、负离子切换模式下，采用多重反应监测模式进行检测。结果表明，原儿茶酸、原儿茶醛、绿原酸、野黄芩苷、异绿原酸 C、黄芩苷、木犀草素、芹菜素、白术内酯 III、白术内酯 I 的线性范围分别为0.00300～24.0 mg / L、0.0170～2.00 mg / L、0.0150～30.0 mg / L、0.00400～30.0 mg / L、0.0105～24.0 mg / L、0.00300～30.0 mg / L、0.00300～5.00 mg / L、0.00600～5.00 mg / L、0.00150～4.00 mg / L、0.000600～0.900 mg / L；检出限分别为1.0、11、5.0、1.5、3.5、1.0、1.0、2.0、0.50、0.20μg / L。10种成分的加样回收率为92.5％～106％，相对标准偏差均不大于3.2％。该方法快速简便、灵敏度高、重复性好，已成功用于实际样品的分析。

过程参数对PLLA-PEG-PLLA微泡造影剂的性质影响

研究双乳化过程参数对PLLA-PEG-PLLA(聚乳酸-聚乙二醇-聚乳酸)共聚物微泡造影剂形貌、粒径分布及二次谐波性质的影响。改变制备的过程参数,用双乳化法制备空心微泡;使用光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察微泡的形貌;用百胜DU8彩色多普勒超声诊断仪2～5MHz的探头在体外测试微泡的二次谐波特性。得到一系列在生理盐水中分散性很好的空心微泡,在低MI(机械指数)下有不同的二次谐波信号增强的造影剂。油相中材料的浓度、内水相体积、外水相中PVA的浓度对微泡的二次谐波性质具有较大影响,油相中材料的浓度还极大的影响微泡的粒径及其分布。樟脑和碳酸铵的加入对微泡的形貌和声学性质有显著影响。

IVUS引导下Step-Crush术治疗左主干分叉病变对支架贴壁情况及患者预后的影响

目的:分析血管内超声(IVUS)引导下Step-Crush术治疗左主干分叉病变对支架贴壁情况及患者预后的影响。方法:回顾分析2021年3月—2022年12月于九江市第一人民医院总院心血管内科就诊的左主干分叉病变患者60例,根据手术方式将患者分为IVUS组(n=34,采用IVUS引导下StepCrush术)和常规组(n=26,采用常规Step-Crush术)。对比两组支架情况(最大支架直径、左主干支架长度、支架贴壁不良发生率、支架边缘夹层发生率)、球囊参数(球囊最大直径、球囊最大压力)、心功能指标[左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)]及心血管不良事件发生率。结果:相较于常规组,IVUS组最大支架直径、左主干支架长度、球囊最大直径均更长,球囊最大压力更大(P<0.05);术后2个月,IVUS组LVEF较常规组更高,LVEDD较常规组更低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);IVUS组支架贴壁不良发生率、心血管不良事件发生率均更低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组支架边缘夹层发生率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:IVUS应用于Step-Crush术中可改善左主干分叉病变患者支架置入情况,降低支架贴壁发生率,有效预防心血管不良事件发生。