GamBro AK 200 ULTRA S透析机是百特金宝公司生产的双泵透析机,以血液透析滤过功能为特色,兼备血液透析、血液滤过的功能。通常,操作人员在使用过程中的操作失误,会以报警提示的形式呈现,操作人员根据报警提示的引导,即可快速更正操作,...GamBro AK 200 ULTRA S透析机是百特金宝公司生产的双泵透析机,以血液透析滤过功能为特色,兼备血液透析、血液滤过的功能。通常,操作人员在使用过程中的操作失误,会以报警提示的形式呈现,操作人员根据报警提示的引导,即可快速更正操作,报警提示普遍与操作失误相关,然而,也有掩藏在“报警提示”表面下的特殊故障,本文对一例该类特殊故障的检修进行解析。展开更多
Polypropylene(PP) fibres have primarily used to control shrinkage cracks or mitigate explosive spalling in concrete structures exposed to fire or subjected to impact/blast loads, with limited investigations on capacit...Polypropylene(PP) fibres have primarily used to control shrinkage cracks or mitigate explosive spalling in concrete structures exposed to fire or subjected to impact/blast loads, with limited investigations on capacity improvement. This study unveils the possibility of using PP micro-fibres to improve the impact behaviour of fibre-reinforced ultra-high-performance concrete(FRUHPC) columns. Results show that the addition of fibres significantly improves the impact behaviour of FRUHPC columns by shifting the failure mechanism from brittle shear to favourable flexural failure. The addition of steel or PP fibres affected the impact responses differently. Steel fibres considerably increased the peak impact force(up to 18%) while PP micro-fibres slightly increased the peak(3%-4%). FRUHPC significantly reduced the maximum midheight displacement by up to 30%(under 20°impact) and substantially improved the displacement recovery by up to 100%(under 20° impact). FRUHPC with steel fibres significantly improved the energy absorption while those with PP micro-fibres reduced the energy absorption, which is different from the effect of PP-macro fibre reported in the literature. The optimal fibre content for micro-PP fibres is 1% due to its minimal fibre usage and low peak and residual displacement. This study highlights the potential of FRUHPC as a promising material for impact-resistant structures by creating a more favourable flexural failure mechanism, enhancing ductility and toughness under impact loading, and advancing the understanding of the role of fibres in structural performance.展开更多
Mineral carbonation is a promising CO_(2) sequestration strategy that can utilize industrial wastes to convert CO_(2) into high-value CaCO_(3).This review summarizes the advancements in CO_(2) mineralization using typ...Mineral carbonation is a promising CO_(2) sequestration strategy that can utilize industrial wastes to convert CO_(2) into high-value CaCO_(3).This review summarizes the advancements in CO_(2) mineralization using typical industrial wastes to prepare ultrafine CaCO_(3).This work surveys the mechanisms of CO_(2) mineralization using these wastes and its capacities to synthesize CaCO_(3),evaluates the effects of carbonation pathways and operating parameters on the preparation of CaCO_(3),analyzes the current industrial application status and economics of this technology.Due to the large amount of impurities in solid wastes,the purity of CaCO_(3) prepared by indirect methods is greater than that prepared by direct methods.Crystalline CaCO_(3) includes three polymorphs.The polymorph of CaCO_(3) synthesized by carbonation process is determined the combined effects of various factors.These parameters essentially impact the nucleation and growth of CaCO_(3) by altering the CO_(2) supersaturation in the reaction system and the surface energy of CaCO_(3) grains.Increasing the initial pH of the solution and the CO_(2)flow rate favors the formation of vaterite,but calcite is formed under excessively high pH.Vaterite formation is favored at lower temperatures and residence time.With increased temperature and prolonged residence time,it passes through aragonite metastable phase and eventually transforms into calcite.Moreover,polymorph modifiers can decrease the surface energy of CaCO_(3) grains,facilitating the synthesis of vaterite.However,the large-scale application of this technology still faces many problems,including high costs,high energy consumption,low calcium leaching rate,low carbonation efficiency,and low product yield.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate ways to accelerate carbonation,optimize operating parameters,develop cost-effective agents,and understand the kinetics of CaCO_(3) nucleation and crystallization to obtain products with specific crystal forms.Furthermore,more studies on life cycle assessment(LCA)should be conducted to fully confirm the feasibility of the developed technologies.展开更多
The spatiotemporal extension/expansion of mine areas is affected by multiple factors.So far,very little has been done to examine the interaction between mine areas and political or economic realities.The(ultra‐)mafic...The spatiotemporal extension/expansion of mine areas is affected by multiple factors.So far,very little has been done to examine the interaction between mine areas and political or economic realities.The(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mines in China played a specific role in supporting national development and providing an ideal research subject for monitoring their interrelationship.In this study,remote sensing and mining‐related GIS data were used to identify and analyze 1233(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mine area polygons in China,which covered approximately 322.96 km2 of land and included a V–Ti–Fe mine,a copper–nickel mine,a chromite mine,an asbestos mine,and a diamond mine.It was found that(1)the areal expansion of mines is significantly related to the mine types,perimeter,topography,and population density.(2)The mine area variation also reflects market and policy realities.The temporal expansion of the mine area from 2010 to 2020 followed an S‐shaped pattern(with the turning point occurring in 2014),closely related to iron overcapacity and tightened mining policies.(3)The complexity(D)of the mine area may reflect mine design and excavation practices.To be specific,lower D indicates early‐stage or artisanal/small‐scale mining,whereas higher D represents large‐scale mining.This study demonstrates that the detailed mapping of mine land can serve as an indicator to implement miningrelated market and policy changes.The(ultra‐)mafic mines area data set can be accessed at https://zenodo.org/record/7636616#.Y-p0uXaZOa0.展开更多
Background: When applied to trabecular bone X-ray images, the anisotropic properties of trabeculae located at ultra-distal radius were investigated by using the trabecular bone scores (TBS) calculated along directions...Background: When applied to trabecular bone X-ray images, the anisotropic properties of trabeculae located at ultra-distal radius were investigated by using the trabecular bone scores (TBS) calculated along directions parallel and perpendicular to the forearm. Methodology: Data from more than two hundred subjects were studied retrospectively. A DXA (GE Lunar Prodigy) scan of the forearm was performed on each subject to measure the bone mineral density (BMD) value at the location of ultra-distal radius, and an X-ray digital image of the same forearm was taken on the same day. The values of trabecular bone score along the direction perpendicular to the forearm, TBS<sub>x</sub>, and along the direction parallel to the forearm, TBS<sub>y</sub>, were calculated respectively. The statistics of TBS<sub>x</sub> and TBS<sub>y</sub> were calculated, and the anisotropy of the trabecular bone, which was defined as the ratio of TBS<sub>y</sub> to TBS<sub>x</sub> and changed with subjects’ BMD and age, was reported and analyzed. Results: The results show that the correlation coefficient between TBS<sub>x</sub> and TBS<sub>y</sub> was 0.72 (p BMD and age was reported. The results showed that decreased trabecular bone anisotropy was associated with deceased BMD and increased age in the subject group. Conclusions: This study shows that decreased trabecular bone anisotropy was associated with decreased BMD and increased age.展开更多
An empirical expression for the direct tunneling (DT) current is obtained.This expression can be used to calculate the DT current for nMOSFETs with ultra thin oxide when the oxide thickness is considered as an adjust...An empirical expression for the direct tunneling (DT) current is obtained.This expression can be used to calculate the DT current for nMOSFETs with ultra thin oxide when the oxide thickness is considered as an adjustable parameter.The results have good agreement with the experimental data.And the oxide thickness obtained is less than the value acquired from the capacitance voltage( C V )method.展开更多
目的寻找一种更快速、简便的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染的筛查方法。方法对门诊和住院手术患者标本以及疾病控制中心质控标本,采用VIDAS HIV DUO Ultra方法(简称VIDAS)测定HIV p24抗原和HIV抗体,并与第3代酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)以...目的寻找一种更快速、简便的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染的筛查方法。方法对门诊和住院手术患者标本以及疾病控制中心质控标本,采用VIDAS HIV DUO Ultra方法(简称VIDAS)测定HIV p24抗原和HIV抗体,并与第3代酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)以及明胶粒子凝集法(PA)测定结果进行比较。结果对50份标本采用VIDAS进行检测,其敏感性和特异性分别为91.7%和92.1%。结论VIDAS可作为一种更简便的HIV检测方法,在生物安全控制方面较其他2种方法更安全有效。展开更多
A novel low temperature poly\|Si(LTPS) ultra\|thin channel thin film transistor (UTC\|TFT) technology is proposed. The UTC\|TFT has an ultra\|thin channel region (30nm) and a thick drain/source region (300nm). The ult...A novel low temperature poly\|Si(LTPS) ultra\|thin channel thin film transistor (UTC\|TFT) technology is proposed. The UTC\|TFT has an ultra\|thin channel region (30nm) and a thick drain/source region (300nm). The ultra\|thin channel region that can result in a lower grain\|boundary trap density in the channel is connected to the heavily\|doped thick drain/source region through a lightly\|doped overlapped region. The overlapped lightly\|doped region provides an effective way for the electric field to spread in the channel near the drain at high drain biases, thereby reducing the electric field there significantly. Simulation results show the UTC\|TFT experiences a 50% reduction in peak lateral electric field compared to that of the conventional TFT. With the low grain\|boundary trap density and low drain electric field, excellent current saturation characteristics and high drain breakdown voltage are achieved in the UTC\|TFT. Moreover, this technology provides the complementary LTPS\|TFTs with more than 2 times increase in on\|current, 3.5 times reduction in off\|current compared to the conventional thick channel LTPS TFTs.展开更多
文摘GamBro AK 200 ULTRA S透析机是百特金宝公司生产的双泵透析机,以血液透析滤过功能为特色,兼备血液透析、血液滤过的功能。通常,操作人员在使用过程中的操作失误,会以报警提示的形式呈现,操作人员根据报警提示的引导,即可快速更正操作,报警提示普遍与操作失误相关,然而,也有掩藏在“报警提示”表面下的特殊故障,本文对一例该类特殊故障的检修进行解析。
基金the financial support from Australian Research Council(ARC)(Grant No.DP220100307).
文摘Polypropylene(PP) fibres have primarily used to control shrinkage cracks or mitigate explosive spalling in concrete structures exposed to fire or subjected to impact/blast loads, with limited investigations on capacity improvement. This study unveils the possibility of using PP micro-fibres to improve the impact behaviour of fibre-reinforced ultra-high-performance concrete(FRUHPC) columns. Results show that the addition of fibres significantly improves the impact behaviour of FRUHPC columns by shifting the failure mechanism from brittle shear to favourable flexural failure. The addition of steel or PP fibres affected the impact responses differently. Steel fibres considerably increased the peak impact force(up to 18%) while PP micro-fibres slightly increased the peak(3%-4%). FRUHPC significantly reduced the maximum midheight displacement by up to 30%(under 20°impact) and substantially improved the displacement recovery by up to 100%(under 20° impact). FRUHPC with steel fibres significantly improved the energy absorption while those with PP micro-fibres reduced the energy absorption, which is different from the effect of PP-macro fibre reported in the literature. The optimal fibre content for micro-PP fibres is 1% due to its minimal fibre usage and low peak and residual displacement. This study highlights the potential of FRUHPC as a promising material for impact-resistant structures by creating a more favourable flexural failure mechanism, enhancing ductility and toughness under impact loading, and advancing the understanding of the role of fibres in structural performance.
基金support was received the Science&Technology Foundation of RIPP(PR20230092,PR20230259)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278419)the Key Core Technology Research(Social Development)Foundation of Suzhou(2023ss06).
文摘Mineral carbonation is a promising CO_(2) sequestration strategy that can utilize industrial wastes to convert CO_(2) into high-value CaCO_(3).This review summarizes the advancements in CO_(2) mineralization using typical industrial wastes to prepare ultrafine CaCO_(3).This work surveys the mechanisms of CO_(2) mineralization using these wastes and its capacities to synthesize CaCO_(3),evaluates the effects of carbonation pathways and operating parameters on the preparation of CaCO_(3),analyzes the current industrial application status and economics of this technology.Due to the large amount of impurities in solid wastes,the purity of CaCO_(3) prepared by indirect methods is greater than that prepared by direct methods.Crystalline CaCO_(3) includes three polymorphs.The polymorph of CaCO_(3) synthesized by carbonation process is determined the combined effects of various factors.These parameters essentially impact the nucleation and growth of CaCO_(3) by altering the CO_(2) supersaturation in the reaction system and the surface energy of CaCO_(3) grains.Increasing the initial pH of the solution and the CO_(2)flow rate favors the formation of vaterite,but calcite is formed under excessively high pH.Vaterite formation is favored at lower temperatures and residence time.With increased temperature and prolonged residence time,it passes through aragonite metastable phase and eventually transforms into calcite.Moreover,polymorph modifiers can decrease the surface energy of CaCO_(3) grains,facilitating the synthesis of vaterite.However,the large-scale application of this technology still faces many problems,including high costs,high energy consumption,low calcium leaching rate,low carbonation efficiency,and low product yield.Therefore,it is necessary to investigate ways to accelerate carbonation,optimize operating parameters,develop cost-effective agents,and understand the kinetics of CaCO_(3) nucleation and crystallization to obtain products with specific crystal forms.Furthermore,more studies on life cycle assessment(LCA)should be conducted to fully confirm the feasibility of the developed technologies.
文摘The spatiotemporal extension/expansion of mine areas is affected by multiple factors.So far,very little has been done to examine the interaction between mine areas and political or economic realities.The(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mines in China played a specific role in supporting national development and providing an ideal research subject for monitoring their interrelationship.In this study,remote sensing and mining‐related GIS data were used to identify and analyze 1233(ultra‐)mafic magmatic mine area polygons in China,which covered approximately 322.96 km2 of land and included a V–Ti–Fe mine,a copper–nickel mine,a chromite mine,an asbestos mine,and a diamond mine.It was found that(1)the areal expansion of mines is significantly related to the mine types,perimeter,topography,and population density.(2)The mine area variation also reflects market and policy realities.The temporal expansion of the mine area from 2010 to 2020 followed an S‐shaped pattern(with the turning point occurring in 2014),closely related to iron overcapacity and tightened mining policies.(3)The complexity(D)of the mine area may reflect mine design and excavation practices.To be specific,lower D indicates early‐stage or artisanal/small‐scale mining,whereas higher D represents large‐scale mining.This study demonstrates that the detailed mapping of mine land can serve as an indicator to implement miningrelated market and policy changes.The(ultra‐)mafic mines area data set can be accessed at https://zenodo.org/record/7636616#.Y-p0uXaZOa0.
文摘Background: When applied to trabecular bone X-ray images, the anisotropic properties of trabeculae located at ultra-distal radius were investigated by using the trabecular bone scores (TBS) calculated along directions parallel and perpendicular to the forearm. Methodology: Data from more than two hundred subjects were studied retrospectively. A DXA (GE Lunar Prodigy) scan of the forearm was performed on each subject to measure the bone mineral density (BMD) value at the location of ultra-distal radius, and an X-ray digital image of the same forearm was taken on the same day. The values of trabecular bone score along the direction perpendicular to the forearm, TBS<sub>x</sub>, and along the direction parallel to the forearm, TBS<sub>y</sub>, were calculated respectively. The statistics of TBS<sub>x</sub> and TBS<sub>y</sub> were calculated, and the anisotropy of the trabecular bone, which was defined as the ratio of TBS<sub>y</sub> to TBS<sub>x</sub> and changed with subjects’ BMD and age, was reported and analyzed. Results: The results show that the correlation coefficient between TBS<sub>x</sub> and TBS<sub>y</sub> was 0.72 (p BMD and age was reported. The results showed that decreased trabecular bone anisotropy was associated with deceased BMD and increased age in the subject group. Conclusions: This study shows that decreased trabecular bone anisotropy was associated with decreased BMD and increased age.
文摘An empirical expression for the direct tunneling (DT) current is obtained.This expression can be used to calculate the DT current for nMOSFETs with ultra thin oxide when the oxide thickness is considered as an adjustable parameter.The results have good agreement with the experimental data.And the oxide thickness obtained is less than the value acquired from the capacitance voltage( C V )method.
文摘目的寻找一种更快速、简便的人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染的筛查方法。方法对门诊和住院手术患者标本以及疾病控制中心质控标本,采用VIDAS HIV DUO Ultra方法(简称VIDAS)测定HIV p24抗原和HIV抗体,并与第3代酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)以及明胶粒子凝集法(PA)测定结果进行比较。结果对50份标本采用VIDAS进行检测,其敏感性和特异性分别为91.7%和92.1%。结论VIDAS可作为一种更简便的HIV检测方法,在生物安全控制方面较其他2种方法更安全有效。
文摘A novel low temperature poly\|Si(LTPS) ultra\|thin channel thin film transistor (UTC\|TFT) technology is proposed. The UTC\|TFT has an ultra\|thin channel region (30nm) and a thick drain/source region (300nm). The ultra\|thin channel region that can result in a lower grain\|boundary trap density in the channel is connected to the heavily\|doped thick drain/source region through a lightly\|doped overlapped region. The overlapped lightly\|doped region provides an effective way for the electric field to spread in the channel near the drain at high drain biases, thereby reducing the electric field there significantly. Simulation results show the UTC\|TFT experiences a 50% reduction in peak lateral electric field compared to that of the conventional TFT. With the low grain\|boundary trap density and low drain electric field, excellent current saturation characteristics and high drain breakdown voltage are achieved in the UTC\|TFT. Moreover, this technology provides the complementary LTPS\|TFTs with more than 2 times increase in on\|current, 3.5 times reduction in off\|current compared to the conventional thick channel LTPS TFTs.
