In this paper, the time dependent effects of various pressure treatments on the characteristics of lotus-seed starch which was modified by ultra-high pressure (UHP) were investigated. The results showed that the pol...In this paper, the time dependent effects of various pressure treatments on the characteristics of lotus-seed starch which was modified by ultra-high pressure (UHP) were investigated. The results showed that the polarization cross of lotus-seed starch granules was weakening gradually with increasing the treatment time, which indicated the termination of their ordered crystallite structures. The morphologies of granules were collapsed once the UHP was kept at 500 MPa for 60 minutes. The particle size analysis demonstrated that the granule size and distribution of lotus-seed starches increased as the treatment time was prolonged. X-ray diffraction studies showed that the intensity of the feature diffraction peaks of starch decreased and eventually disappeared with increasing the treatment time, and B-type transformation pattern was observed. The Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) analysis of starch showed that the UHP is a physical modification processing because no new groups formed. The research showed that UHP processing at certain degree is capable to achieve the modification of lotus-seed starch. It is of significance for the deep processing of lotus-seed products.展开更多
本研究以汉麻分离蛋白(Hemp Protein Isolate,HPI)为原料,通过超高压辅助酶解反应对HPI进行改性,测定不同压力下汉麻蛋白酶解产物(hydrolysate of hemp protein isolate,HPIH)的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS polyacrylamide gelelectrophores...本研究以汉麻分离蛋白(Hemp Protein Isolate,HPI)为原料,通过超高压辅助酶解反应对HPI进行改性,测定不同压力下汉麻蛋白酶解产物(hydrolysate of hemp protein isolate,HPIH)的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis,SDS-PAGE)电泳特性、表面疏水性、巯基含量、傅立叶红外光谱和内源荧光光谱分析改性前后汉麻分离蛋白的结构变化。结果表明,超高压(ultra-high pressure,UHP)(0.1、100、200、300 MPa)处理对HPI酶解反应具有一定的辅助作用,且随压力的升高酶解反应程度逐渐增大,分子量逐渐降低;HPI经改性后,疏水性基团逐渐暴露,表面疏水性随压力的增大先上升后下降,且变化差异性显著(P<0.05),在200 MPa时表面疏水性达到最大;酶解反应后,HPIH游离巯基含量显著降低(P<0.05),而表面巯基含量随压力增大呈先上升后下降的趋势;通过测定改性前后蛋白质氨基酸组成及含量可知,改性前后HPI氨基酸组成不变,但各氨基酸含量存在不同程度下降;由傅立叶红外光谱图可以看出,与HPI相比,HPIH的吸收峰强度、峰型及峰面积等均发生不同程度变化,说明超高压辅助酶解反应使蛋白质二级结构发生改变;内源荧光光谱显示,HPIH荧光强度增大且最大发射波长发生红移,说明酶解反应改变了HPI的三级结构;抗氧化活性结果表明,适当的压力处理可有效提升酶解产物的抗氧化能力,当压力为200 MPa时,HPIH的DPPH、ABTS^(+)自由基清除能力及还原能力达到最高。综上所述,超高压辅助酶解改性处理能显著改变汉麻分离蛋白的二、三级结构,暴露出疏水基团等活性基团,从而提高其抗氧化性。展开更多
基金supported by Cooperation in Production,Study and Research of Science and Technology Major Projects of Fujian Province(2012N5004)Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2012J01081)+1 种基金Scientific and Technological Innovation Team Support Plan of Institution of Higher Learning in Fujian Province([2012]03)Scientific and Technological Innovation Team Support Plan of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(cxtd12009)
文摘In this paper, the time dependent effects of various pressure treatments on the characteristics of lotus-seed starch which was modified by ultra-high pressure (UHP) were investigated. The results showed that the polarization cross of lotus-seed starch granules was weakening gradually with increasing the treatment time, which indicated the termination of their ordered crystallite structures. The morphologies of granules were collapsed once the UHP was kept at 500 MPa for 60 minutes. The particle size analysis demonstrated that the granule size and distribution of lotus-seed starches increased as the treatment time was prolonged. X-ray diffraction studies showed that the intensity of the feature diffraction peaks of starch decreased and eventually disappeared with increasing the treatment time, and B-type transformation pattern was observed. The Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR) analysis of starch showed that the UHP is a physical modification processing because no new groups formed. The research showed that UHP processing at certain degree is capable to achieve the modification of lotus-seed starch. It is of significance for the deep processing of lotus-seed products.
文摘本研究以汉麻分离蛋白(Hemp Protein Isolate,HPI)为原料,通过超高压辅助酶解反应对HPI进行改性,测定不同压力下汉麻蛋白酶解产物(hydrolysate of hemp protein isolate,HPIH)的聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis,SDS-PAGE)电泳特性、表面疏水性、巯基含量、傅立叶红外光谱和内源荧光光谱分析改性前后汉麻分离蛋白的结构变化。结果表明,超高压(ultra-high pressure,UHP)(0.1、100、200、300 MPa)处理对HPI酶解反应具有一定的辅助作用,且随压力的升高酶解反应程度逐渐增大,分子量逐渐降低;HPI经改性后,疏水性基团逐渐暴露,表面疏水性随压力的增大先上升后下降,且变化差异性显著(P<0.05),在200 MPa时表面疏水性达到最大;酶解反应后,HPIH游离巯基含量显著降低(P<0.05),而表面巯基含量随压力增大呈先上升后下降的趋势;通过测定改性前后蛋白质氨基酸组成及含量可知,改性前后HPI氨基酸组成不变,但各氨基酸含量存在不同程度下降;由傅立叶红外光谱图可以看出,与HPI相比,HPIH的吸收峰强度、峰型及峰面积等均发生不同程度变化,说明超高压辅助酶解反应使蛋白质二级结构发生改变;内源荧光光谱显示,HPIH荧光强度增大且最大发射波长发生红移,说明酶解反应改变了HPI的三级结构;抗氧化活性结果表明,适当的压力处理可有效提升酶解产物的抗氧化能力,当压力为200 MPa时,HPIH的DPPH、ABTS^(+)自由基清除能力及还原能力达到最高。综上所述,超高压辅助酶解改性处理能显著改变汉麻分离蛋白的二、三级结构,暴露出疏水基团等活性基团,从而提高其抗氧化性。