The paper describes recent trends to carry forward the automation in welding process in Japanese industries.The present situation on the introduction of computer integrated manufacturing is surveyed and its concept an...The paper describes recent trends to carry forward the automation in welding process in Japanese industries.The present situation on the introduction of computer integrated manufacturing is surveyed and its concept and relation among the constituent subsystems are shown.Also recent developments of arc welding processes and related tools are reviewed.They are as follows.1) Schematic image of the structure of computer integrated manufacturing system (CIM).2) Short descriptions for the trend of introducing CIM system.An example of multi-robot welding system in shipyard,virtual factory,network monitoring of welding quality,clarification of welder’s skill.3) Development of high efficiency welding processes.Copper-less wire electrode,tandem large fillet welding,tandem pulse GMA welding,digital wire feeder with new!push-pull system,overhead horizontal tandem GMA welding for ship bottom shell,one-sided fillet groove GMA welding for construction machinery,ultra-NGW hot wire GTA process,Al-alloy sheet welding with laser assisted AC pulsed MIG process.展开更多
Through analyzing the development of large ultra-deep structural gas fields in China,strategies for the efficient development of such gas fields are proposed based on their geological characteristics and production pe...Through analyzing the development of large ultra-deep structural gas fields in China,strategies for the efficient development of such gas fields are proposed based on their geological characteristics and production performance.According to matrix properties,fracture development degree and configuration between matrix and fractures,the reservoirs are classified into three types:single porosity single permeability system,dual porosity dual permeability system,and dual porosity single permeability system.These three types of gas reservoirs show remarkable differences in different scales of permeability,the ratio of dynamic reserves to volumetric reserves and water invasion risk.It is pointed out that the key factors affecting development efficiency of these gas fields are determination of production scale and rapid identification of water invasion.Figuring out the characteristics of the gas fields and working out pertinent technical policies are the keys to achieve efficient development.The specific strategies include reinforcing early production appraisal before full scale production by deploying high precision development seismic survey,deploying development appraisal wells in batches and scale production test to get a clear understanding on the structure,reservoir type,distribution pattern of gas and water,and recoverable reserves,controlling production construction pace to ensure enough evaluation time and accurate evaluation results in the early stage,in line with the development program made according to the recoverable reserves,working out proper development strategies,optimizing pattern and proration of wells based on water invasion risk and gas supply capacity of matrix,and reinforcing research and development of key technologies.展开更多
文摘The paper describes recent trends to carry forward the automation in welding process in Japanese industries.The present situation on the introduction of computer integrated manufacturing is surveyed and its concept and relation among the constituent subsystems are shown.Also recent developments of arc welding processes and related tools are reviewed.They are as follows.1) Schematic image of the structure of computer integrated manufacturing system (CIM).2) Short descriptions for the trend of introducing CIM system.An example of multi-robot welding system in shipyard,virtual factory,network monitoring of welding quality,clarification of welder’s skill.3) Development of high efficiency welding processes.Copper-less wire electrode,tandem large fillet welding,tandem pulse GMA welding,digital wire feeder with new!push-pull system,overhead horizontal tandem GMA welding for ship bottom shell,one-sided fillet groove GMA welding for construction machinery,ultra-NGW hot wire GTA process,Al-alloy sheet welding with laser assisted AC pulsed MIG process.
文摘Through analyzing the development of large ultra-deep structural gas fields in China,strategies for the efficient development of such gas fields are proposed based on their geological characteristics and production performance.According to matrix properties,fracture development degree and configuration between matrix and fractures,the reservoirs are classified into three types:single porosity single permeability system,dual porosity dual permeability system,and dual porosity single permeability system.These three types of gas reservoirs show remarkable differences in different scales of permeability,the ratio of dynamic reserves to volumetric reserves and water invasion risk.It is pointed out that the key factors affecting development efficiency of these gas fields are determination of production scale and rapid identification of water invasion.Figuring out the characteristics of the gas fields and working out pertinent technical policies are the keys to achieve efficient development.The specific strategies include reinforcing early production appraisal before full scale production by deploying high precision development seismic survey,deploying development appraisal wells in batches and scale production test to get a clear understanding on the structure,reservoir type,distribution pattern of gas and water,and recoverable reserves,controlling production construction pace to ensure enough evaluation time and accurate evaluation results in the early stage,in line with the development program made according to the recoverable reserves,working out proper development strategies,optimizing pattern and proration of wells based on water invasion risk and gas supply capacity of matrix,and reinforcing research and development of key technologies.
