The‘Two Oceans and One Sea’area(West Pacific,Indian Ocean,and South China Sea;15°S–60°N,39°–178°E)is a core strategic area for the‘21st Century Maritime Silk Road’project,as well as national ...The‘Two Oceans and One Sea’area(West Pacific,Indian Ocean,and South China Sea;15°S–60°N,39°–178°E)is a core strategic area for the‘21st Century Maritime Silk Road’project,as well as national defense.With the increasing demand for disaster prevention and mitigation,the importance of 10–30-day extended range prediction,between the conventional short-term(around seven days)and the climate scale(longer than one month),is apparent.However,marine extended range prediction is still a‘blank point’in China,making the early warning of marine disasters almost impossible.Here,the authors introduce a recently launched Chinese national project on a numerical forecasting system for extended range prediction in the‘Two Oceans and One Sea’area based on a regional ultra-high resolution multi-layer coupled model,including the scientific aims,technical scheme,innovation,and expected achievements.The completion of this prediction system is of considerable significance for the economic development and national security of China.展开更多
This paper reported a new analytical method for the simultaneous determination of seven benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers and seven antibacterial agents in textiles. After ultrasonic extraction for the textile sampl...This paper reported a new analytical method for the simultaneous determination of seven benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers and seven antibacterial agents in textiles. After ultrasonic extraction for the textile samples in methanol, the solutions were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromotagraphy/orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC/Orbitrap HRMS). It showed that a good chromatographic separation for these target compounds was achieved by a Hypersil GOLD column (100 mm × 2.1 mm × 1.9 μm) with a gradient elution of methanol and 0.1% aqueous formic acid solution (containing 0.5 mmol/L ammonium acetate). Triclosan and 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl phenol (PCMX) were detected by the orbitrap HRMS in an electrospray ionization (ESI) negative mode while the other twelve target compounds were detected by orbitrap HRMS in ESI positive mode. Full scan experiment was performed over the range from m/z 100 to m/z 500. These target compounds were routinely detected with mass accuracy below 2 × 10-6 (2 ppm) at the optimized conditions. The results showed that the limits of detection (LODs) were in the range from 0.1 to 0.3 μg/kg. The blank samples were spiked at three levels and their average recoveries varied from 80.5% to 96.3% while the relative standard deviation (RSD) changed from 3.2% to 9.9%. The present method was also applied for the determination of those ultraviolet absorbers and antibacterial agents in the commercial textiles.展开更多
A compact gamma-ray detector with good spatial resolution for emission computed tomography (E-CT) applications has been developed. The detector is composed of NaI(Tl) scintillation pixels array and Hamamastu R2486-05 ...A compact gamma-ray detector with good spatial resolution for emission computed tomography (E-CT) applications has been developed. The detector is composed of NaI(Tl) scintillation pixels array and Hamamastu R2486-05 PSPMT. Having a pixel size of 2 mm × 2 mm and an overall dimension of 48.2 mm × 48.2mm × 5 mm, it has 484 pixels in a 22×22 matrix. An average spatial resolution of 2.5mm (FWHM) was achieved. The slope of position linearity is constant within 10% in a range of 40mm. After corrections, the average value of differential non-linearity and absolute non-linearity were 0.16mm and 0.535mm respectively, and a 17% at FWHM of total energy resolution for 241Am was obtained.展开更多
Nano-Scale mapping of minerals and organic compounds give unprecedented high resolution information on the origin and nature of substances,and provide new insight on their correlative distribution and interaction,thus...Nano-Scale mapping of minerals and organic compounds give unprecedented high resolution information on the origin and nature of substances,and provide new insight on their correlative distribution and interaction,thus present a powerful tool to study the progressive changes of geological samples,and may even be applied to study extraterrestrial samples in search of life.One example we present here explore the use of elemental microprobe,X-Ray Photon Spectroscopy(XPS),and synchrotron-based Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy(STXM) coupled with Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure(NEXAFS) Spectroscopy to investigate the surface properties and stability of micron-size organic carbonaceous particles from Central Amazon,Brazil,specifically focusing on black carbon in Kaolinitic Oxisol originated from anthropogenic processes,and their interaction with cations.展开更多
Modern computer techniques have been in use for several years to generate three-dimensional visualizations of human anatomy. Very good 3-D computer models of the human body are now available and used routinely in anat...Modern computer techniques have been in use for several years to generate three-dimensional visualizations of human anatomy. Very good 3-D computer models of the human body are now available and used routinely in anatomy instruction. These techniques are subsumed under the heading “virtual anatomy” to distinguish them from the conventional study of anatomy entailing cadavers and anatomy textbooks. Moreover, other imaging procedures (X-ray, angiography, CT and MR) are also used in virtual anatomy instruction. A recently introduced three-dimensional post-processing technique named Cinematic Rendering now makes it possible to use the output of routine CT and MR examinations as the basis for highly photo-realistic 3-D depictions of human anatomy. We have installed Cinematic Rendering (enabled for stereoscopy) in a high-definition 8K 3-D projection space that accommodates an audience of 150. The space’s projection surface measures 16 × 9 meters;images can be projected on both the front wall and the floor. A game controller can be used to operate Cinematic Rendering software so that it can generate interactive real-time depictions of human anatomy on the basis of CT and MR data sets. This prototype installation was implemented without technical problems;in day-to-day, real-world use over a period of 22 months, there were no impairments of service due to software crashes or other technical problems. We are already employing this installation routinely for educational offerings open to the public, courses for students in the health professions, and (continuing) professional education units for medical interns, residents and specialists—in, so to speak, the dissecting theater of the future.展开更多
目的对比常规薄层图像和高分辨率联合最大密度投影(high resolution combined with maximum intensity projection,HR-MIP)重建图像在检出肺内结节方面的差异,评价HR-MIP对肺内结节的检出效能。方法随机选取天津医科大学朱宪彝纪念医院2...目的对比常规薄层图像和高分辨率联合最大密度投影(high resolution combined with maximum intensity projection,HR-MIP)重建图像在检出肺内结节方面的差异,评价HR-MIP对肺内结节的检出效能。方法随机选取天津医科大学朱宪彝纪念医院2021年12月至2022年6月期间行胸部CT检查的患者共90例,其中男性52例,女性38例,年龄18~82(43±12.5)岁。分别利用2 mm层厚的常规薄层图像和HR-MIP(厚度4 mm)重建图像观察肺内结节的情况,根据结节大小分为<5 mm和≥5 mm两组。两位诊断医师分别对两组图像进行阅片并记录结节的数量、大小及性质(实性、部分实性、磨玻璃),同时记录阅读每例患者阅片时所耗费的时间。比较常规薄层图像和HR-MIP在结节检出率及耗费时间方面的差异。采用配对t检验、χ^(2)检验进行统计学分析。结果90例患者共有结节313个,<5 mm 255个、≥5 mm 58个,其中常规薄层图像和HR-MIP分别检出结节的总数为253个(80.1%)、285个(91.0%),HR-MIP检出率高于常规薄层图像,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.523,P<0.001);其中常规薄层图像和HR-MIP检出<5 mm及≥5 mm结节的数量分别为(208比235)和(45比50),<5 mm组差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.517,P<0.001),≥5 mm组差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.408,P=0.237)。结节性质方面:实性、部分实性及磨玻璃密度结节分别有261、22、30个;常规薄层图像和HR-MIP检出实性、部分实性和磨玻璃密度结节分别为(210比245)、(15比17)和(28比23),其中两种方法实性结节检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=34.812,P<0.001),部分实性和磨玻璃密度结节检出率差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.631,P=0.407;χ^(2)=1.231,P=0.224)。常规薄层图像耗时为(215.3±23.8)s,HR-MIP耗时为(133.2±19.1)s,差异有统计学意义(t=18.013,P<0.001)。结论利用HR-MIP重建后阅片能够提高肺内实性小结节的检出率并且可以缩短阅片时间、提高诊断效率,但是对于部分实性及磨玻璃密度小结节仍需仔细观察。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant Nos.2017YFC1404105,2017YFC1404100,2017YFC1404101,2017YFC1404102,2017YFC1404103 and 2017YFC1404104)
文摘The‘Two Oceans and One Sea’area(West Pacific,Indian Ocean,and South China Sea;15°S–60°N,39°–178°E)is a core strategic area for the‘21st Century Maritime Silk Road’project,as well as national defense.With the increasing demand for disaster prevention and mitigation,the importance of 10–30-day extended range prediction,between the conventional short-term(around seven days)and the climate scale(longer than one month),is apparent.However,marine extended range prediction is still a‘blank point’in China,making the early warning of marine disasters almost impossible.Here,the authors introduce a recently launched Chinese national project on a numerical forecasting system for extended range prediction in the‘Two Oceans and One Sea’area based on a regional ultra-high resolution multi-layer coupled model,including the scientific aims,technical scheme,innovation,and expected achievements.The completion of this prediction system is of considerable significance for the economic development and national security of China.
文摘This paper reported a new analytical method for the simultaneous determination of seven benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers and seven antibacterial agents in textiles. After ultrasonic extraction for the textile samples in methanol, the solutions were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromotagraphy/orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC/Orbitrap HRMS). It showed that a good chromatographic separation for these target compounds was achieved by a Hypersil GOLD column (100 mm × 2.1 mm × 1.9 μm) with a gradient elution of methanol and 0.1% aqueous formic acid solution (containing 0.5 mmol/L ammonium acetate). Triclosan and 4-chloro-3,5-dimethyl phenol (PCMX) were detected by the orbitrap HRMS in an electrospray ionization (ESI) negative mode while the other twelve target compounds were detected by orbitrap HRMS in ESI positive mode. Full scan experiment was performed over the range from m/z 100 to m/z 500. These target compounds were routinely detected with mass accuracy below 2 × 10-6 (2 ppm) at the optimized conditions. The results showed that the limits of detection (LODs) were in the range from 0.1 to 0.3 μg/kg. The blank samples were spiked at three levels and their average recoveries varied from 80.5% to 96.3% while the relative standard deviation (RSD) changed from 3.2% to 9.9%. The present method was also applied for the determination of those ultraviolet absorbers and antibacterial agents in the commercial textiles.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10275063)
文摘A compact gamma-ray detector with good spatial resolution for emission computed tomography (E-CT) applications has been developed. The detector is composed of NaI(Tl) scintillation pixels array and Hamamastu R2486-05 PSPMT. Having a pixel size of 2 mm × 2 mm and an overall dimension of 48.2 mm × 48.2mm × 5 mm, it has 484 pixels in a 22×22 matrix. An average spatial resolution of 2.5mm (FWHM) was achieved. The slope of position linearity is constant within 10% in a range of 40mm. After corrections, the average value of differential non-linearity and absolute non-linearity were 0.16mm and 0.535mm respectively, and a 17% at FWHM of total energy resolution for 241Am was obtained.
文摘Nano-Scale mapping of minerals and organic compounds give unprecedented high resolution information on the origin and nature of substances,and provide new insight on their correlative distribution and interaction,thus present a powerful tool to study the progressive changes of geological samples,and may even be applied to study extraterrestrial samples in search of life.One example we present here explore the use of elemental microprobe,X-Ray Photon Spectroscopy(XPS),and synchrotron-based Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy(STXM) coupled with Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure(NEXAFS) Spectroscopy to investigate the surface properties and stability of micron-size organic carbonaceous particles from Central Amazon,Brazil,specifically focusing on black carbon in Kaolinitic Oxisol originated from anthropogenic processes,and their interaction with cations.
文摘Modern computer techniques have been in use for several years to generate three-dimensional visualizations of human anatomy. Very good 3-D computer models of the human body are now available and used routinely in anatomy instruction. These techniques are subsumed under the heading “virtual anatomy” to distinguish them from the conventional study of anatomy entailing cadavers and anatomy textbooks. Moreover, other imaging procedures (X-ray, angiography, CT and MR) are also used in virtual anatomy instruction. A recently introduced three-dimensional post-processing technique named Cinematic Rendering now makes it possible to use the output of routine CT and MR examinations as the basis for highly photo-realistic 3-D depictions of human anatomy. We have installed Cinematic Rendering (enabled for stereoscopy) in a high-definition 8K 3-D projection space that accommodates an audience of 150. The space’s projection surface measures 16 × 9 meters;images can be projected on both the front wall and the floor. A game controller can be used to operate Cinematic Rendering software so that it can generate interactive real-time depictions of human anatomy on the basis of CT and MR data sets. This prototype installation was implemented without technical problems;in day-to-day, real-world use over a period of 22 months, there were no impairments of service due to software crashes or other technical problems. We are already employing this installation routinely for educational offerings open to the public, courses for students in the health professions, and (continuing) professional education units for medical interns, residents and specialists—in, so to speak, the dissecting theater of the future.
文摘目的对比常规薄层图像和高分辨率联合最大密度投影(high resolution combined with maximum intensity projection,HR-MIP)重建图像在检出肺内结节方面的差异,评价HR-MIP对肺内结节的检出效能。方法随机选取天津医科大学朱宪彝纪念医院2021年12月至2022年6月期间行胸部CT检查的患者共90例,其中男性52例,女性38例,年龄18~82(43±12.5)岁。分别利用2 mm层厚的常规薄层图像和HR-MIP(厚度4 mm)重建图像观察肺内结节的情况,根据结节大小分为<5 mm和≥5 mm两组。两位诊断医师分别对两组图像进行阅片并记录结节的数量、大小及性质(实性、部分实性、磨玻璃),同时记录阅读每例患者阅片时所耗费的时间。比较常规薄层图像和HR-MIP在结节检出率及耗费时间方面的差异。采用配对t检验、χ^(2)检验进行统计学分析。结果90例患者共有结节313个,<5 mm 255个、≥5 mm 58个,其中常规薄层图像和HR-MIP分别检出结节的总数为253个(80.1%)、285个(91.0%),HR-MIP检出率高于常规薄层图像,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.523,P<0.001);其中常规薄层图像和HR-MIP检出<5 mm及≥5 mm结节的数量分别为(208比235)和(45比50),<5 mm组差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.517,P<0.001),≥5 mm组差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.408,P=0.237)。结节性质方面:实性、部分实性及磨玻璃密度结节分别有261、22、30个;常规薄层图像和HR-MIP检出实性、部分实性和磨玻璃密度结节分别为(210比245)、(15比17)和(28比23),其中两种方法实性结节检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=34.812,P<0.001),部分实性和磨玻璃密度结节检出率差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.631,P=0.407;χ^(2)=1.231,P=0.224)。常规薄层图像耗时为(215.3±23.8)s,HR-MIP耗时为(133.2±19.1)s,差异有统计学意义(t=18.013,P<0.001)。结论利用HR-MIP重建后阅片能够提高肺内实性小结节的检出率并且可以缩短阅片时间、提高诊断效率,但是对于部分实性及磨玻璃密度小结节仍需仔细观察。
