This study describes the development of novel protocols extending the real-time ultrasonic reflectometry(UTDR) for the detection of membrane fouling in hollow fiber module during ultrafiltration(UF) of oily water trea...This study describes the development of novel protocols extending the real-time ultrasonic reflectometry(UTDR) for the detection of membrane fouling in hollow fiber module during ultrafiltration(UF) of oily water treatment. A specially designed acoustic sensor with a frequency of 2.5 MHz was used. The hollow fiber membranes used were polysulphone(PSf) UF membranes with MWCO 40 kDa. The wastewaters with three different oily concentrations of 100, 500 and 1 000 mg/L were investigated. Diesel oil was utilized as the primary foulant. The results show that the permeate flux declines with operation time and its value becomes lower with the increase of the oily concentration in wastewater. It is found that ultrasonic measurement can detect the fouling and cleaning processes. A new signal analysis protocol-ultrasonic reflected energy was developed. Ultrasonic reflected energy obtained indicates the deposition of oily layer as a function of operation time and its removal after cleaning. The overall flux decline is reasonably correlated with the changes in ultrasonic reflected energy. This research provides the evidence that the ultrasonic reflectometry technique is capable of monitoring membrane fouling and cleaning in hollow fiber modules.展开更多
天然气水合物饱和度是评估天然气水合物资源量的重要参数,而用来估算饱和度的速度模型则是有限的几个,它们有的为经验公式,有的是以实验数据或野外资料为基础建立起来的,需要进行实验验证和参数分析以确定其使用的适用性.本文首次利用...天然气水合物饱和度是评估天然气水合物资源量的重要参数,而用来估算饱和度的速度模型则是有限的几个,它们有的为经验公式,有的是以实验数据或野外资料为基础建立起来的,需要进行实验验证和参数分析以确定其使用的适用性.本文首次利用超声和时域反射联合探测技术,研究了沉积物中水合物饱和度与声学特性的关系.并对时间平均方程、伍德及其修正方程、李权重方程和BGTL(Biot-Gassmann Theory by Lee)理论等常用的水合物饱和度估算模型进行了验证.实验结果表明,超声和时域反射联合探测技术能有效地实时获得水合物饱和度和纵、横波速的实验数据,李权重方程和BGTL理论的速度预测值与实验值比较吻合,有广泛的适用性.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry of China Projects(043612611, 05YFGDGX10000) supported by the Natural Science Foundation and Development Program of Science and Technology of Tianjin, China
文摘This study describes the development of novel protocols extending the real-time ultrasonic reflectometry(UTDR) for the detection of membrane fouling in hollow fiber module during ultrafiltration(UF) of oily water treatment. A specially designed acoustic sensor with a frequency of 2.5 MHz was used. The hollow fiber membranes used were polysulphone(PSf) UF membranes with MWCO 40 kDa. The wastewaters with three different oily concentrations of 100, 500 and 1 000 mg/L were investigated. Diesel oil was utilized as the primary foulant. The results show that the permeate flux declines with operation time and its value becomes lower with the increase of the oily concentration in wastewater. It is found that ultrasonic measurement can detect the fouling and cleaning processes. A new signal analysis protocol-ultrasonic reflected energy was developed. Ultrasonic reflected energy obtained indicates the deposition of oily layer as a function of operation time and its removal after cleaning. The overall flux decline is reasonably correlated with the changes in ultrasonic reflected energy. This research provides the evidence that the ultrasonic reflectometry technique is capable of monitoring membrane fouling and cleaning in hollow fiber modules.
文摘天然气水合物饱和度是评估天然气水合物资源量的重要参数,而用来估算饱和度的速度模型则是有限的几个,它们有的为经验公式,有的是以实验数据或野外资料为基础建立起来的,需要进行实验验证和参数分析以确定其使用的适用性.本文首次利用超声和时域反射联合探测技术,研究了沉积物中水合物饱和度与声学特性的关系.并对时间平均方程、伍德及其修正方程、李权重方程和BGTL(Biot-Gassmann Theory by Lee)理论等常用的水合物饱和度估算模型进行了验证.实验结果表明,超声和时域反射联合探测技术能有效地实时获得水合物饱和度和纵、横波速的实验数据,李权重方程和BGTL理论的速度预测值与实验值比较吻合,有广泛的适用性.
