Ultrasonic wave extraction and simultaneous analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalic esters in soil

A method is developed for detection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and Phthalic Acid Esters(PAEs) in soil samples. Ultrasonic Wave Extraction under airtight circumstances is adopted to extract the analytes in soil samples with n-hexane–acetone(V:V=1:1) as extraction solvent. This method has several advantages, including high extraction efficiency, short time, convenience and simplicity. It can be used to detect polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) and Phthalic Acid Esters(PAEs) in soil.

Chinese Herbs as an Example for a New Class of Feed Ingredients in Aquatic Animal Diets

Chinese herbal flavonoids play a role in improving the health of aquatic animals and optimizing the quality of aquatic products.The efficient extraction of flavonoids is beneficial to deepening the application of flavonoids in aquatic products.To explore the optimal way of flavonoid extraction has become a hot research topic.In this study,based on temperature,ultrasonic power and extraction time,the best ways to extract flavonoids from four Chinese herbal medicines,purslane,Verbena,Fructus Amomi and Alpinia oxyphylla,were explored.Through single-factor and multi-factor optimization extraction,the most appropriate conditions for flavonoid extraction were obtained.The results showed that the best way of ultrasonic assisted extraction of flavonoids was purslane at 40℃,300 W(400 W),Verbena at 70℃,400W,Fructus Amomi at 50℃,200 W,and A.oxyphylla at 40℃,400W,and 40 min.The results of orthogonal design showed that purslane could get 13.20 mg/g at 40℃,400 W and 50 min,Verbena could get 10.23 mg/g at 60℃,300 W and 30 min,Fructus Amomi could get 8.18 mg/g at 50℃,300 W and 60 min,and A.oxyphylla could get 7.31 mg/g at 30℃,300 W and 50 min.

Extraction of artemisinin with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin aqueous solution for fabrication of drinkable extract

A process for extraction of artemisinin(Ars)from Artemisia annua L.based on aqueous solution of cyclodextrin derivative under ultrasonic irradiation was proposed.Among the test additives,the system containing edible hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin(HPBCD)was shown to be efficient for this extraction.The optimal extraction conditions were predicted by artificial neural network,under which the extraction amount of Ars could reach 8.66 mg per gram of the leaves,much higher than the value in water(1.70 mg g-1).Kinetics study indicated that HPBCD enhanced the equilibrium amount of Ars in water,and ultrasonic irradiation accelerated extraction rate and reduced the activation energy.Mechanism study showed that the formation of Ars-HPBCD complex during extraction enhanced the water solubility of Ars and facilitated the extraction,and the configuration of Ars-HPBCD complex was modeled by molecular docking,which was further verified by characterizations.This work provides a convenient way to fabricate the traditional tea-based medicament of natural drugs to make production of this famous antimalarial medicine cheaper.