Both endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)-guided choledochoduodenostomy( EUS- CDS) and EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy(EUS-HGS) are relatively well established as alternatives to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(P...Both endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)-guided choledochoduodenostomy( EUS- CDS) and EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy(EUS-HGS) are relatively well established as alternatives to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD). Both EUSCDS and EUS-HGS have high technical and clinical success rates(more than 90%) in high-volume centers. Complications for both procedures remain high at 10%-30%. Procedures performed by endoscopists who have done fewer than 20 cases sometimes result in severe or fatal complications. When learning EUSguided biliary drainage(EUS-BD), we recommend a mentor's supervision during at least the first 20 cases. For inoperable malignant lower biliary obstruction, a skillful endoscopist should perform EUS-BD before EUS-guided rendezvous technique(EUS-RV) and PTBD. We should be select EUS-BD for patients having altered anatomy from malignant tumors before balloon-enteroscope-assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, EUS-RV, and PTBD. If both EUS-CDS and EUS-HGS are available, we should select EUS-CDS, according to published data. EUSBD will potentially become a first-line biliary drainage procedure in the near future.展开更多
A novel method for simultaneous determination of kolliphor HS15 and miglyol 812 in microemulsion formulation was developed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a nano quantitation analytical...A novel method for simultaneous determination of kolliphor HS15 and miglyol 812 in microemulsion formulation was developed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a nano quantitation analytical detector （UHPLC-NQAD）. All components in kolliphor HS15 and miglyo1812 were well separated on an Acquity BEH C18 column. Mobile phase A was 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid （TFA） in water and mobile phase B was acetonitrile. A gradient elution sequence was programed initially with 60% organic solvent, slowly increased to 100% within 8 min. The flow rate was 0.7 mL/min. Good linearity （r 〉 0.95） was obtained in the range of 27.6-1381.1 μg/mL for polyoxyl 15 hydroxystearate in kolliphor HS15, 0.8-202.0 μg/mL for caprylic acid triglyceride and 2.7-221.9μg/mL for capric acid triglyceride in miglyol 812. The relative standard deviations （RSD） ranged from 0.6% to 1.7% for intra-day precision and from 0.4% to 2.7% for inter-day precision. The overall recoveries （accuracy） were 99.7%-101.4% for polyoxyl 15 hydroxystearate in kolliphor HS15, 96.7%-99.6% for caprylic acid triglyceride, and 94.1%- 103.3% for capric acid triglyceride in miglyol 812. Quantification limits （QL） were determined as 27.6 μg/ mL for polyoxy115 hydroxystearate in kolliphor HS15, 0.8 μg/mL for caprylic acid triglyceride, and 2.7 μg/ mL for capric acid triglyceride in miglyol 812. No interferences were observed in the retention time ranges of kolliphor HSI5 and miglyol 812. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, QL, and robustness. The proposed method has been applied to microemulsion for- mulation analyses with good recoveries （82.2%-103.4%）.展开更多
睡眠障碍受到越来越多的关注,且自动化睡眠分期的准确性、泛化性受到了越来越多的挑战。然而,公开的睡眠数据十分有限,睡眠分期任务实际上更近似于一种小样本场景;同时由于睡眠特征的个体差异普遍存在,现有的机器学习模型很难保证准确...睡眠障碍受到越来越多的关注,且自动化睡眠分期的准确性、泛化性受到了越来越多的挑战。然而,公开的睡眠数据十分有限,睡眠分期任务实际上更近似于一种小样本场景;同时由于睡眠特征的个体差异普遍存在,现有的机器学习模型很难保证准确判读未参与训练的新受试者的数据。为了实现对新受试者睡眠数据的精准分期,现有研究通常需要额外采集、标注新受试者的大量数据,并对模型进行个性化微调。基于此,借鉴迁移学习中基于缩放-偏移的权重迁移思想,提出一种元迁移睡眠分期模型MTSL(Meta Transfer Sleep Learner),设计了一种新的元迁移学习框架:训练阶段包括预训练与元迁移训练两步,其中元迁移训练时使用大量的元任务进行训练;而在测试阶段仅使用极少的新受试者数据进行微调,模型就能轻松适应新受试者的特征分布,大幅减少对新受试者进行准确睡眠分期的成本。在两个公开的睡眠数据集上的实验结果表明,MTSL模型在单数据集、跨数据集两种条件下都能取得更高的准确率和F1分数,这表明MTSL更适合小样本场景下的睡眠分期任务。展开更多
文摘Both endoscopic ultrasonography(EUS)-guided choledochoduodenostomy( EUS- CDS) and EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy(EUS-HGS) are relatively well established as alternatives to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD). Both EUSCDS and EUS-HGS have high technical and clinical success rates(more than 90%) in high-volume centers. Complications for both procedures remain high at 10%-30%. Procedures performed by endoscopists who have done fewer than 20 cases sometimes result in severe or fatal complications. When learning EUSguided biliary drainage(EUS-BD), we recommend a mentor's supervision during at least the first 20 cases. For inoperable malignant lower biliary obstruction, a skillful endoscopist should perform EUS-BD before EUS-guided rendezvous technique(EUS-RV) and PTBD. We should be select EUS-BD for patients having altered anatomy from malignant tumors before balloon-enteroscope-assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, EUS-RV, and PTBD. If both EUS-CDS and EUS-HGS are available, we should select EUS-CDS, according to published data. EUSBD will potentially become a first-line biliary drainage procedure in the near future.
文摘A novel method for simultaneous determination of kolliphor HS15 and miglyol 812 in microemulsion formulation was developed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a nano quantitation analytical detector （UHPLC-NQAD）. All components in kolliphor HS15 and miglyo1812 were well separated on an Acquity BEH C18 column. Mobile phase A was 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid （TFA） in water and mobile phase B was acetonitrile. A gradient elution sequence was programed initially with 60% organic solvent, slowly increased to 100% within 8 min. The flow rate was 0.7 mL/min. Good linearity （r 〉 0.95） was obtained in the range of 27.6-1381.1 μg/mL for polyoxyl 15 hydroxystearate in kolliphor HS15, 0.8-202.0 μg/mL for caprylic acid triglyceride and 2.7-221.9μg/mL for capric acid triglyceride in miglyol 812. The relative standard deviations （RSD） ranged from 0.6% to 1.7% for intra-day precision and from 0.4% to 2.7% for inter-day precision. The overall recoveries （accuracy） were 99.7%-101.4% for polyoxyl 15 hydroxystearate in kolliphor HS15, 96.7%-99.6% for caprylic acid triglyceride, and 94.1%- 103.3% for capric acid triglyceride in miglyol 812. Quantification limits （QL） were determined as 27.6 μg/ mL for polyoxy115 hydroxystearate in kolliphor HS15, 0.8 μg/mL for caprylic acid triglyceride, and 2.7 μg/ mL for capric acid triglyceride in miglyol 812. No interferences were observed in the retention time ranges of kolliphor HSI5 and miglyol 812. The method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, QL, and robustness. The proposed method has been applied to microemulsion for- mulation analyses with good recoveries （82.2%-103.4%）.
文摘睡眠障碍受到越来越多的关注,且自动化睡眠分期的准确性、泛化性受到了越来越多的挑战。然而,公开的睡眠数据十分有限,睡眠分期任务实际上更近似于一种小样本场景;同时由于睡眠特征的个体差异普遍存在,现有的机器学习模型很难保证准确判读未参与训练的新受试者的数据。为了实现对新受试者睡眠数据的精准分期,现有研究通常需要额外采集、标注新受试者的大量数据,并对模型进行个性化微调。基于此,借鉴迁移学习中基于缩放-偏移的权重迁移思想,提出一种元迁移睡眠分期模型MTSL(Meta Transfer Sleep Learner),设计了一种新的元迁移学习框架:训练阶段包括预训练与元迁移训练两步,其中元迁移训练时使用大量的元任务进行训练;而在测试阶段仅使用极少的新受试者数据进行微调,模型就能轻松适应新受试者的特征分布,大幅减少对新受试者进行准确睡眠分期的成本。在两个公开的睡眠数据集上的实验结果表明,MTSL模型在单数据集、跨数据集两种条件下都能取得更高的准确率和F1分数,这表明MTSL更适合小样本场景下的睡眠分期任务。
文摘基于光电容积脉搏波描记法(Photo Plethysmo Graphy,PPG)的柔性传感器可进行心率(Heart Rate,HR)和血压(Blood Pressure,BP)检测,但是对其检测结果的标定报道甚少.据此,本文提出一种基于模拟血液循环的反射式PPG心率检测和血压标定系统.以蠕动泵来产生脉动流,通过调节其转速的大小来控制模拟血液输送的频率和压力,从而引起弹性乳胶管内模拟血液体积的变化,而改变反射光的信号周期与强度,贴近于人体脉搏测量过程的实际场景.该系统心率检测误差均值为0.27778,95%一致性界限为(-2.59562,3.15117),所测收缩压(Systolic Blood Pressure,SBP)和舒张压(Diastolic Blood Pressure,DBP)的拟合优度分别为0.97185和0.98111.经标定后的柔性PPG传感器对4名志愿者检测的SBP和DBP的平均偏差(Mean Deviation,MD)±标准差(Standard Deviation,SD)均值分别为(1.21±2.16)mmHg和(0.76±2.02)mmHg,均符合且远小于美国医疗仪器促进协会(Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation,AAMI)所制定的衡量血压计精度的标准指标(5±8)mmHg.结果表明,该系统能够准确高效地标定柔性PPG传感器,为实现便携式可穿戴设备的精准血压检测提供标定基础.
