Plasma motilin concentration in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and postpartum

Plasma motilin concentrations were measured in 135 women during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and 3～5 d after delivery and the results were compared with those of 20 healthy nonpregnant women.The mean plasma motilin concentration (323.96± 125.10 ng/L) in women during the second trimester of pregnancy was lower than in healthy nonpregnant women (366.12±96.23 ng/L) (P<0.05),but that was significantly higher than in women during the third trimester of pregnancy (121.04±27.00 ng/L) (P<0.01);the plasma motilin concentration in women during 3～5d after delivery (443.05±140.79 ng/L) was significantly higher than that in pregnant women (P<0.01).The results showed that pregnancy appears to have a profound inhibitory effect on plasma motilin,and this may partly be responsible for the gastrointestinal hypomotility associated with pregnancy.

Influence of Vitamin D Level in the Second Trimester of Pregnancy on the Complications of Chinese Pregnant Women and Fetuses

Background:Vitamin D has been found to have more biological effects beyond the traditional research range,which involve in immunoregulation,occurrence,and development of tumor,reproduction,cell differentiation,and so forth.Herein,the influence of Vitamin D level in the second trimester of pregnancy on the Chinese pregnant women and fetal weight was investigated.Methods:Totally 1,612 pregnant women were followed up during the study,the 25-hydroxyvitamin D(25(OH)D)level was measured with ELISA at the 16th gestational week,and the fasting blood glucose was measured with hexokinase method using an automatic biochemistry analyzer at the same time.At week 24,oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)was performed to test the blood glucose level(fasting blood glucose,1 h and 2 h after oral administration of glucose).Besides,other indices(e.g.,fetal birth weight)were recorded and analyzed by SPSS version 19.0 software.Results:Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that the serum 25(OH)D had a negative correlation with blood glucose at 1 h after oral glucose administration at week 24 in OGTT(correlation coefficient:−0.03,P=0.01).However,it did not have correlations with the fasting blood glucose at weeks 16 and 24 as well as the blood glucose at 2 h after oral glucose administration at week 24.The Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between Vitamin D level in the pregnant women and fetal birth weight,and there was no correlation between them.Conclusion:The Vitamin D level in the second trimester of pregnancy had a negative correlation with blood glucose glucose at 1 h after oral glucose administration and had no correlation with fetal birth weight.

Maternal Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Level and Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody Status in the First and Second Trimester of Pregnancy and Their Relationship with the Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Objective:To investigate thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH)levels and thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAb)in early pregnancy and to estimate the risk of development of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods:The levels of TSH,free thyroxine,free triiodothyronine,and TPOAb were retrospectively evaluated in 2333 pregnant women.All women recruited were divided into groups of TSH high(H),TSH low(L),TSH(H)TPOAb positive(+),TSH(H)TPOAb negative(-),TSH normal(N)TPOAb(+),TSH(L)TPOAb(+),TSH(L)TPOAb(-),and estimated the risk of GDM.Results:TSH level(X^(2)=13.0024,P=0.0015)and TSH combined TPOAb(X^(2)=20.0038,P=0.0012)were correlated to development of GDM.The level of TSH in 95 women was increased,and in 216 women were decreased.Of the 2333 pregnant women,546 patients were diagnosed with GDM,with a prevalence of 23.40%.The prevalence of GDM was 35.78%and 28.70%for the TSH high(H)and TSH low(L)pregnant women,respectively.The increased TSH(P=0.0013,odds ratio:2.09,confidence interval:1.34-3.28)was correlated to increase GDM incidence.TSH(H)TPOAb(+)(n=29),TSH(H)TPOAb(-)(n=58),TSH normal(N)TPOAb(+)(n=265),TSH(L)TPOAb(+)(n=30),TSH(L)TPOAb(-)(n=154)were in this study.The prevalence of GDM was 51.72%,29.31%,23.02%,26.67%,and 29.87%for the TSH(H)TPOAb(+),TSH(H)TPOAb(-),TSH(N)TPOAb(+),TSH(L)TPOAb(+),and TSH(L)TPOAb(-)pregnant women,respectively.Only the TSH(H)TPOAb(+)pregnant women had a significant higher incidence of GDM(P=0.0018,odds ratio:3.63,confidence interval:1.62-8.16).Trimester specific results showed that only second trimester had higher GDM risk either analyze TSH or the combination of TSH and TPOAb.Conclusion:Elevated TSH level and TPOAb positive in the second trimester of pregnancy were correlated to an increased risk of GDM.

Quality Control of Second Trimester Ultrasound Examinations in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of the University Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo (UTH-YO) of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Objective: To evaluate the quality of second trimester ultrasound examinations in patients consulting in the gynecology and obstetrics department at the University Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo (UTH-YO) of Ouagadougou. Method: Our study took place from January 1st to March 31st 2017, in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the University Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo of Ouagadougou. This was a descriptive study on the records of the second trimester ultrasound of pregnancy, with analysis of the iconography. We used the criteria of the Technical Committee of Fetal Echography (TCFE) of France to analyse all the ultrasound reports brought by the patients. Results: Three hundred ultrasound reports were collected over three months. It revealed that, in terms of patient identification, 100% of the reports bore the surname and first name of the pregnant woman;88% and 94.67% of the ultrasound scans bore the surname and first name of the ultrasound specialist respectively. Only 2% presented the brand and type of ultrasound scanner. The study of the quality of the appointment showed that 52% of the ultrasounds had been performed at the right time, between 20 Gestational Age (GA) and 25 GA. For the quality of the iconography, referring to the recommendations of the Technical Committee of Fetal Echography (TCFE) of France and taking into account the data confirmed by the literature, we found that the quality was slightly acceptable either respectively for biometric and morphological sections. Conclusion: The quality of the ultrasound reports of the second trimester ultrasounds in patients consulting in the obstetrics and gynecology department of the University Hospital Yalgado OUEDRAOGO was not totally satisfactory.

A perspective study and financial analysis of different protocols of second trimester maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome

Objective:To compare the efficiency and related financial parameters of the double- and triple-marker test for the second-trimester maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome. Methods:The serum samples were collected from the 2^(nd) trimester pregnant women in this hospital and were examined for three biomedical markers[alpha-fetoprotein(AFP),freeβ-human chorionic gonadotropin(freeβ-hCG) and unconjugated estriol(uE_3)]by TR-FIA.The pregnancy outcomes were followed up and screening efficiency calculated for double-marker(AFP+freeβ-hCG) and triple-marker(AFP+ freeβ-hCG+uE_3) test. Results:(1)A total of 4,707 serum samples of 2^(nd) trimester pregnancy were collected in this study,of which 4,245 pregnancy outcomes got followed up by May 30,2009,with 462 cases lost to follow-up.The follow-up rate was 90.2%.3 cases of Down's syndrome,4 cases of other chromosome abnormalities and 1 case of neural tube defect (NTD) were found.There was no medically induced miscarriage by invasive tests.(2) Detection rate and false positive rate of triple marker test for Down's syndrome screening were 66.7%and 5.26%,respectively,while those in double marker test were 33.3%and 4.01%,respectively.The detection rate of all chromosome abnormalities was 75%in triple marker test and 37.5%in double marker test.The detection rate of NTD was 100%either in double or triple marker test.(3) It costs 499,375 RMB to avoid one Down's syndrome birth by using triple marker test and 781,200 RMB by using double marker test. Conclusion:Triple-marker test is superior to double marker test in 2nd trimester maternal serum screening for Down's syndrome,and costs less to avoid a Down's syndrome birth.

Comparison of Preliminary Clinical Efficacy for Two Cervical Preparations for Early Second-trimester Pregnancy Termination at 12-17 Weeks Gestation

Objective To compare clinical efficacy for two cervical preparations for early secondtrimester pregnancy termination at 12-17 weeks gestation. Methods Seventy healthy women aged 18-41 years requesting legal termination of pregnancy at 12-17 weeks of gestation were equally randomized into two groups. Two cervical preparations, the Dilapan-STM combined with mifepristone and misoprostol （DMM） method, and the mifepristone combined with misoprostol （MM） method, were used to end early second-trimester pregnancy for group DMM and group MM, respectively. Clinical outcomes and complications for these two methods were compared. Results No differences were found on rates of successful abortion within 48 h and blood loss after abortion at 2 h between the two groups （P〉0.05）. DMM group had significant shorter induction-to-abortion interval and hospital stay compared with group MM （P〈0.01）. In both DMM and MM groups, side effects including nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, chills and rigors, and fever occurred, and incidences of these side effects were no difference （P〉0.05）. Conclusion DMM method would have similar clinical efficacies with MM method for early second-trimester pregnancy termination. Besides,DMM method has shorter induction-to-abortion interval and hospital stay, which benefits its clinical application.

Successful Deliveries of Twins from Two Pregnant Women Following Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes in the Early Second-Trimester Pregnancy

The management of preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) before 34 weeks of gestation is intractable, due to pulmonary immaturity, many complications, poor pregnancy outcomes. In particular, the pre-viable PPROM (<23 weeks of gestation) is much more difficult to be treated. The clinical recommendation is to terminate the pregnancy as soon as possible. The pregnancy outcomes of PPROM in the early second-trimester of two twin pregnant women in our hospital were reported to explore the treatment protocols. The pregnancies of the two women developed PROM at 12 and 16 weeks of gestation, respectively. After expectant treatment, they were deliveried successfully at 34+6 and 34+4 weeks of gestation, respectively. The assessment of growth and development of infants was normal during the following six months after birth. Therefore, if PPROM occurs in the early second-trimester of pregnancy, the management of PPROM should be individualized, it’s a long process which should include comprehensive communication between patients and families regarding alternative treatment options (including expectant management) and risks and benefits of the procedure. In the absence of spontaneous labor or occurrence of complications that would prompt delivery (intra-amniotic infection, abruptio placenta, cord prolapse), and fetal status is normal, the patients should proceed with expectant treatment, induction of labor is commonly performed in pregnancies with PPROM ≥34 weeks of gestation.

基于多模态超声建构胎儿先天性心脏病决策树模型及其应用价值

目的:分析基于多模态超声建构胎儿先天性心脏病决策树模型及其应用价值。方法:随机选取2021年4月-2023年7月在本院产前超声检查孕中期孕妇300例,常规产科超声检查确定胎儿生长程度,核实孕周,采用超声多断面模式方法对胎儿心脏进行多断面检测,包括四腔心断面、三血管断面、主动脉弓断面、左室流出道断面、右室流出道断面。对正常分娩的新生儿进行心脏多断面超声检测。对300例胎儿进行多断面模式超声检测,分析胎儿是否伴有先天性心脏畸形,对比超声检查与随访结果符合情况。结果:超声检出21例先天性心脏畸形胎儿,8例选择引产,余13例正常分娩。超声诊断与随访结果对比,卵圆孔直径增大、法洛四联症、完全型心内膜垫缺损、二尖瓣闭锁、右室发育不良综合征、左室发育不良综合征、大动脉转位、永存动脉干、单心室、三尖瓣下移符合率均为100%,超声诊断室间隔缺损7例,随访发现室间隔诊断5例,诊断符合率71.4%。279例超声诊断无先天性心脏畸形胎儿出生后经超声诊断发现有1例卵圆孔未闭、3例室间隔缺损,共4例漏诊患儿,漏诊率0.54%。四腔心断面、三血管断面、主动脉弓断面、左室流出道断面、右室流出道断面诊断胎儿畸形率分别为3.95%、0.63%、2.76%、3.27%、3.25%。由决策树模型可得,产前超声检查发现胎儿心脏可疑异常、高龄孕妇、孕妇接受药物治疗或射线暴露、孕妇有先天性心脏病家族史是胎儿存在先天性心脏病的独立危险因素,其中产前超声检查发现胎儿心脏可疑异常的影响最为显著。结论:孕中期胎儿产前超声多断面模式筛查胎儿先天性心脏病,能够对多数胎儿先天性心脏病进行诊断。

基于中孕期临床数据构建孕妇发生自发性早产的预测模型:一项单中心的回顾性研究

目的 基于中孕期临床数据分析孕妇发生自发性早产(SPB)的影响因素,并建立预测模型。方法 回顾性分析1 051名孕妇的临床资料,其中分娩时孕周<37周的孕妇为SPB组,≥37周的孕妇为足月组。使用多因素logistic回归模型探究孕妇发生SPB的影响因素。按照7∶3的比例将孕妇随机分成训练集和验证集,采用决策树算法建立孕妇发生SPB的预测模型,并采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线评估模型预测性能。结果 多因素分析结果显示,分娩时年龄(OR=1.070,95%CI:1.001~1.144)、孕次(OR=1.888,95%CI:1.023~3.485),以及孕中期白细胞计数(OR=1.144,95%CI:1.026~1.276)、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)(OR=1.603,95%CI:1.152~2.232)、胎儿纤维连接蛋白(fFN)(OR=6.961,95%CI:3.740~12.955)、阴道清洁度(OR=6.673,95%CI:3.661~12.161)均是孕妇发生SPB的影响因素(均P<0.05)。训练集与验证集的决策树模型ROC曲线下面积分别为0.796(95%CI:0.720~0.871)和0.786(95%CI:0.658~0.913),准确度分别为93.99%和94.83%。Delong检验显示,验证集决策树模型ROC曲线下积与训练集决策树模型差异无统计学意义(D=0.126,P=0.786),提示模型预测效能较好。结论 分娩时年龄、孕次,以及孕中期白细胞计数和NLR水平、fFN、阴道清洁度均是孕妇发生SPB的影响因素,基于这些因素构建的决策树模型,预测性能较好,可为临床实现孕妇发生SPB风险的个性化的预测提供参考。

经腹联合经阴道超声在孕晚期孕妇前置胎盘诊断中的应用效果

目的探析经腹超声、经阴道超声在孕晚期孕妇前置胎盘诊断中的应用效果。方法共选择我院妇产科就诊的疑似80例孕晚期前置胎盘孕妇,就诊时间为2020年1月至2023年12月,孕妇均接受经腹超声、经阴道超声两种检查方式,以手术结果作为金标准,统计不同诊断方式(单一诊断、联合诊断)下诊断不同分型前置胎盘的诊断结果、诊断效能以及受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析结果。结果80例疑似患者中,前置胎盘患者71例,非前置胎盘患者9例。手术诊断不同分型的前置胎盘结果为:完全型25例、部分型18例、边缘型14例、低置胎盘14例;经腹部超声诊断不同分型的前置胎盘符合率分别为:完全型80.0%、部分型88.9%、边缘型71.4%、低置胎盘57.1%;经阴道超声诊断不同分型的前置胎盘符合率分别为:完全型96.0%、部分型88.9%、边缘型78.6%、低置胎盘42.9%;联合诊断不同分型的前置胎盘符合率分别为:完全型100%、部分型100%、边缘型92.9%、低置胎盘85.7%。联合诊断低置胎盘的符合率明显高于单一诊断方式(P<0.05),联合诊断在部分型、边缘型前置胎盘的符合率高于经腹部超声(P<0.05)。经腹超声单一诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为69.0%(49/71)、44.4%(4/9)、66.3%(53/80),经阴道超声单一诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为71.8%(51/71)、33.3%(3/9)、71.3%(54/80),联合诊断的灵敏度、特异度、准确度分别为94.4%(67/71)、67.5%(8/9)、93.8%(75/80),联合诊断孕晚期孕妇前置胎盘的灵敏度、特异度以及准确度明显高于经腹超声、经阴道超声(P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,经腹超声、经腹超声联合诊断的曲线下面积高于单一诊断的曲线下面积(P<0.05)。结论经腹超声、经阴道超声联合诊断方式在孕晚期孕妇低置胎盘诊断中的诊断符合率较高,其灵敏度、特异度以及准确度较单一诊断方式更高,更有助于临床医师进行病情诊断。

微血管血流联合LumiFlow成像技术获取早中孕期胎儿心脏标准切面中的应用

目的探讨微血管血流(MV-Flow)联合LumiFlow成像技术在获取11~17^(+6)周胎儿心脏标准切面中的应用价值。资料与方法回顾性收集2022年7月-2023年8月在解放军总医院第一医学中心接受胎儿超声心动图检查的正常早中孕期孕妇63例,行胎儿超声心动图彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI)及MV-Flow联合LumiFlow检查,分别获取国际妇产科超声学会推荐的8个诊断切面,对不同模式下各标准切面图的血流要素进行评分,比较CDFI及MV-Flow联合LumiFlow在各诊断切面的显示成功率及评分。结果63例孕妇共进行66次胎儿超声心动图检查,MV-Flow联合LumiFlow在上腹横切面、四腔心切面、主动脉弓切面显示成功率分别为98.48%、98.48%、96.97%,高于CDFI(χ^(2)=5.143、8.100、6.125,P<0.05),在三血管气管切面和左心室流出道切面显示成功率分别为39.40%和43.94%,显著低于CDFI(χ^(2)=13.885、7.579,P<0.05)。MV-Flow联合LumiFlow及CDFI两者在动脉导管弓切面、上下腔静脉长轴切面及所有切面总体评分差异无统计学意义(Z/t=-1.56、-1.77、-0.41,P>0.05);在上腹横切面、四腔心切面及主弓脉弓切面,MV-Flow联合LumiFlow评分显著高于传统CDFI(t=-5.14、-6.08、-6.63,P<0.001),左、右心室流出道切面及三血管气管切面CDFI评分显著高于MV-Flow联合LumiFlow(Z=-4.00、-2.93、-4.61,P<0.05)。结论MV-Flow联合LumiFlow在上腹横切面、四腔心切面与主弓脉弓切面的显示较CDFI更具优势,可以作为早期胎心筛查中血流显像技术的有效补充。

纵隔子宫患者妊娠晚期剖宫产母儿结局分析

目的:分析妊娠晚期行剖宫产术的纵隔子宫患者的母儿结局情况。方法:收集于华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院行剖宫产术的≥34周的纵隔子宫孕妇80例作为研究组,选取同期≥34周行剖宫产的正常子宫孕妇80例作为对照组。比较2组孕妇的一般情况、胎盘和胎儿情况、术中出血量和新生儿情况。结果:2组孕妇年龄、孕次、产前体质量、辅助生殖技术助孕、母体合并症、胎盘异常情况、胎膜早破、脐带绕颈2周及以上、术中出血量、新生儿窒息和低出生体质量儿等方面比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),纵隔子宫组孕妇既往产次、终止妊娠孕周和新生儿出生体质量低于对照组,胎儿臀位比例高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:≥34周的纵隔子宫孕妇常常合并胎方位的临床问题,适时终止妊娠并适当采取剖宫产术,母儿结局与子宫正常孕妇相似。

孕早中期阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者生命质量的现状及影响因素分析

目的 探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(obstructive sleep apnea, OSA)对妊娠期女性生命质量(quality of life, QOL)的影响。方法 选取2020年9月至2022年3月首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院单胎孕早中期妊娠女性,根据睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数(apnea hypopnea index, AHI),采用SF-36简明健康调查量表(简称SF-36量表)评估QOL。比较SF-36量表总分及各维度得分与睡眠监测各参数、BMI、年龄之间的相关性。结果 共纳入单胎孕早中期妊娠女性171例,年龄25~45岁,平均(34.0±3.9)岁。SF-36总分与非快速眼动期(non rapid eye movement, NREM)呼吸暂停最大时长呈负相关,躯体疼痛与NREM期呼吸暂停平均时长呈负相关,精力与最长氧减时间呈负相关。年龄对QOL影响不明显,但BMI与生理机能维度得分呈负相关。结论 OSA对妊娠期女性QOL均存在一定影响,肥胖能显著影响妊娠期OSA患者的QOL,临床医生在关注母婴并发症和结局的同时,更应关注其身心健康,并提供相应生活方式指导和心理干预;与AHI相比,呼吸暂停低通气持续时间对妊娠期OSA女性QOL影响更大,临床上可将AHI、最低血氧饱和度程度、呼吸暂停低通气持续时间综合考虑,为OSA患者评估提供一种新思路。

心理弹性在孕中期终止妊娠产妇创伤后成长与应对方式间的中介效应研究

目的 探讨心理弹性在孕中期终止妊娠产妇创伤后成长与应对方式间的中介作用。方法 采用便利抽样法选择2020年2月至2023年7月南京医科大学第一附属医院产科接收的368例孕中期终止妊娠产妇作为研究对象。评估产妇创伤后成长、心理弹性及应对方式,分析三者间关系,并进行中介效应检验。结果 孕中期终止妊娠产妇创伤后成长评定量表评分与成人心理弹性量表评分、简易应对方式量表积极维度评分呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05),与简易应对方式量表消极维度评分呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05);成人心理弹性量表评分与简易应对方式量表积极维度评分呈正相关(r>0,P<0.05),与简易应对方式量表消极维度评分呈负相关(r<0,P<0.05)。心理弹性在创伤后成长与积极应对方式及消极应对方式间均起到部分中介作用,中介效应量分别为53.26%和81.03%。结论 孕中期终止妊娠产妇创伤后成长与心理弹性、应对方式关联紧密,临床应对心理弹性予以重视,通过改善产妇心理弹性,提高创伤后成长水平。

多孔腹腔镜手术与开腹手术治疗妊娠早中期卵巢良性肿瘤蒂扭转的效果及对妊娠结局的影响

目的探讨多孔腹腔镜手术(MILS)与开腹手术在治疗妊娠早中期卵巢良性肿瘤蒂扭转(BOTT)的效果及对妊娠结局的影响。方法将2013年2月至2023年1月首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院及清华大学第一附属医院收治的92例妊娠早中期BOTT孕妇纳入本次回顾性研究,根据手术方式的不同分为开腹组(n=40)和MILS组(n=52)。比较2组患者围术期指标[包括肿瘤直径、扭转角度、缺血等级、手术时间、术中出血量、术后通气时间和住院时间]、术后病理结果、并发症发生情况和妊娠结局。结果2组的肿瘤直径、缺血等级比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);MILS组的扭转角度、手术时间、术中出血量、排气时间和住院时间分别为(436.0±189.0)°、(50.73±20.19)min、(18.84±5.42)mL、(16.48±7.08)h和(5.23±1.32)d,均显著低于开腹组[(590.0±202.0)°、(69.41±25.63)min、(46.61±18.30)mL、(26.05±12.57)h和(7.78±1.20)d],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。妊娠早中期BOTT患者病理检查结果可知:占比最高的是黄体囊肿,其次是成熟畸胎瘤和单纯性囊肿,2组的术后病理检查结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组术后并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组的早产、流产、引产、分娩方式、分娩孕周和新生儿出生体重比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论MILS治疗妊娠早中期BOTT的术后并发症发生情况和妊娠结局与开腹手术治疗相当,但MILS手术效果优于开腹组。

孕中期超声宫颈管长度联合血清白蛋白检测对双胎妊娠早产的预测价值

目的 探讨孕中期超声宫颈管长度(CL)联合血清白蛋白(ALB)检测对双胎妊娠早产的预测价值。方法 回顾性分析2019年3月—2022年6月在安徽医科大学附属宿州医院定期产检的113例双胎妊娠孕妇的临床资料,依据是否发生早产分为早产组和非早产组,分别有31和82例。对比两组孕妇的临床资料、超声CL、血清ALB水平。多因素逐步Logistic回归模型分析双胎妊娠早产的相关因素。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,评价超声CL、血清ALB及两者联合预测双胎妊娠早产的价值。结果 两组孕妇年龄、孕前BMI、检查孕周、孕产史、受孕方式、合并妊娠期糖尿病、合并妊娠期高血压、Hb、WBC、PLT、TC、TG、Scr及BUN比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。早产组胎膜厚度大于非早产组(P <0.05),单绒毛膜双羊膜囊占比高于非早产组(P <0.05)。早产组超声CL短于非早产组(P <0.05),血清ALB水平低于非早产组(P <0.05)。多因素逐步Logistic回归分析,结果显示:胎膜厚度厚[O^R=2.901(95%CI:1.047,8.039)]、超声CL短[O^R=0.299(95%CI:0.108,0.828)]、血清ALB水平低[O^R=0.309(95%CI:0.112,0.857)]是影响双胎妊娠孕妇早产发生的危险因素(P <0.05)。ROC曲线分析结果显示,超声CL、血清ALB及两者联合对双胎妊娠早产预测的敏感性分别为83.87%(95%CI:0.655,0.939)、87.10%(95%CI:0.692,0.958)、80.65%(95%CI:0.619,0.919),特异性分别为87.80%(95%CI:0.783,0.937)、71.95%(95%CI:0.608,0.810)、98.78%(95%CI:0.925,0.999),曲线下面积分别为0.896(95%CI:0.825,0.946)、0.811(95%CI:0.726,0.878)、0.910(95%CI:0.841,0.955)。结论 孕中期超声CL、血清ALB联合检测对双胎妊娠早产的预测效能较高。

孕妇孕期膳食与其初乳营养成分的关联性

目的探讨孕妇孕中期及孕晚期膳食与其初乳营养成分的关联性。方法采用连续抽样法纳入2022年6月至2023年4月于复旦大学附属妇产科医院建卡的符合纳排标准的378例孕妇为研究对象,收集孕妇一般资料、孕中期膳食、孕晚期膳食及其分娩后48~72 h的初乳数据,分析孕妇孕中期及孕晚期膳食每日营养元素摄入量与其初乳质量的关联性。结果最终378例孕妇进入乳汁采集阶段,分析发现孕中期膳食脂肪摄入与初乳质量呈正相关(OR=2.408,95%CI:1.086~5.338),能量与初乳质量呈负相关(OR=0.319,95%CI:0.157~0.651),孕晚期膳食蛋白质摄入与初乳质量呈正相关(OR=5.905,95%CI:1.757~19.842)。结论孕期膳食与初乳营养成分存在一定的关联性,建议孕期合理安排膳食以促进初乳质量。

基于多模态超声对中孕期胎盘功能不全预测模型的建立

目的使用常规超声、三维能量多普勒及剪切波弹性成像建立中孕期对胎盘功能不全的预测模型。资料与方法前瞻性分析2021年4月—2022年4月在三峡大学附属仁和医院行超声检查的前壁胎盘孕妇209例,依据临床诊断分为正常组118例和胎盘功能不全组91例,从血流动力学(脐动脉、子宫动脉的血流参数和脑胎盘率)、血流灌注(血管指数、血流指数和血管-血流指数)、机械组织特性(弹性模量平均值)等方面评估胎盘功能。对组间差异有统计学意义的指标进行Logistic回归分析,构建预测模型并评估其效能。结果两组子宫动脉的血流参数、脑胎盘率、血管指数、血管-血流指数和弹性模量平均值等差异均有统计学意义(t=-12.74、-10.28、-11.01、7.02、7.00、-11.97,P均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析发现,子宫动脉阻力指数(≥0.65)、脑胎盘率(≤1.53)及弹性模量平均值(≥4.14 KPa)为独立危险因素,其中弹性模量平均值的诊断效能最大,曲线下面积为0.904。联合3项参数建立预测模型的曲线下面积为0.945,敏感度为87.91%,特异度为94.92%,诊断效能较单一参数明显提高。结论基于多模态超声建立的预测模型对胎盘功能不全有一定的预测价值和高度特异性,可指导临床尽早干预以改善围生期结局。

妊娠中期单孔腹腔镜剔除多发子宫肌瘤术后足月妊娠一例

子宫肌瘤在妊娠期间出现蒂扭转或红色变性可引起腹痛并诱发流产,药物保守治疗被认为是金标准,若腹痛不能缓解,必要时于妊娠期行手术治疗。手术可根据子宫肌瘤类型、大小、位置、孕周及医生经验选择开腹或腹腔镜剔除肌瘤,但是单孔腹腔镜剔除妊娠中期子宫肌瘤少有报道。报道1例妊娠中期多发子宫肌瘤变性导致先兆流产的病例,患者经磁共振成像评估为Ⅵ型子宫肌瘤,保守治疗失败后行单孔腹腔镜子宫肌瘤剔除术。术后继续妊娠,并成功足月分娩。报道此案例,为单孔腹腔镜在妊娠期子宫肌瘤剔除中的应用提供一定参考。

瘢痕子宫妊娠中期引产方法的研究

目的 观察应用宫颈扩张球囊联合乳酸依沙吖啶注射液对瘢痕子宫妊娠患者中期引产的效果及对患者产后心理的影响。方法 选取2022年1月至2023年12月在我院就诊的瘢痕子宫妊娠中期引产患者128例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组64例。对照组患者采用传统的米非司酮150 mg口服+乳酸依沙吖啶注射液100 mg羊膜腔内注射引产;观察组患者采用COOK宫颈扩张球囊促宫颈成熟+米非司酮150 mg口服+乳酸依沙吖啶注射液50 mg羊膜腔内注射引产。对比2组患者的引产总时间、产程总时间、产后出血量、引产总有效率、软产道裂伤发生率、先兆子宫破裂发生率及产后心理状况。结果 观察组患者的总有效率高于对照组,引产总时间及产程总时间短于对照组,产后出血量少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(EPDS)阳性患者比例明显高于观察组(t=10.818,P<0.05),2组患者在EPDS中的10个情绪方面比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 对于瘢痕子宫妊娠中期患者,使用COOK宫颈扩张球囊促宫颈成熟+米非司酮150 mg口服+50 mg乳酸依沙吖啶注射液羊膜腔内注射引产的效果良好,有利于产妇产后心理健康。