Data processing and initial results from the CE-3 Extreme Ultraviolet Camera

The Extreme Ultraviolet Camera （EUVC） onboard the Chang＇e-3 （CE-3） lander is used to observe the structure and dynamics of Earth＇s plasmasphere from the Moon. By detecting the resonance line emission of helium ions （He＋） at 30.4 nm, the EUVC images the entire plasmasphere with a time resolution of 10 min and a spatial resolution of about 0.1 Earth radius （RE） in a single frame. We first present details about the data processing from EUVC and the data acquisition in the commissioning phase, and then report some initial results, which reflect the basic features of the plas- masphere well. The photon count and emission intensity of EUVC are consistent with previous observations and models, which indicate that the EUVC works normally and can provide high quality data for future studies.

Determination of Thioglucoside in Cabbage by Using the Ultraviolet-visible Light Spectrophotometer

The ultraviolet-visible light spectrophotometer method was adopted to determine thioglucoside in cabbage with the seeds.Individual plant of cabbage was used as test materials,palladium chloride as complexing agent and sodium cellulose glycolate as dispersing agent.The results showed that palladiumd thioglucoside method could be taken as a quick,easy and precise quantitative analysis method to determine thioglucoside in cabbage.

Effects of Different Preservation Methods on Vitamin C and Nitrate Content in Vegetables

This paper studied and compared the effects of three preservation methods( normal temperature 20℃,fresh-keeping box cold storage 4℃,and fresh-keeping box + fresh-keeping film cold storage 4℃) on six kinds of vegetables. The results showed that the content of vitamin C in the six vegetables was higher in cold storage than in normal temperature storage; the nitrate content was lower in cold storage than in normal temperature storage. In both the normal temperature storage and cold storage,the vitamin C in vegetables declined with the increase of the storage time,while the nitrate content increased with the increase of the storage time. Thus,cold storage has better fresh-keeping effect for vegetables. In cold storage conditions,the vitamin C content was higher in vegetables packaged by fresh-keeping box,and the nitrate content was lower,followed by the fresh-keeping film + fresh-keeping box cold storage. In conclusion,the best preservation method for vegetable is fresh-keeping box cold storage.

Spectroscopic and photometric observations of unidentified ultraviolet variable objects in the GUVV-2 Catalog

An NUV-optical diagram composed from sources from the second Galaxy Evolution Explorer（GALEX） Ultraviolet Variability（GUVV-2） Catalog provides us with a method to tentatively classify the unknown GUVV-2 sources by their NUV-optical magnitudes.For the purpose of testing the correctness and generality of the method,we carry out a program on the spectroscopic observations of the unidentified GUVV-2 sources.The spectroscopic identification of these 37 sources are 19 type-A to-F stars,10 type-G to-K stars and 7 M dwarf stars together with an AGN.We also present the light curves in the R-band for two RR Lyrae star candidates selected from the NUV-optical diagram,both of which undergo cyclic variations.Combining their light curves and colors,we classify them as RR Lyrae stars.To confirm the re-sults,we show a color-color diagram for the 37 newly identified spectroscopic objects compared with previously identified ones,which are consistent with our previous re-sults,indicating that the ultraviolet variable sources can initially be classified by their NUV/optical color-color diagram.

响应面法优化提取瓜蒌皮中总三萜的研究

目的 探讨用醇提法提取瓜蒌皮中总三萜化合物。方法 以瓜蒌皮为研究对象,以乙醇为溶剂,采用紫外分光光度法对瓜蒌皮中总三萜化合物的含量进行测定。通过单因素实验研究液固比、提取温度、提取时间、乙醇浓度对总三萜提取率的影响,在单因素实验的基础上,采用Box-Behnken Design响应面分析法研究乙醇提取的最佳工艺条件。结果 冷凝回流提取的最佳条件为液固比51 mL/g,乙醇浓度83%、提取时间70 min、提取温度90℃;在此工艺条件下,总三萜的最佳提取率为2.324%。结论 研究结果与预测值基本一致,因此该模型可靠。

Variation Characteristics of Ultraviolet Radiation over the North China Plain

In situ measured data of broadband solar radiation （Rs） and ultraviolet （Uv） radiation were used to investigate the spa- tiotemporal variation properties of Uv radiation and the ratio of Uv radiation to Rs over the North China Plain （NCP）. Based on the analysis, an empirical model for estimating Uv radiation under all weather conditions in this region was developed. The results showed that the annual Uv radiation over the NCP ranges from 0.38-0.52 MJ m^-2 d^-1. The highest value during the study period was recorded at the Changwu site, which is located near the margin of the Loess Plateau, while the lowest value appeared at the station in Beijing. The seasonal variation pattern of the ratio of Uv radiation to Rs is similar to that of Uv radiation; namely, the highest value appears in August and then decreases gradually until the lowest value appears in November. A small increasing trend in the Uv radiation levels and the ratio of Uv radiation to Rs was observed over the NCP. The evaluation results showed that the empirical estimation model can be widely used to estimate Uv radiation under all atmospheric conditions. The relative error between the modeled and measured daily values were within ± 15%.

PHOTODEGRADATION OF p-NITROCHLORBENZENE(p-NCB)USING NANOMETER-SIZED ZnO PARTICLES PREPARED BY REACTIVE EVAPORATION METHOD

Photocatalytic degradations of p-nitrochlorbenzene (p-NCB) with distilled water wereinvestigated with ZnO crystals (catalyst) of 70nm in diameter under UV irradiation.The suitable experimental conditions are determined as: ZnO 0.25g, pH 7, p-NCBconcentration 30mg/L. These variables in terms of the degradation rate have beendiscussed, which was defined as the rate of the initial degradation to the final degrada-tion of p-NCB. When all of the experimental degradation rate values are plotted as afunction of irradiation time, all of the points appeared on a single line for wide range ofp-NCB degradations. On the basis of these results, it has been concluded that at lowerZnO catalyst amount, much of the light is transmitted through the slurry in the con-tainer beaker, while at higher catalyst amount, all the incident photons are observedby the slurry. Degradation rates of p-NCB were found to decrease with increasingsolution pH. It has been concluded that the maximum degradation rate values of p-NCB under principally the same experimental conditions mentioned above are 97.4%,98.8% and 95.5% at 100min respectively. The results suggest that the photocatalyticdegradation is initiated by an oxidation of the p-NCB through ZnO surface-adsorbedhydroxyl radicals. Absorption spectra are recorded using spectrophotometer before andafter UV-irradiation in the wavelength range 200-400nm at room temperature. Itis found that the variation of irradiation time over the range 20-100min resulted inchange in the form of the spectrum linear absorption and a higher maximum valuewill be obtained at longer irradiation time.

STUDY ON THE ASSAY QUALITY OF FOOD GRADE GPR BY UV—VIS METHOD

In this paper, the kind of remanent small molecules in unsaturated polyester res(?) (UP resin) , the best extractant and the best suitalbe extractive time for measuring the content of these small molecules were studied using ultraviolet- visible spectrophotometry ( UV-VIS method). According to the principle of additivity lightness absorption for mixid solution, the contents of samll molecules in several kinds of cured UP resin were measured. It is pointed out that the UV-VIS method in the assay quality of food grade GRP products is more suitable to China.

改性方法对玉米秸秆纤维素-腐植酸基吸水树脂性能的影响

分别采用等离子体和紫外固化法对玉米秸秆纤维素-腐植酸基吸水树脂(CS-HA-PAA)进行改性,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪和扫描电子显微镜对改性吸水树脂的结构和形貌进行表征,考察了改性吸水树脂的耐盐性、耐酸碱性、保水性、反复吸液性等性能。结果表明:改性后CS-HA-PAA亲水基团增多,表面粗糙且产生孔洞结构,有利于提高吸水性能;采用最佳工艺条件制备的等离子体改性CS-HA-PAA和紫外固化改性CS-HA-PAA的吸水率分别可达1053.2g/g、869.44g/g,NaCl质量浓度为9g/L时最高吸盐水率分别为181.03g/g、151.49g/g,等离子体改性CS-HA-PAA的吸水、耐盐性能优于紫外固化法改性CS-HA-PAA。

基于脉冲电流和紫外脉冲的多源局部放电诊断方法

本研究提出了一种基于脉冲电流法和紫外脉冲法联合检测的多源局部放电诊断方法,针对4种基本缺陷模型,搭建了开关柜多源局部放电实验平台。对联合检测得到的局部放电信息特征进行提取并构建数据库,使用k近邻(KNN)算法和有向无环图支持向量机(DAG-SVMs)算法对局部放电类型进行识别。结果表明:脉冲电流法测得的放电图谱中放电次数和放电量的变化与模型中缺陷种类有关,气隙、沿面缺陷的引入使放电量增大和图谱对称性提高,电晕缺陷的引入使放电次数增多;紫外脉冲法测得的放电脉冲数与多源放电模型中缺陷个数和缺陷的紫外/可见光比值有关,缺陷个数和紫外/可见光比值越高,放电脉冲数越大;KNN算法识别准确率最高可达到99.67%。

UVC技术灭活常见病原微生物研究现状及临床应用

作为一种新型非抗生素治疗方法,波长范围为100~400 nm的紫外线已被证明具有一定的抗菌特性。不同波长紫外线的灭活效果存在差异,生物安全性也不尽相同。近年在这个领域涌现一批研究报道,尤其是波长范围为200~280 nm的C波段紫外线(Ultraviolet C,UVC)成为研究热点。本文对这一波长范围的研究新发现进行了综述,包括UVC灭活不同病原微生物的作用机制、影响因素及灭活效果,分析UVC技术的生物安全性,并简要归纳UVC技术设备在临床应用的研究进展,以期为相关研究提供参考。

粒径对土壤石油烃荧光特性影响及校正方法研究

采用紫外诱导荧光技术对土壤中石油烃污染物进行检测时,不同粒径土壤会对测量带来较大误差,为了消除土壤粒径(soil particle size,PS)对测量带来的影响,配制3种不同粒径的常见的土壤石油烃污染物(土壤原油、土壤柴油、土壤汽油)样本,搭建紫外诱导荧光检测系统,研究了不同粒径下各类土壤石油烃污染物的荧光特性,构建了土壤石油烃粒径校正方法。结果表明,对于土壤原油、土壤柴油和土壤汽油样本,当样本浓度为4、4和10 g·kg^(-1)时,各类型土壤油类样本的荧光信号与粒径具有良好的线性相关性,相关系数R^(2)分别达到了0.9989、0.9686和0.9045。通过土壤颗粒物吸附模型,对实验结果进行解释分析,建立土壤粒径校正方法,对各类型土壤石油烃样本在不同粒径下的荧光信号进行校正;粒径校正前后3种类型的土壤石油烃荧光强度与浓度的相关系数R^(2)分别由校正前的0.3265、0.0047、0.3298上升到校正后的0.9838、0.9832、0.9533,浓度反演的相对误差(RE)分别为11.02%、5.71%、10.19%。建立的土壤粒径校正方法可以有效地降低土壤粒径对土壤石油烃类污染物荧光强度的影响,为采用紫外诱导荧光技术快速、原位、准确的检测土壤石油烃类污染物提供了理论依据和技术支持。

Fe(Ⅲ)配合物法快速测定表面处理槽液中的苹果酸含量

建立了一种表面处理槽液中苹果酸的快速测定方法,以甲酸作为辅助配体,并控制溶液pH 2.5~2.7,使苹果酸与Fe(Ⅲ)形成稳定的配合物,在波长372 nm处具有特征的紫外吸收峰。配合物的吸光度与苹果酸的浓度呈良好的线性关系,方法的线性范围为0.05~0.30 g/L,最低检测限为0.01 g/L。与现有技术相比,该方法操作简便、反应时间短、即混即测、易于自动化、抗干扰能力较强、不受表面处理槽液中常见金属离子和阴离子的影响、定量结果准确可靠,可为确保工业生产线的质量控制提供高效的技术支撑。

Ga掺杂ZnO微米棒紫外光探测器的制备与特性

为了获得高性能和低成本的氧化锌(ZnO)基紫外光探测器,使用Ga掺杂ZnO(ZnO∶Ga)作为光敏层,采用水热法合成了不同Ga掺杂浓度ZnO∶Ga微米棒,Ga与Zn的原子比分别为0%(未掺杂),0.5%,1%,2%和4%。使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)测试所有样品的晶体结构,发现它们都为六方纤锌矿结构的ZnO。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察它们的形貌,都呈现棒状结构。进一步,制备叉指图案氟掺杂的氧化锡(FTO)导电玻璃基底,将不同Ga掺杂浓度ZnO∶Ga微米棒分别涂覆在FTO上,得到5种简单结构的紫外光探测器,系统研究了它们的性能。结果表明:所有ZnO∶Ga微米棒紫外光探测器对365 nm紫外光表现出良好的响应。其中,1%Ga掺杂ZnO∶Ga微米棒紫外光探测器性能最佳,经计算,在365 nm波长处,它的响应度、增益和比探测率分别为13.13 A/W(5 V),44.63(5 V),3.31×1012Jones,响应时间和衰减时间分别为12.3 s和36.4 s。说明在ZnO微米棒中进行合适Ga掺杂能有效提高紫外光探测器的性能。该研究有助于基于ZnO∶Ga材料的紫外光探测器及相关器件发展。

低浓度聚丙烯酰胺含量的检测及溶液离子的影响

处理后选矿废水中残余的聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)影响回水水质及其回用,本文为建立一种低检出限的低浓度PAM快速检测方法,在190~300 nm波长范围内建立了4种类型及分子量不同PAM的紫外吸收光谱,研究了不同浓度K^(+)和Ca^(2+)对PAM浓度检测的影响,并通过原子力显微镜(AFM)分析了PAM分子构象的变化.结果表明,4种类型的PAM峰值吸光度均在波长194 nm处测得,PAM浓度与吸光度之间具有强线性关系(R^(2)>0.98),检出限均低于0.1 mg·L^(-1),但PAM类型影响其浓度与吸光度的线性关系.随着K^(+)和Ca^(2+)浓度的增加,PAM溶液吸光度特征峰的强度逐渐降低并降速减缓,最大吸收波长不断红移,分别沉积在二氧化硅和金基底的APAM-3与CPAM-12的表面形貌粗糙度分别随K^(+)和Ca^(2+)浓度的增加而增大,说明PAM分子链在溶液中的构象逐渐变卷曲,使紫外光谱特征吸收峰的峰值降低,10、100 mmol·L^(-1) K^(+)与1、10 mmol·L^(-1) Ca^(2+)对PAM构象变化的影响程度基本相同.本研究实现聚丙烯酰胺的快速定量检测,对开展选矿水处理中聚丙烯酰胺的迁移规律研究具有重要意义.

Al掺杂ZnO纳米线阵列紫外光探测器特性

采用简便水热法,在具有叉指图案的氟掺杂氧化锡导电玻璃基底上,生长出几种Al掺杂浓度ZnO纳米线阵列,Al/Zn原子比分别为0%(未掺杂)、0.5%、1%、2%和4%。实验结果显示:所有样品均为六方纤锌矿结构,Al掺杂ZnO纳米线沿近似垂直基底表面方向生长,形成良好取向阵列。并且用这些Al掺杂ZnO纳米线阵列作为光敏层,制备了五种紫外光探测器,系统研究了器件性能。经分析,所有器件对365 nm紫外光表现出良好响应。1%Al掺杂ZnO纳米线阵列紫外光探测器具有最佳性能,在365 nm波长处,该探测器响应度、比探测率、灵敏度、外量子效率、响应时间和衰减时间分别为6180 mA/W、1.51×10^(12)Jones、83.2、6090%、4.12 s和14.45 s。该研究证实在ZnO纳米线阵列中进行适量Al掺杂,可有效提高其紫外光探测器性能。

碱性过硫酸钾-紫外分光光度法测定水质总氮方法的改进

水质总氮是指示水体富营养化的重要标志物,因此,开发测定水体中总氮的准确方法,对研究水体中的污染物来源、污染程度及总氮的地球化学循环过程具有重要意义。测定水质样品中的总氮,通常采用碱性过硫酸钾-紫外分光光度法,但该法对空白吸光度有严苛的要求,空白吸光度一旦超过0.030,就有可能导致测定结果严重偏低,其中,过硫酸钾的纯度和存放时间可能对测定结果影响最大;同时,采用比色管捆绑方式高温高压消解水质样品,导热较慢,消解时间偏长,捆绑时一旦比色管上的标签或记号脱落,容易导致样品混乱;样品保存条件不当也很容易造成测定结果偏低。为提高水质样品中总氮测定结果的准确性和效率,本文通过对国内外不同厂家生产的过硫酸钾进行总氮空白吸光度和存放时间对比实验,然后对两种消解方法进行消解时间对比实验,最后,对比了两种不同水质样品保存方法对测定结果的影响。对比实验结果表明:国产优级纯碱性过硫酸钾存放时间在30天内,其水质总氮空白吸光度均小于0.030;在124℃条件下,使用插置法消解样品,只用20min就能使样品消解完全;对酸化后的水质样品,其保质期从1天延长至7天。研究认为,选用国产优级纯过硫酸钾和改良过的插置法消解水质样品,与捆绑法相比,其水质总氮检出限更低,消解效率更高,且不容易出现互相污染和样品错位等情况,提高了水质总氮测定的准确度。

荧光法和紫外法测定海水中石油类的对比研究

本文采用标准GB 17378.4-2007中荧光分光光度法和紫外分光光度法测定海水中石油类,分别对两种方法的标准曲线绘制、方法检出限、精密度及准确度等关键指标进行对比研究。结果显示:荧光法的标准曲线相关系数r为0.9996、0.9998、0.9999,紫外法的标准曲线相关系数r为0.9996、0.9999、0.9997,均大于0.999;荧光法的方法检出限为0.0004 mg/L,明显低于紫外法的检出限0.0030 mg/L;荧光法的空白水样加标、海水及其海水加标的精密度为0.20%~2.74%,优于紫外法的精密度0.13%~4.09%;荧光法的样品加标回收率为95.1%~102.1%,优于紫外法(87.0%~96.1%)。综上所述:两种方法的标准曲线、方法检出限、精密度和准确度均满足标准检验要求,可用于测定海水中石油类,但荧光法的灵敏度更高,实验数据更稳定,更适合测定石油类浓度较低的海水样品。

以蔗渣为燃料的锅炉烟气SO_(2)监测问题及对策探讨

分析了定电位电解法监测糖厂锅炉烟气中SO_(2)遇到的问题和非分散红外吸收法和紫外差分吸收法的特点,提出对策着力解决监测问题,提高SO_(2)监测数据可靠性。

氟气混合气中氟气含量分析

采用紫外吸收法及气相色谱仪的分析方法,完成了对氟气混合气中氟气含量的测定,采取取样系统,阐述其分析过程,并对比使用2种分析方法分析氟气含量的优缺点,结果表明紫外吸收法具有重复性好、线性范围宽、分析时间短、操作方便等特点。