This study discusses the European Union’s proposal for a Regulation on Markets in Crypto-Assets,now subject to formal approval by the European Parliament.The objective is to explore whether it will positively impact ...This study discusses the European Union’s proposal for a Regulation on Markets in Crypto-Assets,now subject to formal approval by the European Parliament.The objective is to explore whether it will positively impact the adoption of crypto-assets in the financial sector.The use of crypto-assets is growing.However,some stakeholders in the financial service sector remain skeptical and hesitant to adopt assets that are yet to be defined and have an unclear legal status.This regulatory uncertainty has been identified as the primary reason for the reluctant adoption.The proposed regulation(part of the EU’s Digital Finance Strategy)aims to provide this legal certainty for currently unregulated crypto-assets.This study investigates whether or not the proposed regulation can be expected to have the intended effect by reviewing the proposed regulation itself,the opinions and reactions of the various stakeholders,and secondary literature.Findings reveal that such regulation will most likely not accelerate the adoption of crypto-assets in the EU financial services sector,at least not sufficiently or as intended.Some suggestions are made to improve the proposal.展开更多
[目的]以山西省吕梁市吕梁山区的离石、石楼、柳林三区(县)为例研究高精度地质灾害易发性评价模型,为该地区区域规划提供辅助决策支持。[方法]基于地理信息系统,以区域内525个历史灾害点及500个非灾害点为样本,选取19个地灾影响因素,应...[目的]以山西省吕梁市吕梁山区的离石、石楼、柳林三区(县)为例研究高精度地质灾害易发性评价模型,为该地区区域规划提供辅助决策支持。[方法]基于地理信息系统,以区域内525个历史灾害点及500个非灾害点为样本,选取19个地灾影响因素,应用地理探测器(geographic detectors,GD)判断各因素的相对重要性,在JupyterNotebook平台展开相关性检验并筛选指标因子,以信息量模型(information method,IM)为基础,利用灾害点计算其所提供的信息量的同时结合非灾害点提供信息量得到指标因子改进信息量模型(improved information method,IIM),并借助地理探测器空间分异性q值计算权重。利用综合确定性系数法(certainty factor,CF)分别建立GD-IIM,GD-IM,GD-CF,IM,CF,IIM共6大评价体系,采用自然断点分类法将研究区易发性依次划分为5,4,3个等级,以种子细胞面积指数(seed cell area index,SCAI)验证其分区结果准确性,采用ROC曲线对比模型结果精确度。[结果]经SCAI检验将各模型分为极低、低、高、极高4个等级,满足合理性要求,GD-IIM模型的灾易发性评价成功率、预测率分别为90.5%,85.5%,精度较高。[结论]双变量统计方法耦合地理探测器在构建研究区的易发性评价预测模型中表现出较为准确的结果。考虑非灾害点信息量进行模型构建比IM单一考虑灾害点信息量模型精度有所提升,适宜研究区的模型构建。展开更多
文摘This study discusses the European Union’s proposal for a Regulation on Markets in Crypto-Assets,now subject to formal approval by the European Parliament.The objective is to explore whether it will positively impact the adoption of crypto-assets in the financial sector.The use of crypto-assets is growing.However,some stakeholders in the financial service sector remain skeptical and hesitant to adopt assets that are yet to be defined and have an unclear legal status.This regulatory uncertainty has been identified as the primary reason for the reluctant adoption.The proposed regulation(part of the EU’s Digital Finance Strategy)aims to provide this legal certainty for currently unregulated crypto-assets.This study investigates whether or not the proposed regulation can be expected to have the intended effect by reviewing the proposed regulation itself,the opinions and reactions of the various stakeholders,and secondary literature.Findings reveal that such regulation will most likely not accelerate the adoption of crypto-assets in the EU financial services sector,at least not sufficiently or as intended.Some suggestions are made to improve the proposal.
文摘[目的]以山西省吕梁市吕梁山区的离石、石楼、柳林三区(县)为例研究高精度地质灾害易发性评价模型,为该地区区域规划提供辅助决策支持。[方法]基于地理信息系统,以区域内525个历史灾害点及500个非灾害点为样本,选取19个地灾影响因素,应用地理探测器(geographic detectors,GD)判断各因素的相对重要性,在JupyterNotebook平台展开相关性检验并筛选指标因子,以信息量模型(information method,IM)为基础,利用灾害点计算其所提供的信息量的同时结合非灾害点提供信息量得到指标因子改进信息量模型(improved information method,IIM),并借助地理探测器空间分异性q值计算权重。利用综合确定性系数法(certainty factor,CF)分别建立GD-IIM,GD-IM,GD-CF,IM,CF,IIM共6大评价体系,采用自然断点分类法将研究区易发性依次划分为5,4,3个等级,以种子细胞面积指数(seed cell area index,SCAI)验证其分区结果准确性,采用ROC曲线对比模型结果精确度。[结果]经SCAI检验将各模型分为极低、低、高、极高4个等级,满足合理性要求,GD-IIM模型的灾易发性评价成功率、预测率分别为90.5%,85.5%,精度较高。[结论]双变量统计方法耦合地理探测器在构建研究区的易发性评价预测模型中表现出较为准确的结果。考虑非灾害点信息量进行模型构建比IM单一考虑灾害点信息量模型精度有所提升,适宜研究区的模型构建。