A study was carried out on the type of fuels being used by households in Ibadan, a highly populated city in south-west Nigeria. Ekotedo, Agbeni, Bodija and Agbowo communities were selected through stratified random sa...A study was carried out on the type of fuels being used by households in Ibadan, a highly populated city in south-west Nigeria. Ekotedo, Agbeni, Bodija and Agbowo communities were selected through stratified random sampling, keeping in view of their socioeconomic background and population density. The study monitored 186 households for the type of fuel used for cooking and measured PM10 and the lung function of the respondents. The study population involved 130 women and 130 children. In addition, a community nurse carried out a physical and clinical examination of both the mothers and the children for respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms. The results showed that 37.7% used firewood, 33.1% used kerosene, 17.7% used charcoal and 11.5% used liquefied natural gas. Firewood use followed by charcoal emitted high PM10 at a level of 1640 μg/m3 and 1159 μg/m3, respectively. Charcoal users showed the lowest lung function values and gas users the highest value. A majority (78.5%) of the respondents complained of having cough during and after cooking. Some of them reported breathing problems, eyes and skin irritations. It is recommended that the communities be advised to switch over from the use of biomass fuels to natural gas so as to sustained the natural resources and again, reduced the health impacts of these cooking fuels on the population.展开更多
Objectives:We aim to describe the efficacy,safety,and characteristics of the Amplatzer Vascular Plug(AVP)II and IV“off-label”use for multiple cardiovascular occlusions in children under 10 years.Methods:Observationa...Objectives:We aim to describe the efficacy,safety,and characteristics of the Amplatzer Vascular Plug(AVP)II and IV“off-label”use for multiple cardiovascular occlusions in children under 10 years.Methods:Observational retrospective multicenter(2007–2020,6 centers)review of paediatric procedures using AVP II or IV.Results:A total of 125 children(49.6%aged≤1 year,147 lesions)underwent 136 successive procedures(success rate:98.5%)using 169 devices(109 AVP IV,60 AVP II).The mean device diameter was 7.7±3.2 mm(4–20 mm).The median AVP size to vessel diameter ratio was 1.3(0–2).The median age and weight at implantation were 1.0 year(0.01–9.98)and 8.4 kg(1–69).Procedures were heterogeneous(55 patent ductus arteriosus(PDA),28 collaterals,18 sequestrations,22 arteriovenous/veinovenous/coronary fistulas,6 vertical veins,6 conduits,5 ventricular septal defects,7 miscellaneous).Day 1 and 6-month occlusion rates were respectively 94.8%and 98.5%.Major adverse events(MAE)occurred in 5.2%of cases(no procedure-related deaths),and more frequently in weight≤5 kg(p=0.01),younger patients(p=0.03)during PDA closure(p=0.02)of tubular types(p=0.02)using larger devices(p=0.03)and AVP II(p=0.003).Independent predictor of MAE risk was a higher AVP diameter to patient weight ratio(Odds-ratio:2.33,95%confidence interval 1.31–4.13,p=0.004,optimal cut off:1.45).Conclusions:Both AVPs are safe and effective for percutaneous occlusions in children under 10.Such devices represent an alternative“off label”use for well selected paediatric patients.展开更多
本文运用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法,探究呼吸肌训练(Respiratory Muscle Training RMT)对6-10岁业余游泳儿童少年呼吸机能、有氧耐力及运动成绩影响研究。具体为60名实验对象,在12周的训练中,实验前后,分别测两组台阶指数、肺活...本文运用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法,探究呼吸肌训练(Respiratory Muscle Training RMT)对6-10岁业余游泳儿童少年呼吸机能、有氧耐力及运动成绩影响研究。具体为60名实验对象,在12周的训练中,实验前后,分别测两组台阶指数、肺活量、安静心率、憋气时长及专项运动成绩共5项指标。结果表明,12周的RMT,实验组儿童少年的肺活量和憋气时长与对照组比较,有着极显著提高(P<0.01);实验组各项指标与训练前相比,均有极显著提高(P<0.01)。结论:实验组和对照组呼吸机能、有氧耐力和专项运动成绩均有提高,实验组相比对照组的憋气时长和肺活量提高更为显著。提示,呼吸肌训练法与传统训练方法结合使用,能够更为显著的提高游泳训练儿童的呼吸肌机能,从而提高机体氧供能力。展开更多
文摘A study was carried out on the type of fuels being used by households in Ibadan, a highly populated city in south-west Nigeria. Ekotedo, Agbeni, Bodija and Agbowo communities were selected through stratified random sampling, keeping in view of their socioeconomic background and population density. The study monitored 186 households for the type of fuel used for cooking and measured PM10 and the lung function of the respondents. The study population involved 130 women and 130 children. In addition, a community nurse carried out a physical and clinical examination of both the mothers and the children for respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms. The results showed that 37.7% used firewood, 33.1% used kerosene, 17.7% used charcoal and 11.5% used liquefied natural gas. Firewood use followed by charcoal emitted high PM10 at a level of 1640 μg/m3 and 1159 μg/m3, respectively. Charcoal users showed the lowest lung function values and gas users the highest value. A majority (78.5%) of the respondents complained of having cough during and after cooking. Some of them reported breathing problems, eyes and skin irritations. It is recommended that the communities be advised to switch over from the use of biomass fuels to natural gas so as to sustained the natural resources and again, reduced the health impacts of these cooking fuels on the population.
文摘Objectives:We aim to describe the efficacy,safety,and characteristics of the Amplatzer Vascular Plug(AVP)II and IV“off-label”use for multiple cardiovascular occlusions in children under 10 years.Methods:Observational retrospective multicenter(2007–2020,6 centers)review of paediatric procedures using AVP II or IV.Results:A total of 125 children(49.6%aged≤1 year,147 lesions)underwent 136 successive procedures(success rate:98.5%)using 169 devices(109 AVP IV,60 AVP II).The mean device diameter was 7.7±3.2 mm(4–20 mm).The median AVP size to vessel diameter ratio was 1.3(0–2).The median age and weight at implantation were 1.0 year(0.01–9.98)and 8.4 kg(1–69).Procedures were heterogeneous(55 patent ductus arteriosus(PDA),28 collaterals,18 sequestrations,22 arteriovenous/veinovenous/coronary fistulas,6 vertical veins,6 conduits,5 ventricular septal defects,7 miscellaneous).Day 1 and 6-month occlusion rates were respectively 94.8%and 98.5%.Major adverse events(MAE)occurred in 5.2%of cases(no procedure-related deaths),and more frequently in weight≤5 kg(p=0.01),younger patients(p=0.03)during PDA closure(p=0.02)of tubular types(p=0.02)using larger devices(p=0.03)and AVP II(p=0.003).Independent predictor of MAE risk was a higher AVP diameter to patient weight ratio(Odds-ratio:2.33,95%confidence interval 1.31–4.13,p=0.004,optimal cut off:1.45).Conclusions:Both AVPs are safe and effective for percutaneous occlusions in children under 10.Such devices represent an alternative“off label”use for well selected paediatric patients.
文摘本文运用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法,探究呼吸肌训练(Respiratory Muscle Training RMT)对6-10岁业余游泳儿童少年呼吸机能、有氧耐力及运动成绩影响研究。具体为60名实验对象,在12周的训练中,实验前后,分别测两组台阶指数、肺活量、安静心率、憋气时长及专项运动成绩共5项指标。结果表明,12周的RMT,实验组儿童少年的肺活量和憋气时长与对照组比较,有着极显著提高(P<0.01);实验组各项指标与训练前相比,均有极显著提高(P<0.01)。结论:实验组和对照组呼吸机能、有氧耐力和专项运动成绩均有提高,实验组相比对照组的憋气时长和肺活量提高更为显著。提示,呼吸肌训练法与传统训练方法结合使用,能够更为显著的提高游泳训练儿童的呼吸肌机能,从而提高机体氧供能力。
