The research progress of soil loss under the dual structure of southwest karst is systematically studied. The results show that the research of the soil erosion in karst mountainous area started late, and the basic re...The research progress of soil loss under the dual structure of southwest karst is systematically studied. The results show that the research of the soil erosion in karst mountainous area started late, and the basic research is lagging. Most of the existing research results focus on the present situation, causes and control measures of surface erosion. The view of underground soil loss in the context of karst diploid structure has been recognized by most scholars. However, limited to the research methods and the lack of observational data, the way of underground soil loss, the amount of loss and its harm are still unclear. Therefore, seeking the necessary technical means to carry out the necessary field observation from the way and process of loss is the focus of the study of soil loss under karst structure in the future.展开更多
通过人工降雨探索表土剥离后喀斯特坡地侵蚀产沙特征及机制,为该地区开展地下水土流失研究及指导水土流失防治工作具有重要的理论和现实意义。试验采用钢槽装填土石模拟喀斯特地区表土剥离后坡地的"二元结构",通过人工模拟降...通过人工降雨探索表土剥离后喀斯特坡地侵蚀产沙特征及机制,为该地区开展地下水土流失研究及指导水土流失防治工作具有重要的理论和现实意义。试验采用钢槽装填土石模拟喀斯特地区表土剥离后坡地的"二元结构",通过人工模拟降雨揭示了雨强(30、50、80mm h^(-1))、坡度(10°、15°、20°、25°)和地下孔(裂)隙度(1%、2%、3%、4%、5%)对坡地土壤侵蚀的影响,并在此基础上进一步讨论了各因子对剥离表土后的坡地造成的影响。结果表明:(1)表土剥离后地下漏失的隐蔽性增强,小雨强的坡地土壤侵蚀容易被忽视,30、50 mm h^(-1)雨强条件下,仅当坡地坡度≥15°时地表出现径流,坡地侵蚀产沙以地下流失为主,地下产流量、产沙量随雨强先增大后减小。(2)喀斯特地区坡地土壤侵蚀治理不应只重视地表水土流失,更应关注垂直方向上的土壤侵蚀——地下漏失,低坡度(坡度≤15°)条件下,地表近乎无产流产沙,坡地侵蚀产沙集中在地下孔(裂)隙,而坡度为20°、25°的坡地,其地下产沙比重仍分别高达0.85~0.97、0.59~0.84。剥离表土后的坡地水土保持应从地表、地下两个方向进行,避免由地下漏失引起的岩溶塌陷。增大地下孔(裂)隙度能显著提高地下产流量和产流系数,并促进地下孔裂隙产沙量和产沙比重的增加。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth FiveYear Plan Period of China(2012BAD05B06)the Fund Program for Science and Technology of Guizhou in 2012(Qiankehe Code J LKS[2012]No.27~~
文摘The research progress of soil loss under the dual structure of southwest karst is systematically studied. The results show that the research of the soil erosion in karst mountainous area started late, and the basic research is lagging. Most of the existing research results focus on the present situation, causes and control measures of surface erosion. The view of underground soil loss in the context of karst diploid structure has been recognized by most scholars. However, limited to the research methods and the lack of observational data, the way of underground soil loss, the amount of loss and its harm are still unclear. Therefore, seeking the necessary technical means to carry out the necessary field observation from the way and process of loss is the focus of the study of soil loss under karst structure in the future.
文摘通过人工降雨探索表土剥离后喀斯特坡地侵蚀产沙特征及机制,为该地区开展地下水土流失研究及指导水土流失防治工作具有重要的理论和现实意义。试验采用钢槽装填土石模拟喀斯特地区表土剥离后坡地的"二元结构",通过人工模拟降雨揭示了雨强(30、50、80mm h^(-1))、坡度(10°、15°、20°、25°)和地下孔(裂)隙度(1%、2%、3%、4%、5%)对坡地土壤侵蚀的影响,并在此基础上进一步讨论了各因子对剥离表土后的坡地造成的影响。结果表明:(1)表土剥离后地下漏失的隐蔽性增强,小雨强的坡地土壤侵蚀容易被忽视,30、50 mm h^(-1)雨强条件下,仅当坡地坡度≥15°时地表出现径流,坡地侵蚀产沙以地下流失为主,地下产流量、产沙量随雨强先增大后减小。(2)喀斯特地区坡地土壤侵蚀治理不应只重视地表水土流失,更应关注垂直方向上的土壤侵蚀——地下漏失,低坡度(坡度≤15°)条件下,地表近乎无产流产沙,坡地侵蚀产沙集中在地下孔(裂)隙,而坡度为20°、25°的坡地,其地下产沙比重仍分别高达0.85~0.97、0.59~0.84。剥离表土后的坡地水土保持应从地表、地下两个方向进行,避免由地下漏失引起的岩溶塌陷。增大地下孔(裂)隙度能显著提高地下产流量和产流系数,并促进地下孔裂隙产沙量和产沙比重的增加。
