基于Design-Expert的电链锯锯齿结构参数优化

为提高电链锯的锯切效率,对电链锯锯齿的齿形结构参数进行研究,以单位锯切功为电链锯锯切效率的衡量指标,通过对电链锯锯切过程的仿真研究,得出不同结构锯齿的单位锯切功。以电链锯锯齿中的外形前角、侧刃楔角和顶刃楔角等结构参数作为影响因子,采用Box-Benhnken中心组合试验方法设计多因素正交试验,使用Design-expert软件进行数据分析得出最优齿形结构参数组合。研究结果表明,所选取的齿形结构参数对单位锯切功影响程度由大到小顺序依次为外形前角、侧刃楔角、顶刃楔角,并获得最优齿形结构参数组合,外形前角为10.92°、侧刃楔角为45.7°、顶刃楔角为45.41°。

SIMULATION IN THERMAL DESIGN FOR ELECTRONIC CONTROL UNIT OF ELECTRONIC UNIT PUMP

The high working junction temperature of power component is the most common reason of its failure. So the thermal design is of vital importance in electronic control unit （ECU） design. By means of circuit simulation, the thermal design of ECU for electronic unit pump （EUP） fuel system is applied. The power dissipation model of each power component in the ECU is created and simulated. According to the analyses of simulation results, the factors which affect the power dissipation of components are analyzed. Then the ways for reducing the power dissipation of power components are carried out. The power dissipation of power components at different engine state is calculated and analyzed. The maximal power dissipation of each power component in all possible engine state is also carried out based on these simulations. A cooling system is designed based on these studies. The tests show that the maximum total power dissipation of ECU drops from 43.2 W to 33.84 W after these simulations and optimizations. These applications of simulations in thermal design of ECU can greatly increase the quality of the design, save the design cost and shorten design time

Research on an Intelligent Decision Support System for a Conceptual Innovation Design of Pumping Units Based on TRIZ

Attention is concentrated on how to perform the innovative design during the process of pumping unit conceptual design, and how to enhance design efficiency and inspire creativity. Aiming at the shortages of conceptual design, introducing the theory of inventive problem solving （TRIZ） into the mechanical product design for producing innovative ideas, and using the advanced computer-aided technique, the intelligent decision support system （IDSS） based on TRIZ （TRIZ-IDSS） has been constructed. The construction method, system structure, conceptual production, decisionmaking and evaluation of the problem solving subsystem are discussed. The innovative conceptual design of pumping units indicates that the system can help the engineers open up a new space of thinking, overcome the thinking inertia, and put forward innovative design concepts. This system also can offer the scientific instructions for the innovative design of mechanical products.

Design of 8.0Mt/a Atmospheric and Vacuum Distillation Unit

The design features of 8 Mt/a atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit (Ⅲ) in Zhenhai Refiningand Chemical Company are presented and various process schemes are compared. Production practice hasproved that the main process design is advanced and reasonable and the process parameters basicallyreached design requirements.

Design of Distorted Wave Protection Armor Units

In consideration of the global optimization for engineering projects, a group of calculation formulas have been derived by means of theoretical derivation and model tests. On this basis, a design procedure for the distorted units is proposed, by means of which the distorted units of an anology shape and an identical porosity ratio with the original units can be obtained after conducting a distorted enlargement and a normal contraction. The stability waveheight and stability factor of the distorted unit can be calculated with the enlargement factor, a, of the horizontal dimension of the distorted unit, or with the contraction scale, A , of the contracted distorted unit. As a result, the stability of the armor unit can be significantly improved without increasing the quantity of concrete. For the same wave met by the original units, the thickness of placement of the contracted distorted unit can be obviously reduced, thus, a large quantity of concrete can be saved, consequently, economic benefit can be achieved.

Characteristics and experience in the electrical design of the first domestically-integrated large-scale air separation unit

The first domestically-integrated large-scale air separation unit （ASU） with a capacity of 60 000 m^3/h was successfully built and put into operation at Baosteel. Compared with the electrical design of the imported equipment of the same type,this ASU has an electrical protection interlink that is independent from the distribution control system （DCS）. With the design idea of simplicity, the ASU features a simplified configuration and an audio alarm system for electrical failures. It helps reduce the failure rate of the electrical equipment and detect failures quickly and accurately. It will effectively enhance safe and stabilized production. The ASU can not only reduce the cost of investment, but also ensure a smooth and stable running of the whole electrical equipment. This study focuses on the experience and understanding of the unit design and commissioning.

The design and practice of giant hydro turbine generating units of Three Gorges Project

The main technical problems that should be considered in the design of hydro-turbine generating units of Three Gorges Project (TGP) are analyzed;the key technical researches performed are summarized,and the parameters of hydro-turbine generating units are optimized through the study on key technical problems.The unit operation indicates that the performance of the hydro-turbine generating units is excellent,and the units can operate in a safe,stable and highly efficient mode for a long term.Therefore,it is verified effectively that the general technical design of units is scientific and rational.

The Design and Implementation of the Data Buffer Unit in an Artificial intelligence Computer ITM-1

This paper describes the function,structure and working status of the data buffer unitDBU,one of the most important functional units on ITM-1.It also discusses DBU’s supportto the multiprocessor system and Prolog language.

模块化冷弯薄壁型钢结构体系低层村镇住宅设计研究

在传统冷弯薄壁型钢结构体系的基础上,从模块化、装配化角度出发,提出了一种适用于低层村镇住宅的新型结构体系——模块化冷弯薄壁型钢结构体系。首先,简述了墙体模块单元的构成,给出了7种通用标准化墙体模块单元,并介绍了基于通用标准化模块单元的村镇模块化户型构建原则及过程;其次,详述了便于快速装配安装的标准墙体单元间模块化连接方式,对模块连接节点进行了受力分析及数值模拟,并给出了模块化冷弯薄壁型钢结构体系构建的原则;最后,重点介绍了适用于所有冷弯薄壁型钢结构体系的抗剪墙长简化设计方法以及基于模块化冷弯薄壁结构体系的抗剪墙长设计方法,并通过实际案例详述了墙长确定过程,同时对比了不同计算方法的抗剪墙长,进一步验证了所提出的抗剪墙长简化设计方法的可行性。结果表明:所提出的模块化冷弯薄壁型钢结构体系可大幅提高冷弯薄壁型钢结构低层村镇住宅的工业化和产品化水平,大幅缩减了工期;所提出的抗剪墙长简化设计方法可显著降低设计门槛,便于该类体系的推广应用。

基于问题解决的单元作业设计模型建构及其实施路径

长期以来,作业被视为巩固或补充教学的一个环节,这弱化甚至遮蔽了作业的独特育人价值。素养立意的作业是一种能动学习任务,以真实情境中复杂问题为逻辑起点,将问题解决能力作为直接目标,在综合考虑学生的生活情境、问题解决过程、所需条件和资源等核心要素的基础上,构建新的设计模式,进行单元整体设计,回归育人本质。这要求教师在设计作业时,遵循学生的学习发生规律,提高作业设计能力;关注学生的生活经验,设计适宜的作业情境和问题;明晰作业设计路径,指导学生开发作业资源;立足多元评价和反馈,反思与优化作业完成路径。

单元教学设计的程序探讨

依据当代教学设计与学习科学研究,可以将单元教学设计程序确定为6+1步骤,这就是明类型、划水平、定任务、写目标、编量规、优结构和配评估。“明类型”明确学生要学到什么,“划水平”规定学生要学到什么程度,“定任务”则指导教师如何开展教学帮助学生学到要学的东西,达到预期的掌握水平。“写目标”要求教师按照内部心理模式和外部行为表现相统一的方式来编写教学目标,“编量规”是依据教学目标来细化具体的评估要求。“优结构”是指通过教师创设学习环境、优化教学结构和运用教学方法来帮助学生达成学习目标。“配评估”则要依据类型、水平、任务、目标、量规和结构的要求,具体确定评估的方式和特征,以评促教,以评促学。单元教学设计程序有利于教学取得减负增效赋能的效果。

基于发展学生学科核心素养的高职英语课程单元教学设计及实施——以跨境电商专业为例

职场涉外沟通、多元文化交流、语言思维提升和自主学习完善是《高等职业教育专科英语课程标准(2021年版)》所设定的4项学科核心素养。文章以跨境电商专业为例,以发展学生学科核心素养为目的,在学情、教学目标、教学重难点等教学分析的基础上,举例说明了单元教学设计的总体思路,并分析了教学实施效果,指出了取得的成效及存在的不足。

中日机构养老设施介护单元典型案例调研及优化策略研究

针对目前市场上的机构养老设施普遍存在资源配置与结构错位、改造难和转型难、护理模式与空间不对位、空间设置不符合老人的使用需求等问题。本文以日本介护单元案例调研为基础,从介护单元规模、功能、布局、流线、空间设计等多个方面,对日本介护单元的相关基础研究进行梳理,选取四个中日介护单元的代表性案例从单元规模与功能配置、平面布局与流线组织、空间层级与护理模式、空间适老化设计四个方面进行详细对比。在此基础上从配置、运营、护理、空间四个方面提出优化策略,为机构养老设施空间优化与可持续运营提供支持与参考。

No Power Consumption Design of a New-style Mechanical Unit Bathroom

The paper is based on the fact of serious water shortage and the coming of a LC （ low carbon ） lifestyle. The design was guided by demand design and aided by Fluent simulation, it break the normal method of water sav- ing and works out a set of a no power consumption new system of house water saving. The paper makes a detailed presentation of the design ideas and process of a system core ; the simulation result can show the three-dimensional flow and pressure distribution of flow in a system core factuaUy. Consequently, the simulation demonstrates the feasibility and practical applicability of the design.

素养立意的化学单元作业设计:内涵探析与实践进路

单元作业设计是响应“双减”作业管理要求、培育学科核心素养、实现“教、学、评”一致性的有效途径。素养立意的化学单元作业设计即教师以结构化单元为基点,依据化学学科核心素养目标,以多种形式统筹设计学习任务的专业活动。其强调“整体—部分—整体”的建构方式,融思想性与技术性于一体,兼顾作业目标、内容、结构与评价等要素,共同构成相互促进、相互矫正的作业互动循环体系。遵循化学学习逻辑重构单元、“依标扣本”制订作业目标、搭建框架统整作业结构、依据命制技术设计作业内容、立足评价实现反思优化是其可行的实践进路。

基于二次通用旋转组合设计的冷金属过渡电弧增材制造AZ31镁合金焊道截面尺寸研究

基于冷金属过渡的电弧增材制造技术制备了AZ31镁合金单道试样,测试了单道试样的焊道宽度和焊道高度。根据二次通用旋转组合试验设计与二次多项式逐步回归分析,建立了高度显著的焊道宽度和焊道高度与摆动宽度、焊接速度、送丝速度和基板温度等工艺参数间的关系式。结果表明,工艺参数对焊道宽度的影响主次顺序依次为摆动宽度、送丝速度、基板温度、焊接速度,对焊道高度的影响主次顺序依次为焊接速度、摆动宽度、基板温度、送丝速度。随摆动宽度的增大,焊道宽度逐渐增大,焊道高度逐渐减小;随焊接速度的提高,焊道宽度和焊道高度均逐渐减小;随送丝速度的提高,焊道宽度和焊道高度也随之同步增大;随基板温度升高,焊道宽度增大,焊道高度降低。

学习中心视角下的大单元教学设计

大单元作为学习单位的本质规定,意味着大单元教学的重心不是教授内容而是组织和引导学习,也决定了其教学设计必须以学习为中心。学习中心视角下,大单元教学设计在任务设定、内容生成和时间安排方面分别遵循依学施教、因学而成和以学定时的理念。其内在逻辑表现为,以大观念为内核生成大单元,以大任务为起点驱动大单元,以大活动为过程展开大单元。大单元教学要在素养目标与现实材料的双向比对中提取大观念,在理论学习与经验学习的双层考量中构建大任务,在素养针对性与学科典型性的双重观照中设计大活动。其过程设计可按进阶式学习、平行式学习、迭代式学习等模式展开。

基于UbD理论的“烃”大单元教学设计研究

为了促进学生学习过程中深度理解,有效落实“教、学、评”一体化体系,以高中化学“烃”的内容为例,进行基于UbD理论的大单元教学设计研究,确定了教学设计的操作程序,包括确定大单元教学主题、设置大单元教学目标、确定大单元评估依据、设计大单元学习体验、展开课时教学设计五部分。此教学研究有助于改善高中有机化学的教学现状,促进学生进一步理解、迁移与运用化学知识,在教育改革中具有积极的探索意义。

二次再热燃煤-捕碳-制甲醇系统集成设计与优化

针对碳捕集电厂的高能耗及CO_(2)的后续利用问题,设计了一种二次再热燃煤-捕碳-制甲醇一体化系统。以某1000 MW超超临界二次再热机组为例,采用动态自适应粒子群优化算法对所提系统参数进行优化计算,分析了碳捕集率和光电制氢成本等因素对系统性能的影响。结果表明:当碳捕集率为90%时,一体化系统的热效率相比燃煤-捕碳机组提高了6.62%,CO_(2)排放强度降低了4.45 g/(kW·h),净收益提高了33.42亿元;当碳捕集率在40%~90%内变化时,一体化系统的热效率能够稳定保持在49%以上;随着未来光电制氢成本的下降,一体化系统的净收益将显著提升。

基于机构和机器组成原理的机构结构化正向设计方法

针对功能需求到结构方案的创新设计问题,提出了一种基于机构和机器组成原理的机构结构化正向设计方法。首先,基于状态变换空间方法,建立了基本机构单元库,设计了机构构型与尺度,求解了机构的多样化运动方案;然后,根据运动副的约束类型和性质,建立了运动副的几何约束构型,利用优化设计方法,设计了运动副结构方案;研究了复合构件的载荷、约束与结构尺度的关系模型,提出了复合构件的概念单元设计方法,设计了执行与传动机构及驱动构件;最后,遵循零件性能(强度、刚度)要求与工艺性准则,建立了机构单元结构及整机结构设计方法,并使用压力机进行了案例验证。研究结果表明:根据设计方法可得到5种一级机构、105种二级机构、735种三级机构及6种移动副方案和15种回转副方案,组合设计出的压力机方案可满足设计要求,验证了该方法的有效性,证明该机构结构化正向设计方法可为解决机构和机器创新设计问题提供新途径,缩短设计周期。