The Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot is renowned for its rich biodiversity,including that of vascular plants.However,the fern diversity and its endemism in this hotspot have not been well understood and so far,the dive...The Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot is renowned for its rich biodiversity,including that of vascular plants.However,the fern diversity and its endemism in this hotspot have not been well understood and so far,the diversity of very few groups of ferns in this region has been explored using combined molecular and morphological approaches.Here,we updated the plastid phylogeny of the Java fern genus Leptochilus with 226(115%increase of the latest sampling)samples across the distribution range,specifically those of three phylogenetically significant species,Leptochilus ovatus,L.pedunculatus,and L.pothifolius.We also reconstructed the first nuclear phylogeny of the genus based on pgiC gene data.Based on molecular and morphological evidence,we identified three new major clades and six new subclades,redefined three existing species,discovered a number of cryptic species of the genus,and elucidated the evolution of the three most variable characters.Our divergence time analyses and ancestral area reconstruction showed that Leptochilus originated in the Oligocene and diversified from early Miocene and 15 dispersal events from lower to higher latitudes are identified.The evolution of three most important morphological characters is analyzed in a context of the new phylogeny.Our analysis showed that 30(59%of total 51)species of Leptochilus occur in Indo-Burma hotspot,24(80%of the 30 species)of which are endemic to this hotspot.We argue that the Indo-Burma hotspot should be recognized as a diversity hotspot for ferns.展开更多
In this 21st century a lot of women are experiencing marital challenges due to the various and important roles they perform in the home and in the society,which may require some psychological remedies.The research was...In this 21st century a lot of women are experiencing marital challenges due to the various and important roles they perform in the home and in the society,which may require some psychological remedies.The research was on marital stress and married working women:the role of coping strategies,self-concept and educational qualification.Three hundred and seventy-seven(377)participants whose ages were between 25 to 55 years(mean 40.63 and SD 7.59)participated in the study.Three research instruments were used for data collection while three-way Analysis of Variance was used for data analysis.Result disclosed that emotion-focused strategies yielded less manifestation of marital stress(1,369)=4.44,sig.=.036;in the same manner,those with higher educational qualification presented less manifestation of marital stress(1,369)=6.33,sig.=.012.It was equally specified that coping strategies together with self-concept had a joint impact on marital stress(1,369)=5.88,sig.=.016;a joint influence was also observed between self-concept and educational qualification on marital stress(1,369)=4.18,sig.=.042.Hence,married working women should strive for higher education and also use emotion-focused coping strategies in dealing with marital stress.展开更多
Lower vertebrates, such as fish and amphibians, and higher vertebrates in embryonic development can acquire complete regeneration of complex body structures, including the spinal cord, an important part of the central...Lower vertebrates, such as fish and amphibians, and higher vertebrates in embryonic development can acquire complete regeneration of complex body structures, including the spinal cord, an important part of the central nervous system. However, with species evolution and development, this regenerative capacity gradually weakens and even disappears, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. We explored the differences in mechanisms of spinal cord regeneration capability between lower and higher vertebrates, investigated differences in their cellular and molecular mechanisms and between the spinal cord structures of lower vertebrates and mammals, such as rat and monkey, to search for theoretical evidence and therapeutic targets for nerve regeneration in human spinal cord.展开更多
In English as Second language reading research, how can the processes involved in reading make contribution to teachingof reading skills has long been discussed. In this essay, processes of reading as well as the appl...In English as Second language reading research, how can the processes involved in reading make contribution to teachingof reading skills has long been discussed. In this essay, processes of reading as well as the applications in the classroom are illus-trated. The first section of this essay will look at some basic or background information about reading process, such as basic con-cepts and importance of lower-level and higher-level processes. The second section will discuss critically lower-level processsuch as word recognition, grammatical knowledge and lexical access. Whether these components of lower-level process have an ef-fect on EFL or ESL advanced learners and how to take these factors into consideration while teaching reading. The third sectionwill talk about several components of higher-level process such as schemata and strategy展开更多
整车制造业中,物流是非增值环节,物流成本的削减可以为企业赢取更高的边际利润。为了降低厂内生产物流成本,准时化生产(JIT,Just in Time),排序拉动生产(JIS,Just in Sequence),物流服务外包等模式应运而生。文章以北京奔驰后驱车工厂为...整车制造业中,物流是非增值环节,物流成本的削减可以为企业赢取更高的边际利润。为了降低厂内生产物流成本,准时化生产(JIT,Just in Time),排序拉动生产(JIS,Just in Sequence),物流服务外包等模式应运而生。文章以北京奔驰后驱车工厂为例,对厂内的生产物流作业成本进行研究。以零件进入车间为起点,以最小化厂内物流作业成本为目标,综合考虑实际生产约束,搭建收货、入库、出库和配线四大厂内物流作业成本优化模型并成功应用,既实现了本企业生产运营成本的节约,也为其他汽车企业的厂内物流成本优化提供借鉴思路。展开更多
基金supported by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(2019QZKK0502)a grant from Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects(Grant#202201BC070001)a Yunnan Revitalization Talent Support Program“Young Talent”Project and a CAS Scholarship to Liang Zhang.
文摘The Indo-Burma Biodiversity Hotspot is renowned for its rich biodiversity,including that of vascular plants.However,the fern diversity and its endemism in this hotspot have not been well understood and so far,the diversity of very few groups of ferns in this region has been explored using combined molecular and morphological approaches.Here,we updated the plastid phylogeny of the Java fern genus Leptochilus with 226(115%increase of the latest sampling)samples across the distribution range,specifically those of three phylogenetically significant species,Leptochilus ovatus,L.pedunculatus,and L.pothifolius.We also reconstructed the first nuclear phylogeny of the genus based on pgiC gene data.Based on molecular and morphological evidence,we identified three new major clades and six new subclades,redefined three existing species,discovered a number of cryptic species of the genus,and elucidated the evolution of the three most variable characters.Our divergence time analyses and ancestral area reconstruction showed that Leptochilus originated in the Oligocene and diversified from early Miocene and 15 dispersal events from lower to higher latitudes are identified.The evolution of three most important morphological characters is analyzed in a context of the new phylogeny.Our analysis showed that 30(59%of total 51)species of Leptochilus occur in Indo-Burma hotspot,24(80%of the 30 species)of which are endemic to this hotspot.We argue that the Indo-Burma hotspot should be recognized as a diversity hotspot for ferns.
文摘In this 21st century a lot of women are experiencing marital challenges due to the various and important roles they perform in the home and in the society,which may require some psychological remedies.The research was on marital stress and married working women:the role of coping strategies,self-concept and educational qualification.Three hundred and seventy-seven(377)participants whose ages were between 25 to 55 years(mean 40.63 and SD 7.59)participated in the study.Three research instruments were used for data collection while three-way Analysis of Variance was used for data analysis.Result disclosed that emotion-focused strategies yielded less manifestation of marital stress(1,369)=4.44,sig.=.036;in the same manner,those with higher educational qualification presented less manifestation of marital stress(1,369)=6.33,sig.=.012.It was equally specified that coping strategies together with self-concept had a joint impact on marital stress(1,369)=5.88,sig.=.016;a joint influence was also observed between self-concept and educational qualification on marital stress(1,369)=4.18,sig.=.042.Hence,married working women should strive for higher education and also use emotion-focused coping strategies in dealing with marital stress.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 30872604
文摘Lower vertebrates, such as fish and amphibians, and higher vertebrates in embryonic development can acquire complete regeneration of complex body structures, including the spinal cord, an important part of the central nervous system. However, with species evolution and development, this regenerative capacity gradually weakens and even disappears, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. We explored the differences in mechanisms of spinal cord regeneration capability between lower and higher vertebrates, investigated differences in their cellular and molecular mechanisms and between the spinal cord structures of lower vertebrates and mammals, such as rat and monkey, to search for theoretical evidence and therapeutic targets for nerve regeneration in human spinal cord.
文摘In English as Second language reading research, how can the processes involved in reading make contribution to teachingof reading skills has long been discussed. In this essay, processes of reading as well as the applications in the classroom are illus-trated. The first section of this essay will look at some basic or background information about reading process, such as basic con-cepts and importance of lower-level and higher-level processes. The second section will discuss critically lower-level processsuch as word recognition, grammatical knowledge and lexical access. Whether these components of lower-level process have an ef-fect on EFL or ESL advanced learners and how to take these factors into consideration while teaching reading. The third sectionwill talk about several components of higher-level process such as schemata and strategy
文摘整车制造业中,物流是非增值环节,物流成本的削减可以为企业赢取更高的边际利润。为了降低厂内生产物流成本,准时化生产(JIT,Just in Time),排序拉动生产(JIS,Just in Sequence),物流服务外包等模式应运而生。文章以北京奔驰后驱车工厂为例,对厂内的生产物流作业成本进行研究。以零件进入车间为起点,以最小化厂内物流作业成本为目标,综合考虑实际生产约束,搭建收货、入库、出库和配线四大厂内物流作业成本优化模型并成功应用,既实现了本企业生产运营成本的节约,也为其他汽车企业的厂内物流成本优化提供借鉴思路。
