Substantiality:A Construct Indicating Research Excellence to Measure University Research Performance

Purpose:The adequacy of research performance of universities or research institutes have often been evaluated and understood in two axes:“quantity”(i.e.size or volume)and“quality”(i.e.what we define here as a measure of excellence that is considered theoretically independent of size or volume,such as clarity in diamond grading).The purpose of this article is,however,to introduce a third construct named“substantiality”(“ATSUMI”in Japanese)of research performance and to demonstrate its importance in evaluating/understanding research universities.Design/methodology/approach:We take a two-step approach to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed construct by showing that(1)some characteristics of research universities are not well captured by the conventional constructs(“quantity”and“quality”)-based indicators,and(2)the“substantiality”indicators can capture them.Furthermore,by suggesting that“substantiality”indicators appear linked to the reputation that appeared in university reputation rankings by simple statistical analysis,we reveal additional benefits of the construct.Findings:We propose a new construct named“substantiality”for measuring research performance.We show that indicators based on“substantiality”can capture important characteristics of research institutes.“Substantiality”indicators demonstrate their“predictive powers”on research reputation.Research limitations:The concept of“substantiality”originated from IGO game;therefore the ease/difficulty of accepting the concept is culturally dependent.In other words,while it is easily accepted by people from Japan and other East Asian countries and regions,it might be difficult for researchers from other cultural regions to accept it.Practical implications:There is no simple solution to the challenge of evaluating research universities’research performance.It is vital to combine different types of indicators to understand the excellence of research institutes.Substantiality indicators could be part of such a combination of indicators.Originality/value:The authors propose a new construct named substantiality for measuring research performance.They show that indicators based on this construct can capture the important characteristics of research institutes.

Tsinghua University Tsinghua-TOYO Research and Development Center of Magnesium and Aluminum Alloys Processing Technology

Tsinghua-TOYO Research and Development Center of Magnesium and Aluminum Alloys Processing Technology was officially established between Tsinghua University and TOYO Machinery & Metal Co. on Feb. 26, 2002, which is a non-independent legal research organization located in Department of Mechanical Engineering of Tsinghua University. The center was equipped with one set of 650t automatic magnesium and aluminum alloys diecasting machine and necessary accessories including the melting furnaces for magnesium alloys and aluminum alloys, an accurate magnesium pump to transfer the magnesium alloys to the shot sleeve of the die casting machine, a die temperature controller, and data logging systems for cavity pressure and die temperature distributions, etc. The center is aimed to the research and development of magnesium and aluminum die casting process and their related technologies, and the main research contents include:

South China University of fechnology Advanced Metallic Materials Research and Processing Technology Center

A dvanced Metallic Materials Research and Processing Technology Center was found in December 1998. As a unit under The College of Mechanical Engineering, the Center is an expansion of the former Cast and Composite Materials Research Group, which was found in the early eighties of last century. The Center is focusing in the basic and applied research, and development of advanced metallic materials and their processing technology. It also functions as an organization

Human Rights and Humanitarian Law Research Center Peking University Law School

In order to implement the stipulation in the National Human Rights Action Plan （2012-2015） requiring the addition of no less than five national human rights education and training bases by 2015, the appraisal and selection meeting for the second group of national human rights education and training bases was held on March 17, 2014 in Beijing.

Shandong University Human Rights Research Center

I. Overview The Shandong University Human Rights Research Center was founded in 1990 by the university as the ＂hu- man rights research office.＂It is one of the earliest human rights research institutions in China. In 1994, Shandong University decided to upgrade the office to become the current research center. Prof. Xu Xianming was its first director. In order to enhance human rights law studies and showcase the latest developments in human fights research in China, the center launched the well- recognized academic journal Human Rights Research in 1998.

Fudan University Human Rights Research Center

I. Overview of the Fudan University Human Rights Research Center 1. Positioning The Fudan University Human Rights Research Center is an interdisciplinary academic platform, based in China and looking outward to the world. The center integrates the academic resources of Fudan University, a comprehensive higher-learning institution, to organize multifaceted research on human rights issues. The center serves as an engine and a booster for human rights research and education at Fudan University.

Sichuan University Human Rights Law Research Center

I. Introduction The Human Rights Law Research Center of Sichuan University was established in 2004. The center, which relies on the university, combines the functions of theoretical research, teaching and training, and social service. The organizational members of the center consist of the Law School of Sichuan University, the Academy of Social Development and Western Exploration, the Research Institute of Tibetology and the Research Institute of South Asia.

Researchers in Xi'an Jiaotong University have made important progress in the research of flexible epitaxial magnetic nanowire arrays

In recent years,flexible materials are widely concerned by scientists because of their unique bendingproperties and potential applications in flexible wearable electronic devices.Magnetic material,especially one dimensional nano structure with high orientation,are also research focus for researchers due to their important applications in the fields of high density magnetic storage and sensors.Compared

Renmin University of China Human Rights Research Center

I. Overview The Human Rights Research Center of the Renmin University of China was established on Oct. 8, 1991, and was among the first human rights research institutions at a Chinese university. The center is composed of experts and scholars on law, economics, sociology, philosophy and politics. Prof. Zheng Hangsheng is the director of the center and Prof. Gu Dechun is the deputy director. In 1996, the center was listed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization in the fourth edition of the Directory of World Human Rights Research and Training Organizations. Since its establishment, the center has actively conducted research on human rights theory, publicity and education concerning human rights as well as international exchange activities.

Jilin University Center for Human Rights Research and Education

I. Overview The Center for Human Rights Research and Education at Jilin University, is based on the Human Rights Institute of the Theoretical Law Research Center at Jilin University. It brings together teachers and researchers who specialize in constitutional law, ad- ministrative law, criminal law, civil and commercial law, procedural law, labor and social security law, environmental law and international law. With a geo- graphical focus on the three northeastern provinces, the center invites human rights experts to construct a teaching and research platform that combines theoretical research, personnel training, social service and cultural exchange.

Northwest University of Political Science and Law Human Rights Research and Education Center

I. Human Rights Education and Training 1. Overview The Northwest University of Political Science and Law is a diversified university, highlighting law as well as covering philosophy, economics, literature, management, art and engineering. It is an important base for training legal professionals as well as a center for legal education, research and information in Northwest China. The university, which was established 77 years ago and has trained undergraduate students for 56 years and graduate students for 35 years, is financially supported by the Shaanxi provincial govemment.

Southwest University of Political Science and Law Human Rights Education and Research Center

I. Overview 1. History The Southwest University of Political Science and Law devel- oped from the Southwest People＇s Revolutionary University, which was founded in 1950. Based on the former university and the law departments of Sichuan University, Chongqing University, Guizhou University, Yunnan University and Chongqing Finance and Economics College, the Southwest College of Political Science and Law was established.

Globalization and Human Rights——An interview with Associate Researcher Xu Tiebing with the Communication University of China

Human fights has always been a concept that evolves with the development of globalization. To clarify their relations, Human Rights made an interview with Xu Tiebing, an associate researcher on international studies with the Communication University of China. Xu has recently translated the French book Atlas de la Mondialisation into Chinese.

East China University of Political Science and Law Human Rights and Humanitarian Law Research Center

I. Introduction The Human Rights and Humanitarian Law Research Center at the East China University of Political Science and Law was established in December 2006, with public international law experts as its core. The center is administered by the International Law School at the East China University of Political Science and Law.

Chemical Research in Chinese Universities Notice to Authors

＂Chemical Research in Chinese Universities ＂, sponsored by Jilin University mandated by the Ministry of Education of P. R. China and published by Higher Education Press in China, is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry. The journal contains original papers, research notes, letters and reviews written by faculty members, scientific researchers, postgraduates and graduate students of universities and colleges, and scientific institutes all over China and the world, and reports the latest and most creative results of important fundamental research in all aspects of chemistry and of developments with significant consequences across subdisciplines.

Chemical Research in Chinese Universities Notice to Authors

"Chemical Research in Chinese Universities",sponsored by Jilin University mandated by the Ministry of Education of P.R.China and published by Higher Education Press in China,is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry.The journal contains original papers,research notes,letters and reviews written by faculty members,scientific researchers,postgraduates

“Chemical Research in Chinese Universities” Guide for Authors

＂Chemical Research in Chinese Universities＂ , sponsored by Jilin University mandated by the Ministry of Education of P. R. China and published by Higher Education Press, is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry. The journal contains original papers, research notes, letters and reviews written by faculty members, scientific researchers, postgraduates and graduate students of universities and colleges, and scientific institutes all over China and the world, and reports the latest and most creative results of important fundamental research in all aspects of chemistry and of developments with significant consequences across subdisciplines.

Chemical Research in Chinese Universities Notice to Authors

＂Chemical Research in Chinese Universities＂, sponsored by Jilin University mandated by the Ministry of Education of P. R. China and published by Higher Education Press in China, is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry. The journal contains original papers, research notes, letters and reviews written by faculty members, scientific researchers, postgraduates and graduate students of universities and colleges, and scientific institutes all over China and the world, and reports the latest and most creative results of important fundamental research in all aspects of chemistry and of developments with significant consequences across subdisciplines.

＂Chemical Research in Chinese Universities＂ Guide for Authors

＂Chemical Research in Chinese Universities＂ , sponsored by Jilin University mandated by the Ministry of Education of P. R. China and published by Higher Education Press, is a comprehensive academic journal in the field of chemistry. The journal contains original papers, research notes, letters and reviews written by faculty members,