The Study on the Evolution of Urban Spatial Structure in Zhuhai City Based on Spatial Syntax

With the deepening of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area strategy and the accelerated integration and development of the east and west sides of the Pearl River Estuary,Zhuhai’s hub position is becoming more and more prominent.The city of Zhuhai has a dense water network and is divided into two urban areas,the east and the west,under the influence of the Mordor Gate waterway.Based on the theory of spatial syntax,this paper carries out an analytical study on the urban spatial structure of Zhuhai,identifies the distribution characteristics of urban POIs,and provides theoretical support for the urban development of Zhuhai.

Unified Data Model of Urban Air Pollution Dispersion and 3D Spatial City Model:Groundwork Assessment towards Sustainable Urban Development for Malaysia

Understanding the behavior of urban air pollution is important en route for sustainable urban development (SUD). Malaysia is on its mission to be a developed country by year 2020 comprehends dealing with air pollution is one of the indicators headed towards it. At present monitoring and managing air pollution in urban areas encompasses sophisticated air quality modeling and data acquisition. However, rapid developments in major cities cause difficulties in acquiring the city geometries. The existing method in acquiring city geometries data via ground or space measurement inspection such as field survey, photogrammetry, laser scanning, remote sensing or using architectural plans appears not to be practical because of its cost and efforts. Moreover, air monitoring stations deployed are intended for regional to global scale model whereby it is not accurate for urban areas with typical resolution of less than 2 km. Furthermore in urban areas, the pollutant dispersion movements are trapped between buildings initiating it to move vertically causing visualization complications which imply the limitations of existing visualization scheme that is based on two-dimensional (2D) framework. Therefore this paper aims is to perform groundwork assessment and discuss on the current scenario in Malaysia in the aspect of current policies towards SUD, air quality monitoring stations, scale model and detail discussion on air pollution dispersion model used called the Operational Street Pollution Model (OSPM). This research proposed the implementation of three-dimensional (3D) spatial city model as a new physical data input for OSPM. The five Level of Details (LOD) of 3D spatial city model shows the scale applicability for the dispersion model implementtation. Subsequently 3D spatial city model data commonly available on the web, by having a unified data model shows the advantages in easy data acquisition, 3D visualization of air pollution dispersion and improves visual analysis of air quality monitoring in urban areas.

Spatial-Temporal Features of Wuhan Urban Agglomeration Regional Development Pattern—Based on DMSP/OLS Night Light Data

Based on the night light data, urban area data, and economic data of Wuhan Urban Agglomeration from 2009 to 2015, we use spatial correlation dimension, spatial self-correlation analysis and weighted standard deviation ellipse to identify the general characteristics and dynamic evolution characteristics of urban spatial pattern and economic disparity pattern. The research results prove that: between 2009 and 2013, Wuhan Urban Agglomeration expanded gradually from northwest to southeast and presented the dynamic evolution features of “along the river and the road”. The spatial structure is obvious, forming the pattern of “core-periphery”. The development of Wuhan Urban Agglomeration has obvious imbalance in economic geography space, presenting the development tendency of “One prominent, stronger in the west and weaker in the east”. The contract within Wuhan Urban Agglomeration is gradually decreased. Wuhan city and its surrounding areas have stronger economic growth strength as well as the cities along The Yangtze River. However, the relative development rate of Wuhan city area is still far higher than other cities and counties.

Spatio-temporal Analysis of Urban Spatial Interaction in Globalizing China—A Case Study of Beijing-Shanghai Corridor

This paper aims to explore urban geography with a new perspective. Endowed with the urban geography connotations, an improved data field model is employed to integrate temporal dimension into spatial process of cities in a typical region in this article. Taking the Beijing-Shanghai Corridor including 18 cities as an example, the authors chose the city centricity index (CCI) and the spatial data field model to analyze the evolution process and features of sub-region and urban spatial interaction in this corridor based on the data of 1991, 1996 and 2002. Through the analy- sis, we found that: 1) with the improvement of the urbanization level and the development of urban economy, the cit- ies’ CCI grew, the urban spatial radiative potential enhanced and the radiative range expanded gradually, which reflects the urban spatial interaction’s intensity has been increasing greatly; 2) although the spatial interaction intensity among the cities and sub-regions in the Beijing-Shanghai Corridor was growing constantly, the gap of the spatial interaction strength among different cities and sub-regions was widening, and the spatial division between the developed areas and the less developed areas was obvious; and 3) the intensity of the spatial interaction of Beijing, Shanghai and their urban agglomerations was far greater than that in small cities of other parts of the corridor, and it may have a strong drive force on the choice of spatial location of the economic activities.

Spatial Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Urban Resilience from the Perspective of Daily Activity:A Case Study of Nanjing,China

Based on the connotation of urban resilience and the main contradictions of China's urbanization,urban resilience is placed within the main daily activities contradictory scene of the urban man-land system to build a theoretical framework of urban activity resilience.Relying on geographic big data,this study identifies the spatial characteristics of activity resilience,reveals the impact of activity environment on activity resilience in Nanjing,and proposes countermeasures.The main conclusions are as follows.1)Activity resilience presents a composite spatial structure of circles and clusters,and most areas are resilient but at a low level.2)There are significantly positive and negative global autocorrelation between activity resilience and activity scale,and activity stability.Simultaneously,there also exists a local spatial autocorrelation with the opposite positive and negative trends.3)Activity environment has a significant effect on activity resilience,and the degree and direction of influence among different dimensions and regions are heterogeneous.4)For activity resilience,it is necessary to increase the matching degree between the scale and stability of activities,and reduce the excessive concentration and flow of activities.For the activity environment,it is necessary to improve the accessibility of the ecological environment,strengthen the high-quality supply of the infrastructure environment,optimize the balance of the location environment,and promote the inclusiveness of the social environment.

Urbanity mapping reveals the complexity,diffuseness,diversity,and connectivity of urbanized areas

There are urgent calls for new approaches to map the global urban conditions of complexity,diffuseness,diversity,and connectivity.However,existing methods mostly focus on mapping urbanized areas as bio physical entities.Here,based on the continuum of urbanity framework,we developed an approach for cross-scale urbanity map-ping from town to city and urban megaregion with different spatial resolutions using the Google Earth Engine.This approach was developed based on multi-source remote sensing data,Points of Interest-Open Street Map(POIs-OSM)big data,and the random forest regression model.This approach is scale-independent and revealed significant spatial variations in urbanity,underscoring differences in urbanization patterns across megaregions and between urban and rural areas.Urbanity was observed transcending traditional urban boundaries,diffusing into rural settlements within non-urban locales.The finding of urbanity in rural communities far from urban areas challenges the gradient theory of urban-rural development and distribution.By mapping livelihoods,lifestyles,and connectivity simultaneously,urbanity maps present a more comprehensive characterization of the complex-ity,diffuseness,diversity,and connectivity of urbanized areas than that by land cover or population density alone.It helps enhance the understanding of urbanization beyond biophysical form.This approach can provide a multifaceted understanding of urbanization,and thereby insights on urban and regional sustainability.

Spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of urban resilience in the Yellow River Basin,China

The Yellow River Basin of China is a key region that contains myriad interactions between human activities and natural environment.Industrialization and urbanization promote social-economic development,but they also have generated a series of environmental and ecological issues in this basin.Previous researches have evaluated urban resilience at the national,regional,urban agglomeration,city,and prefecture levels,but not at the watershed level.To address this research gap and elevate the Yellow River Basin’s urban resilience level,we constructed an urban resilience evaluation index system from five dimensions:industrial resilience,social resilience,environmental resilience,technological resilience,and organizational resilience.The entropy weight method was used to comprehensively evaluate urban resilience in the Yellow River Basin.The exploratory spatial data analysis method was employed to study the spatiotemporal differences in urban resilience in the Yellow River Basin in 2010,2015,and 2020.Furthermore,the grey correlation analysis method was utilized to explore the influencing factors of these differences.The results of this study are as follows:(1)the overall level of urban resilience in the Yellow River Basin was relatively low but showed an increasing trend during 2010–2015,and significant spatial distribution differences were observed,with a higher resilience level in the eastern region and a low-medium resilience level in the western region;(2)the differences in urban resilience were noticeable,with industrial resilience and social resilience being relatively highly developed,whereas organizational resilience and environmental resilience were relatively weak;and(3)the correlation ranking of resilience influencing factors was as follows:science and technology level>administrative power>openness>market forces.This research can provide a basis for improving the resilience level of cities in the Yellow River Basin and contribute to the high-quality development of the region.

基于手机信令数据的广州市居民公园访问行为空间分异及其影响因素分析

加快推进城市公园建设是实现人与自然和谐共生的重要抓手。既有研究大多基于问卷调查数据和访谈资料分析城市居民的公园访问行为空间分异特征,研究结论的普适性和科学性有限。手机信令数据具有大样本、覆盖范围广、信息被动提供和动态实时性强等优点。利用手机信令数据精准刻画城市居民的公园访问行为,有助于开展城市公园的布局优化与品质提升工作。基于个体尺度的手机信令数据,本研究试图揭示广州市居民公园访问行为的空间分异特征并识别其影响因素,尤其关注城区居民和郊区居民的差别。结果表明:(1)城区居民的公园访问频率、公园访问时长和公园访问强度均高于郊区居民,前者的公园平均访问距离低于后者;(2)公园访问频率、公园访问强度、公园平均逗留时间和公园平均访问距离呈现高值集聚区/低值集聚区在城区连片分布,在郊区零星分布的空间特征;(3)公园访问行为受性别、年龄、时空约束性、社会经济地位、公园可达性、社区出行便利性和出行适宜性等因素的共同影响。本研究为相关政府部门精准开展城市公园的规划、建设与管理工作提供决策参考。

基于Oracle Spatial的GIS数据一体化存储模型及在城镇地籍调查中的应用

本文主要围绕Oracle Spatial的对象-关系模型阐述了GIS数据一体化存储模型,并用具体实例分析了模型在城镇地籍调查中的应用。

Urban spatial cluster structure in metro travel networks:An explorative study of Wuhan using big and open data

Rail transit plays a crucial role in improving urban sustainability and livability.In many Chinese cities,the planning of rail transit routes and stations is focused on facilitating new developments rather than revitalizing existing built-up areas.This approach reflects the local governments’expectations of substantial growth to reshape the urban structure.However,existing research on transit-oriented development(TOD)rarely explores the spatial interactions between individual transit stations and investigates how they can be integrated to achieve synergistic effects and balanced development.This study proposes that rail transit systems impact urban structure through two“forces”:the provision of additional and reliable carrying capacity and the reduction of travel time between locations.Metro passenger flow is used as a proxy for these forces,and community detection techniques are employed to identify the actual and optimal spatial clusters in Wuhan,China.The results reveal that the planned sub-centers align reasonably well with the optimal spatial clusters in terms of spatial configuration.However,the actual spatial clusters tend to have longer internal travel times compared to the optimal clusters.Further exploration suggests the need for equalizing land use density within planned spatial clusters served by the metro system.Additionally,promoting concentrated,differentiated,and mixed functional arrangements in metro station areas with low passenger flows within the planned clusters could be beneficial.This paper presents a new framework for investigating urban spatial clusters influenced by a metro system.

Spatial Matching Degree Between Education, Healthcare, Elderly Care Facilities and the Built Environment in Megacities Based on POI Data: A Case Study of Chengdu Central Urban Area

During rapid urbanization, megacities see disparities in the spatial distribution of basic public service facilities and the urban built environment. Current research on basic public service facilities focuses on equal spatial distribution, leading to the overlook of their match with the surrounding built environment. Based on a case study on education, healthcare, and elderly care facilities in Chengdu central urban area, this paper analyzes the spatial distribution of these facilities and the built environment, and examines their spatial matching degree using a bivariate spatial autocorrelation model. The findings reveal the following insights: firstly, education and healthcare facilities present a “one core and multi-center” spatial distribution pattern, with the city center serving as the core and suburban subdistricts acting as the multiple centers, while elderly care facilities present a core-edge distribution pattern in contrast;secondly, the built environment presents a core-edge radial distribution pattern, with the city center acting as the nucleus that connects suburban subdistricts;thirdly, the spatial matching degree between the facilities and the urban built environment from the city center outwards is characterized by high, low, medium, and high levels. Notably, a significant spatial mismatch is observed in urban-rural transitional zones. In light of these findings, the paper comes to a conclusion that during urbanization, the efforts to equalize basic public service facilities in the urban-rural transitional zones may lead to spatial mismatches, to which urban planners and managers should pay close attention.

Using multi-source data to assess livability in Hong Kong at the community-based level:A combined subjective-objective approach

With the emergence of new types of data(e.g.social media data)and cutting-edge computer technology(e.g.Natural Language Processing),the shortcomings of traditional methods(subjective and objective ways)for de-tecting urban livability can be overcome by an integrated approach.This study aims to develop a comprehensive approach to measure urban livability based on statistic data,geo-data(e.g.points of interest),questionnaires survey,and social media data(Instagram),from both objective and subjective angles.Hong Kong,as a city with a high level of urbanization and contrasting urban environments,is chosen as the study area in this research.Through this study,the question“which area of Hong Kong is more suitable for living”is answered by the visu-alization of GIS-based analysis.Also,the correlation between livability scores and individuals’sentiment scores are explored.Specifically,the results show that central areas of Hong Kong with a higher level of urbanization are relatively more livable than suburban regions.However,through sentiment analysis,individuals who post Instagram in suburban areas of Hong Kong usually express more positive content and happier emotion than those who post Instagram in central urban areas.The study could offer useful information for the policy action of authorities as well as the residential location choices of citizens.

Spatio-temporal evolution and factor explanatory power analysis of urban resilience in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

Urban resilience assesses a city’s ability to withstand unknown risks.Scholars are not comprehensive in assessing urban resilience,and they lack consideration of population resilience.This study investigated 110 prefecturelevel cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt(YREB)as study areas.We calculated the YREB’s level of urban resilience based on the aspects of“economy-society-population-ecology-infrastructure”,which ensured that the comprehensive evaluation of urban resilience is complete and sufficient.The spatio-temporal evolution of urban resilience was analyzed using exploratory spatial data.Geodetectors were used to investigate the impact of several indicators,focusing on economic,social,population,ecological,and infrastructure factors,on urban resilience.The results showed that the urban resilience of the YREB has maintained a slow upward trend from 2005 to 2018,and the average urban resilience of the YREB has risen from 0.2442 to 0.2560.The resilience gap between cities in the study region increased initially and then decreased.The dominant factor in the spatial differentiation of urban resilience was the economic factors,followed by the population factors.Urban resilience has been clarified and an evaluation index system is constructed,which can provide an effective reference for the evaluation of urban resilience among countries around the world.Based on this,factors that optimize urban resilience are configured,and the regional and national sustainable development can be promoted.

基于ArcGIS和Oracle Spatial的城市空间基础数据库系统

介绍了利用ArcGIS和Oracle Spatial实现"图属一体化"的城市空间基础数据库系统的方法与技术,特别针对数据组织和系统开发的关键技术进行了阐述。

基于Spatial OLAP的城市交通综合管理系统设计与实现

空间联机分析处理技术将GIS与联机分析处理技术OLAP相结合,提供在空间维度上进行不同尺度钻取的解决方案——SOLAP。该文基于SOLAP技术,构建一个城市交通的综合管理系统,并在电子地图上展示不同区域、路段、时段的交通流信息,为交通管理者进行决策提供技术支持。

Study on Dynamic Mechanism of Urban Expansion: A Case Study of Shandong Province

This paper aims at studying the dynamic mechanism of urban expansion and its role. Based on the economic model of urban spatial structure and applying panel data in Shandong Province, the paper concludes. Economic growth and transition of economic structure have played the most powerful role in urban expansion. An increase in population helps the core to extend. Increasing agricultural productivity can provide a countervailing force. An increase in transportation costs will limit urban expan- sion. An increase in the marginal productivity of land in housing production will increase urban expansion. Fiscal and taxation policies also have encouraged the extensive shift of cultivated land into build-up area. This paper also suggests that if high rate increasing GDP is needed, the urban core will continue to expand. The government should take measures to improve the rapid growth of the city.

基于Geodatabase模型的城市公交线网数据库设计研究

Geodatabase是ESRI推出的新一代空间数据模型,其开创性地将面向对象的理念引入到空间数据库的数据组织和结构设计之中,极大地拓宽了此种数据模型的应用领域。通过介绍Geodatabase数据模型的结构特点和设计方法,并利用其对城市公交线网数据库进行设计研究,可为工程技术人员提供参考和借鉴。

The Empirical Analysis of the Influence of Urbanization on Regional Economic Growth

After decades of development,China's economy has achieved remarkable achievement.One of the signals is the rise of Chinese cities.The process of urbanization and economic development are intertwined.In addition,China is in the important stage of economic transition because the current economic development in China has risen to the bottleneck period.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the influence of urbanization on regional economic growth,which will better guide the process of urbanization in China and help to give better policy recommendations.Based on the previous researches and theories,this paper selects relevant data and carries out the empirical research.The empirical results show that there is a strong spatial autocorrelation in China's economy,and the development of urbanization plays a very important role in promoting the economy.The specific manifestation is:with high science and technology level,huge education investment and fine city infrastructure,the city’s economic developments are obviously at high speed,and have the spillover effect to periphery area.In the end,this paper gives relevant policy implements on the problems of urban development in China.

笔谈:数字化为文明赋彩——文物和文化遗产数字技术应用现状与实践路径

数字技术在文化遗产领域的应用已从最初的信息储存和传输,发展到数据处理分析,进而进化到今天的自动化和智能化处理与展示,在文化遗产研究、记录、保护、利用等方面起到了至关重要的作用。当前,我国基本形成覆盖文物保护工作全链条的数字化解决方案,并不断创新核心技术与设备,形成通用技术与国际并驾齐驱、特色技术引领国际潮流的发展趋势。数字技术在考古遗址三维空间信息的获取、分析、模拟、研究和展示等全过程中发挥着重要作用,为古代遗址与自然环境之间的人地关系等研究开辟了新的途径。新一代测绘技术,可实现对建成遗产三维数字形式的记录与保存,在精度、纹理、展示分析、交互以及文物古建的数字修复等方面具有不可替代的价值。通过“空间历史大数据”途径,可以打破过往人文学科与空间操作之间的知识鸿沟与技术壁垒,促进文化遗产以体系化技术操作实现“公众化”,通过文化空间实践达成未来城乡高质量发展和历史人文知识存续之间的良性互动。数字化实践在非物质文化遗产保护中的应用范围在不断扩大,已然从保存、宣传扩展到传承、振兴的层面。从全球视野审视数字化这一新兴领域的发展历程和前沿动态,文化遗产数字化面临着建立更完善的数据资源等挑战。

铁路网络联系对城市土地绿色利用效率的影响研究——以长三角地区为例

研究目的:探究铁路网络联系对城市土地绿色利用效率的影响及空间溢出效应,为依托铁路交通发展促进土地绿色利用效率提升提供科学依据。研究方法:超效率SBM模型,社会网络分析方法,空间面板模型。研究结果:(1)长三角城市铁路联系强度和土地绿色利用效率均呈现显著的增长趋势,土地绿色利用效率存在着较为明显的区域差异。(2)铁路联系强度的提高促进了本城市土地绿色利用效率的提升,与综合铁路联系相比,高铁联系对本城市土地绿色利用效率的提升作用更加明显。(3)铁路联系的加强促进了本城市产业结构合理化水平的提升和创新产出的增长,进而对土地绿色利用效率产生影响。高铁联系在促进本城市产业结构合理化水平提升和创新产出增长方面的作用更加明显。(4)城市对外铁路联系强度的提高产生了负向的空间溢出效应,抑制了邻近城市土地绿色利用效率的提升。研究结论:应充分发挥铁路建设在优化产业结构、促进创新方面的作用,依托铁路网络加强区域内经济技术合作、发挥各城市比较优势,以推动区域土地绿色利用效率的整体性提升。