This paper discusses the major problems in urban green space system （UGSS） planning at both general and special planning levels in China. At general planning level, the problems of the UGSS are mainly from the ignor...This paper discusses the major problems in urban green space system （UGSS） planning at both general and special planning levels in China. At general planning level, the problems of the UGSS are mainly from the ignorance in the characteristics of urban nature spaces and the limitation factors of the urban planning system. Great importance is attached to the green spaces in the built area of city, but the green spaces in surrounding areas of the city is unnoticed. Furthermore, because the area of UGSS planning is strictly limited by the administrative zoning, the green space system loses its integrity and rationality in spatial patterns. The schedules of urban development planning mismatched the paces and progresses of the ecological restoration cycles. At special plan level, the problem of the UGSS in China is that the green spaces quantity was over emphasized but the rationality of their layouts is neglected.. Meanwhile, the requirement of the spatial structures and the green spaces layouts to balance between the urban development and the natural ecological environments is often ignored. With regard to the layouts in the UGSS planning practices, the existing problems are the compromising to the existing land-uses, the ＇filling in＇ approach to plan green spaces and an over-emphasis on the layout patterns.展开更多
校园绿地是城市绿地中的重要组成部分,为了研究城市绿地对热环境的调控功能,以东南大学四牌楼校区的校园绿地作为研究对象,采用无人机热红外拍摄提取地表温度数据,并结合实地调查确定绿地中植物的种类、冠幅,结合公式完成对绿地绿量及...校园绿地是城市绿地中的重要组成部分,为了研究城市绿地对热环境的调控功能,以东南大学四牌楼校区的校园绿地作为研究对象,采用无人机热红外拍摄提取地表温度数据,并结合实地调查确定绿地中植物的种类、冠幅,结合公式完成对绿地绿量及绿量密度的计算,通过函数回归的方法分析绿量密度与地表温度的关系。结果表明,绿地的地表温度与绿量密度呈对数函数关系,绿量密度存在大小阈值。当绿量密度≤小阈值(≤4.08 m 3/m 2)时,单位面积绿量与温度呈显著负相关性,绿量的增加会起到显著的降温效果;当绿量密度处于大小阈值之间(4.08 m 3/m 2,16.32 m 3/m 2)时,单位面积绿量与温度仍有负相关性,但绿量的增加使降温效果有所下降;当绿量密度≥大阈值(≥16.32 m 3/m 2)时,绿地自身的温度特性相对稳定,受绿量增加的影响较小。展开更多
选取昆明市明通河流域为研究区域,在暴雨管理模型(SWMM模型)参数敏感性分析、模型率定的基础上,对明通河流域进行了降雨径流水量水质模拟。结果表明:SWMM模型水文水力模块中最灵敏参数为不透水率,水质模块中污染物最大累积量、污染物累...选取昆明市明通河流域为研究区域,在暴雨管理模型(SWMM模型)参数敏感性分析、模型率定的基础上,对明通河流域进行了降雨径流水量水质模拟。结果表明:SWMM模型水文水力模块中最灵敏参数为不透水率,水质模块中污染物最大累积量、污染物累积速率均为灵敏参数,而冲刷系数和冲刷指数的灵敏度受降雨强度影响波动较大。水量水质模拟结果与实测结果较为吻合,模型率定取得了满意的结果。模拟结果显示,研究区降雨径流总氮、总磷、化学需氧量单位面积负荷率分别为75.6、8.5、697.8 kg hm-2a-1,城市降雨径流污染在滇池流域面源污染中占有较大份额。展开更多
文摘This paper discusses the major problems in urban green space system （UGSS） planning at both general and special planning levels in China. At general planning level, the problems of the UGSS are mainly from the ignorance in the characteristics of urban nature spaces and the limitation factors of the urban planning system. Great importance is attached to the green spaces in the built area of city, but the green spaces in surrounding areas of the city is unnoticed. Furthermore, because the area of UGSS planning is strictly limited by the administrative zoning, the green space system loses its integrity and rationality in spatial patterns. The schedules of urban development planning mismatched the paces and progresses of the ecological restoration cycles. At special plan level, the problem of the UGSS in China is that the green spaces quantity was over emphasized but the rationality of their layouts is neglected.. Meanwhile, the requirement of the spatial structures and the green spaces layouts to balance between the urban development and the natural ecological environments is often ignored. With regard to the layouts in the UGSS planning practices, the existing problems are the compromising to the existing land-uses, the ＇filling in＇ approach to plan green spaces and an over-emphasis on the layout patterns.
文摘校园绿地是城市绿地中的重要组成部分,为了研究城市绿地对热环境的调控功能,以东南大学四牌楼校区的校园绿地作为研究对象,采用无人机热红外拍摄提取地表温度数据,并结合实地调查确定绿地中植物的种类、冠幅,结合公式完成对绿地绿量及绿量密度的计算,通过函数回归的方法分析绿量密度与地表温度的关系。结果表明,绿地的地表温度与绿量密度呈对数函数关系,绿量密度存在大小阈值。当绿量密度≤小阈值(≤4.08 m 3/m 2)时,单位面积绿量与温度呈显著负相关性,绿量的增加会起到显著的降温效果;当绿量密度处于大小阈值之间(4.08 m 3/m 2,16.32 m 3/m 2)时,单位面积绿量与温度仍有负相关性,但绿量的增加使降温效果有所下降;当绿量密度≥大阈值(≥16.32 m 3/m 2)时,绿地自身的温度特性相对稳定,受绿量增加的影响较小。
文摘选取昆明市明通河流域为研究区域,在暴雨管理模型(SWMM模型)参数敏感性分析、模型率定的基础上,对明通河流域进行了降雨径流水量水质模拟。结果表明:SWMM模型水文水力模块中最灵敏参数为不透水率,水质模块中污染物最大累积量、污染物累积速率均为灵敏参数,而冲刷系数和冲刷指数的灵敏度受降雨强度影响波动较大。水量水质模拟结果与实测结果较为吻合,模型率定取得了满意的结果。模拟结果显示,研究区降雨径流总氮、总磷、化学需氧量单位面积负荷率分别为75.6、8.5、697.8 kg hm-2a-1,城市降雨径流污染在滇池流域面源污染中占有较大份额。
