From Urban-Rural Division to Urban-Rural Integration： A Systematic Cost Explanation and Chengdu＇s Experience

There is a considerable urban-rural divide in economic wellbeing in China. Since it was established as an urban-rural reform zone in 2007, Chengdu has seen significant reduction in the disparity in its urban and rural household incomes. From 2007 to 2010, Chengdu adopted urban-rural coordination policy by defining rural land property rights and establishing a rural land market. After 2010, Chengdu adopted an urban- rural integration strategy and allowed villager and business enterprises to participate in land consolidation. The transition from urban-rural division to urban-rural integration involves reducing systematic costs. The degree of urban-rural integration depends on the extent of the reduction in systematic costs.

Mapping and measuring urban-rural inequalities in accessibility to social infrastructures

Equal access to social infrastructures is a fundamental prerequisite for sustainable development,but has long been a great challenge worldwide.Previous studies have primarily focused on the accessibility to social infras-tructures in urban areas across various scales,with less attention to rural areas,where inequality can be more severe.Particularly,few have investigated the disparities of accessibility to social infrastructures between urban and rural areas.Here,using the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration,China,as an example,we investigated the inequality of accessibility in both urban and rural areas,and further compared the urban-rural difference.Accessibility was measured by travel time of residents to infrastructures.We selected four types of social infrastructures including supermarkets,bus stops,primary schools,and health care,which were funda-mentally important to both urban and rural residents.We found large disparities in accessibility between urban and rural areas,ranging from 20 min to 2 h.Rural residents had to spend one to two more hours to bus stops than urban residents,and 20 min more to the other three types of infrastructures.Furthermore,accessibility to multiple infrastructures showed greater urban-rural differences.Rural residents in more than half of the towns had no access to any infrastructure within 15 min,while more than 60%of the urban residents could access to all infrastructures within 15 min.Our results revealed quantitative accessibility gap between urban and rural areas and underscored the necessity of social infrastructures planning to address such disparities.

The Cumulative Method for Multiplication and Division

This paper provides a method of the process of computation called the cumulative method, it is based upon repeated cumulative process. The cumulative method is being adapted to the purposes of computation, particularly multiplication and division. The operations of multiplication and division are represented by algebraic formulas. An advantage of the method is that the cumulative process can be performed on decimal numbers. The present paper aims to establish a basic and useful formula valid for the two fundamental arithmetic operations of multiplication and division. The new cumulative method proved to be more flexible and made it possible to extend the multiplication and division based on repeated addition/subtraction to decimal numbers.

Machine learning solution for regional landslide susceptibility based on fault zone division strategy

Landslide susceptibility assessment is an essential tool for disaster prevention and management. In areas with multiple fault zones, the impact of fault zone on slope stability cannot be disregarded. This study performed qualitative analysis of fault zones and proposed a zoning method to assess the landslide susceptibility in Chengkou County, Chongqing Municipality, China. The region within a distance of 1 km from the faults was designated as sub-zone A, while the remaining area was labeled as sub-zone B. To accomplish the assessment, a dataset comprising 388 historical landslides and 388 non-landslide points was used to train the random forest model. 10-fold cross-validation was utilized to select the training and testing datasets for the model. The results of the models were analyzed and discussed, with a focus on model performance and prediction uncertainty. By implementing the proposed division strategy based on fault zone, the accuracy, precision, recall, F-score, and AUC of both two sub-zones surpassed those of the whole region. In comparison to the results obtained for the whole region, sub-zone B exhibited an increase in AUC by 6.15%, while sub-zone A demonstrated a corresponding increase of 1.66%. Moreover, the results of 100 random realizations indicated that the division strategy has little effect on the prediction uncertainty. This study introduces a novel approach to enhance the prediction accuracy of the landslide susceptibility mapping model in areas with multiple fault zones.

Cell division cyclin 25C knockdown inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma development by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress

BACKGROUND Cell division cyclin 25C(CDC25C)is a protein that plays a critical role in the cell cycle,specifically in the transition from the G2 phase to the M phase.Recent research has shown that CDC25C could be a potential therapeutic target for cancers,particularly for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).However,the specific regulatory mechanisms underlying the role of CDC25C in HCC tumorigenesis and development remain incompletely understood.AIM To explore the impact of CDC25C on cell proliferation and apoptosis,as well as its regulatory mechanisms in HCC development.METHODS Hepa1-6 and B16 cells were transduced with a lentiviral vector containing shRNA interference sequences(LV-CDC25C shRNA)to knock down CDC25C.Subsequently,a xenograft mouse model was established by subcutaneously injecting transduced Hepa1-6 cells into C57BL/6 mice to assess the effects of CDC25C knockdown on HCC development in vivo.Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using a Cell Counting Kit-8 cell proliferation assays and wound healing assays,respectively.The expression of endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress-related molecules(glucose-regulated protein 78,X-box binding protein-1,and C/EBP homologous protein)was measured in both cells and subcutaneous xenografts using quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)and western blotting.Additionally,apoptosis was investigated using flow cytometry,qRT-PCR,and western blotting.RESULTS CDC25C was stably suppressed in Hepa1-6 and B16 cells through LV-CDC25C shRNA transduction.A xenograft model with CDC25C knockdown was successfully established and that downregulation of CDC25C expression significantly inhibited HCC growth in mice.CDC25C knockdown not only inhibited cell proliferation and migration but also significantly increased the ER stress response,ultimately promoting ER stress-induced apoptosis in HCC cells.CONCLUSION The regulatory mechanism of CDC25C in HCC development may involve the activation of ER stress and the ER stress-induced apoptosis signaling pathway.

Rural labor migration and farmers’arrangements of rice production systems in Central China:Insight from the intergenerational division of labor

Rice production is crucial for food security in China,and its relationship with rural labor migration has been studied extensively.Labor migration in rural China has taken new forms in recent years.There has been a discernible trend wherein adult children have started migrating to cities while their elderly parents return to villages to re-engage in on-farm work.The phenomenon has notably shaped the intergenerational division of labor(IDL)within households.However,it remains to be seen how farmers adjust their rice production systems in response to the IDL.The age of 60 years for employment injury insurance is the eligibility threshold for off-farm employment and is used to obtain a source of exogenous variation in the IDL.Based on a representative household survey of 1,752 rice farmers in the Hubei Province of Central China,our fuzzy regression discontinuity analysis reveals that farmers in IDL households are more likely to adopt ratoon rice(RR)than single cropping rice(SR)or double cropping rice(DR).The effect of the IDL varies under different levels of operational scales and specialized agricultural service availability.Further analysis suggests that farmers’arrangements are associated with two potential mechanisms of downward intergenerational transfer.Monetary transfer for urban housing purchases increases RR in IDL households,and time transfer for intergenerational childcare significantly promotes SR in IDL households.This study enhances the understanding of the relationship between rural labor migration and rice production in China,providing a reference for adjusting rice production systems to ensure food security.

Structural characteristics and tectonic division of the Zambezi Delta basin in the offshore East Africa:evidences from gravity and seismic data

The Zambezi Delta basin is a passive marginal basin located on the East African coast that has good oil and gas exploration potential.Due to the special geological evolutionary background of the Beira High in the Zambezi Delta basin,it has a low gravity anomaly,and the existing seismic survey lines do not cover the whole basin;therefore,it is difficult to interpret the structural characteristics of the whole basin based solely on gravity or seismic data.Based on satellite altimetry gravity anomaly data,this study infers the distribution characteristics of faults in the Zambezi Delta basin by using the normalized vertical derivative of the total horizontal derivative(NVDR-THDR)technique.Then,constrained by seismic data,the gravity anomaly at the Moho interface is extracted by using the fast forward method of the double-interface model of the gravity anomaly,and this anomaly is then removed from the Bouguer gravity anomaly to obtain the sedimentary layer gravity anomaly.The thickness of the sedimentary strata is obtained by inversing the sedimentary basement depth of the whole basin.Then,uplifts and depressions are divided based on a sedimentary layer thickness of 3 km.This research demonstrates that the Zambezi Delta basin mainly features nearly SN-trending and NE-trending faults and that these faults exhibit east-west partitioning.The nearly SN-trending strike-slip faults controlled the sedimentary development of the basin,and the NE-trending tensile faults may have acted as migration channels for oil,gas and magma.The“overcompensation”effect of the Moho interface gravity anomaly on the gravity anomaly of the sedimentary layer is caused by the depression of the Moho interface beneath the Beira High,which results in a low gravity anomaly value for the Beira High.The pattern of uplifts and depressions trends NE and has the structural characteristics of east-west blocks.

Spatial Distribution Pattern and Influencing Factors of Bed-and-breakfasts(B&Bs)from the Perspective of Urban-rural Differences:A Case Study of Jiaodong Peninsula,China

There are significant differences between urban and rural bed-and-breakfasts(B&Bs)in terms of customer positioning,economic strength and spatial carrier.Accurately identifying the differences in spatial characteristics and influencing factors of each type,is essential for creating urban and rural B&B agglomeration areas.This study used density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise(DBSCAN)and the multi-scale geographically weighted regression(MGWR)model to explore similarities and differences in the spatial distribution patterns and influencing factors for urban and rural B&Bs on the Jiaodong Peninsula of China from 2010 to 2022.The results showed that:1)both urban and rural B&Bs in Jiaodong Peninsula went through three stages:a slow start from 2010 to 2015,rapid development from 2015 to 2019,and hindered development from 2019 to 2022.However,urban B&Bs demonstrated a higher development speed and agglomeration intensity,leading to an increasingly evident trend of uneven development between the two sectors.2)The clustering scale of both urban and rural B&Bs continued to expand in terms of quantity and volume.Urban B&B clusters characterized by a limited number,but a higher likelihood of transitioning from low-level to high-level clusters.While the number of rural B&B clusters steadily increased over time,their clustering scale was comparatively lower than that of urban B&Bs,and they lacked the presence of high-level clustering.3)In terms of development direction,urban B&B clusters exhibited a relatively stable pattern and evolved into high-level clustering centers within the main urban areas.Conversely,rural B&Bs exhibited a more pronounced spatial diffusion effect,with clusters showing a trend of multi-center development along the coastline.4)Transport emerged as a common influencing factor for both urban and rural B&Bs,with the density of road network having the strongest explanatory power for their spatial distribution.In terms of differences,population agglomeration had a positive impact on the distribution of urban B&Bs and a negative effect on the distribution of rural B&Bs.Rural B&Bs clustering was more influenced by tourism resources compared with urban B&Bs,but increasing tourist stay duration remains an urgent issue to be addressed.The findings of this study could provide a more precise basis for government planning and management of urban and rural B&B agglomeration areas.

Adjustment of Administrative Divisions and Upgrading of Industrial Structure in Hefei Metropolitan Area:Taking"Partitions of Chaohu"as a Quasi-natural Experiment

Administrative regions are an important environment for the operation of China's market economy.The relevant economic subjects cannot predict the policy of adjustment of administrative divisions and carry out conscious migration behavior,adjustment of administrative divisions can be regarded as a quasi-natural experiment.The three cities of Hefei,Wuhu,and Ma'anshan,which are directly related to the adjustment of the administrative division of Chaohu,are taken as the treatment group,and the seven adjacent cities of Lu'an,Huainan,Chuzhou,Bengbu,Anqing,Chizhou,and Tongling are taken as the control group.Differences-in-Differences method and relevant control variables affecting the upgrading of industrial structure are used to test.The test results show that"Partitions of Chaohu"has a significant industrial structure upgrading effect by promoting the optimization of spatial layout,the cross-regional flow of production factors and the effective management of Chaohu Lake Basin.At the same time,the increase of total retail sales of consumer goods,urban fixed assets investment,public utility expenses in science,education,culture and health,and population plays a significant positive role in promoting the upgrading of industrial structure,while foreign direct investment plays a certain inhibition role in the upgrading of industrial structure.In order to meet the ever-developing space demands and enhance the impact on surrounding areas,the Hefei metropolitan area should be driven by technological innovation,strengthen the integration of industrial chains,improve the business environment and transportation network,and continuously promote the upgrading of industrial structure and the formation and development of new productive forces.

Modeling the Seasonal Temperature from Hourly Data: Seasonal Divisions

In this work, we present a general theoretical study leading to analytical expression of the seasonal temperature at the near surface that is expected to evaluate any area seasonal temperature of the world using the least square method to fit the hourly data to the theoretical curve of the temperature. It is shown that the temperature is globally the result of two contributions: the contribution of the revolution movement of the terrestrial globe on its elliptical orbit around the sun, the contribution of the spin-orbit coupling for the rotation movement of the terrestrial globe around its polar axis and its revolution movement. The orbital behavior of the temperature is used to find the seasonal divisions of the climate for the local area considered. The whole expression of the temperature is very useful for the meteorological needs. The contribution of the human activities and natural instabilities are the results of discrepancies which increase errors (standard deviations).

Development of Sustainable Urban-Rural Integration:Dongtan Case Study

The environmental impact issues,such as global warming and expansion of the urban zone,seem more serious and have become the biggest defining challenges of the 21st century.Climate change can lead to water shortages,desertification,land degradation,air pollution,rising sea levels,accelerated deforestation,and exacerbated economic pressures.Global urban growth greatly impacts changes in sociability,humanity,and the environment of the Earth.The human presence,especially in cities,seriously affects resource use and waste disposal,and they are consuming natural resources faster than the planet can sustain during urbanization,changing how people live.China,with a population of 1.3 billion,has seen tens of millions of people living in the countryside migrate to cities,especially megacities,since the 1980s.As a result of its decision to industrialize and urbanize to boost the economy,China has become the world’s second-largest consumer of energy.In recent years,China’s government has quickly recognized the lessons of“limits to growth”and has taken action by initiating the construction process in Dongtan,Shanghai,China.They are making efforts to build urban-rural integration communities to promote sustainable development.Based on a literature review focusing on Dongtan,research questions are raised according to the research objective:(1)What are the challenges of sustainable development in urban-rural integration?(2)What practices has Dongtan implemented for sustainable development,or how is sustainable development being applied to Dongtan?(3)What are the social,political,environmental,and economic concerns regarding the sustainable development of Dongtan?The sustainable urban-rural integration concerns the ecological,economic,environmental,and psychological aspects of urban-rural integration design and management.The overall objective is to promote sustainable development in economic,social,ecological,and spatial dimensions.It will be a liveable,complete community that makes economic,environmental,and social sense locally while also contributing to national and global sustainable development.It will serve as a compelling model for how to build sustainable urban-rural integration worldwide.

基于Division Mockup的卫星虚拟装配系统研究与开发

以虚拟装配软件Division Mockup为平台,提出了卫星虚拟装配系统的体系结构,并在Division Mockup软件下完成了卫星产品的装配过程规划。针对Division Mockup只偏重于装配过程图形仿真的特点,开发了后端的卫星装配工艺生成系统,并通过数据接口实现了和Division Mockup的集成,从而完成工序工步规划、工艺文档生成、装配现场示教等功能。最后给出了系统的应用实例。

基于Division Mockup装配仿真的实现方法

虚拟装配技术是CAD领域研究的关键技术之一。随着计算机软硬件技术的发展,虚拟装配在个人计算机上也能够实现。本文以大型面天线为例,介绍了在Division Mockup的软件环境下进行虚拟装配,并进行相应的干涉检验,截面分析等。

Effects of Tobacco Plastid Division Genes NtFtsZ1 and NtFtsZ2 on the Division and Morphology of Chloroplasts

As an important group of plant cellular organelles, the molecular mechanism of plastid division is poorly understood. Recent studies have revealed that the homologs of ftsZ gene, an essential prokaryotic cell division gene, are involved in plastid division process of plant cells. Antisense and sense expression constructions were employed to investigate the functions of the two ftsZ genes, NtFtsZ1 and NtFtsZ2, in transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L. plants. Although antisense expression of,NtFtsZs reduced the native protein level obviously, the size and number of chloroplasts in transgenic tobacco plants had no effect. In contrast, overexpression of NtFtsZs in transgenic plants strikingly changed the number and morphology of chloroplasts. Even only 1 - 2 huge chloroplasts could be seen in the mesophyll cells of some overexpression transgenic plants. Analyses of chloroplast ultrastructures and chlorophyll content of different transgenic plants suggested that NtFtsZs gene have no direct influence on the normal development and function of chloroplasts. ne changes in chloroplast morphology must be a compensation for the change in chloroplast number. The different phenotypes of chloroplasts in antisense and sense transgenic plants implied that different members from the same ftsZ gene family may have similar function in controlling plastid division. Meanwhile, the changes of chloroplast morphology in sense transgenic plants represented the possible plastoskeleton function of ftsZ in higher plant.

基于Division Mockup的分油机虚拟装配系统的研究

以Division Mockup软件为平台,进行了船用分油机的虚拟装配过程仿真。给出了虚拟装配系统的体系结构,介绍了不同CAD系统与Division Mockup软件之间的格式转换、交互式装配过程的进行,以及工艺文档生成等关键技术的研究。最终形成可进行装配验证和示教功能的分油机系统。

The Division Method of Winter Wheat Drought Risk Zones in Hebei-Shandong-Henan under Irrigation Conditions

The average rainfall in whole growth period of winter wheat to plus or minus several times of sample variance was used to define different grades of drought.The reduction rate of production in meteorological which was equal to or greater than the rate of 3% was taken as standards to define wheat drought disaster years.The average reduction ratio of production in the wheat drought years in Hebei-Shandong-Henan was calculated.The frequency distribution rule of wheat in different drought disaster strength of winter wheat in Hebei-Shandong-Henan was analyzed.According to the conception and calculation method of drought disaster risk index of winter wheat,the regional distribution law of drought disaster risk index of winter wheat was analyzed.The division technical methods of winter wheat drought disaster risk zones in Hebei-Shandong-Henan under the irrigated conditions were put forward.Taking the average reduction rate of production in drought years,drought disaster risk index and precipitation of winter wheat in growth periods as indices,using the statistical analysis and overlay function of GIS,the production reduction risk of winter wheat caused by drought disaster in winter wheat zones of Hebei-Shandong-Henan was divided and evaluated.The risk evaluation of production reduction of winter wheat in different risk zones under different climate conditions was realized.The disaster prevention and mitigation measures of winter wheat drought were given.

基于Division的军事电子装备虚拟现实技术

文章论述了虚拟现实技术在电子装备研制中的应用。首先介绍了VR的基本概念、国外的应用情况和软件Division的功能与模块;着重论述了在Division环境下开展电子装备研制的实现过程以及在雷达整机研制中VR的应用实践;总结了阶段性成果和下一阶段工作重点。

Conservation-minded Urban Green Space System Planning in the Urban-rural Integration

Environmental and ecological problems in the urban-rural integration were analyzed, characteristics of urban green space system introduced, such as excellent landscape eco-structure, distinctive historical and humanistic features, and diversified natural landscape resources, and also challenges pointed out. Evolution, overall spatial structure and conservation concept of conservation-minded urban green space system planning were elaborated, on the basis of which the evaluation system of conservation-minded urban green space system was studied, and it was proposed that mutual relationship between impact factors of compound value and qualitative evaluation factors should be taken into consideration as a whole in evaluating conservation effects of green space system. Quantitative evaluation indexes and qualitative evaluation measures were analyzed, an objective and precise evaluation system for the conservation-minded urban green space system was established by combining qualitative and quantitative analysis to improve ecological environment during the urbanization, and fully show planning concepts of conservation-minded green space system.

基于Division的TBM虚拟装配研究

讨论了盾构机虚拟装配系统的应用背景和实际需求,应用建模软件Pro/E及立体视觉驱动软件Division建立了基于虚拟现实技术的TBM虚拟装配系统,并探讨了这一技术路线的实现过程,以及在虚拟环境下的干涉检验等关键技术。实验结果表明,该系统在虚拟操作训练、虚拟施工等方面都有很好的应用前景。

Ground roll wave suppression based on wavelet frequency division and radial trace transform

Ground roll waves interfere with seismic data. The suppression of ground roll waves based on the division of wavelet frequencies considers the low-frequency characteristics of ground roll waves. However, this method will not be effective when the ground roll wave and the effective signal have the same frequency bands because of overlapping. The radial trace transform （RTT） considers the apparent velocity difference between the effective signal and the ground roll wave to suppress the latter, but affects the low-frequency components of the former. This study proposes a ground roll wave suppression method by combining the wavelet frequency division and the RTT based on the difference between the ground roll wave velocity and the effective signal and their energy difference in the wavelet domain, thus making full use of the advantages of both methods. First, we decompose the seismic data into different frequency bands through wavelet transform. Second, the RTT and low-cut filtering are applied to the low-frequency band, where the ground roll waves are appearing. Third, we reconstruct the seismic record without ground roll waves by using the inverse RTT and the remaining frequency bands. The proposed method not only improves the ground roll wave suppression, but also protects the signal integrity. The numerical simulation and real seismic data processing results suggest that the proposed method has a strong ability to denoise while preserving the amplitude.