Comparative Research on Prediction Model of China's Urban-rural Residents' Income Gap

By using the data concerning China's urban-rural residents' income gap from 1978 to 2010,this paper mainly researches the application of several kinds of models in predicting China's urban-rural residents' income gap.By conducting empirical analysis,we establish ARIMA prediction model,grey prediction model and quadratic-polynomial prediction model and conduct accuracy comparison.The results show that quadratic-polynomial prediction model has excellent fitting effect.By using quadratic-polynomial prediction model,this paper conducts prediction on trend of China's urban-rural residents' income gap from 2011 to 2013,and the prediction value of income gap of urban-rural residents in China from 2011 to 2013 is 14 173.20,15 212.92 and 16 289.67 yuan respectively.Finally,on the basis of analysis,corresponding countermeasures are put forward,in order to provide scientific basis for energy planning and policy formulation:first,strengthen government's function of public service,coordinate resources,and strive to provide an equal opportunity of development for social members,so as to promote people's welfare and promote social equality;second,breach industrial monopoly and bridge income gap between employees in monopoly industry and general industry;last but not the least,support,encourage and call for government to establish social relief fund,adjust residents' income distribution from the non-governmental perspective,and endeavor to promote the income level of low-income class.

The Income Gap among Rural Residents in Shaanxi Province,China

According to the analysis on the current status of the income gap among rural residents in Shaanxi Province,it is found out that the income of rural residents in Shaanxi Province of China is not only lower than the average income level of China,but also far lower than the income level of urban residents and the income level of rural residents in developed areas.The low income is mainly caused by the increasing income gap among income groups and the income gap among rural residents in different areas.Based on this,causations for the income gap among rural residents are analyzed from three aspects of the cultural difference,the regional economic difference,and the industrial structure difference.Countermeasures for narrowing the income gap and increasing the farmers' income in Shaanxi Province are put forward,such as vigorously developing the rural economy and speeding up the transfer of rural surplus labor forces in China.

The Approaches to Narrowing Urban-Rural Income Gap——From the Perspective of Rural Social Security

From the situations about the incomes and life quality of the urban and rural residents,the thesis briefly introduces the status quo of the urban-rural income gap and explores the impact of the income gap on social economy:firstly,it hampers economic development;secondly,it is detrimental to the social development.Then the thesis analyzes the role of a sound social security in narrowing urban-rural income gap:at first,it broadens the institutional environment of improving the agricultural efficiency;secondly,it eliminates the uncertainties influencing the farmers' income;thirdly,it improves the farmers' capacity to increase income;at last,it enhances the farmers' consciousness of wealth.Next the thesis inquires into the problems existing in the system of rural social security:the first problem is more obviously fragmented system;the second is inadequate security projects and narrower coverage;the third is an obvious lack of equality in urban and rural security;the fourth is even less sound management system;the last is the lagging of legislation.Afterwards the thesis proposes the countermeasures and suggestions to improve the system of rural social security and narrow urban-rural income gap:firstly,to integrate the social security system in rural areas;secondly,to perfect security projects and enhance the security system;thirdly,to integrate the administrative management of social security;at last,to enforce the legal system.

个人所得税调节居民收人分配功能的研究——以陕西城镇居民相关数据为样本

文章主要研究个人所得税对居民收入分配的调节功能。文章以陕西省2002—2010年城镇居民分层次的人均收入为样本数据,通过对由数据形成的图表以及计算得出的基尼系数进行分析,得出了个人所得税调节居民收入分配差距的功能弱化甚至是逆向调节的结论,同时还发现现行的个人所得税制度存在扣除标准不科学、征管水平不高等问题;在分析了这些问题的原因的基础上,提出了优化个人所得税制度的政策建议。

陕西城镇居民收入差距的演化研究:1992—2012——基于基尼系数的分解

应用基尼系数的代数算式和收入差距贡献率的计算方法,计算出陕西城镇居民各类收入的基尼系数和贡献率情况。计量结果表明,陕西城镇居民基尼系数总体上呈上升态势,2000—2012年的平均值为0.41,最高值达到0.47,远超国际警戒值。同时,在各类收入中,财产性收入差距处于极度悬殊状态,基尼系数最高值为0.79,经营性收入差距最小,基尼系数平均为0.25。在此基础上,提出在提高工资性收入的同时,可通过完善金融市场改革、丰富金融理财产品和拓宽融资渠道等途径丰富居民收入来源渠道的方式,提高中、低阶层收入水平以缩小陕西城镇居民的收入差距。

陕西省农村居民收入差距分析

通过对陕西省农村居民收入差距现状分析发现,陕西省农村居民收入不仅低于全国平均收入水平,更远远低于发达地区农村居民收入水平和城镇居民收入水平,在低收入的背后是各收入组、各地区间农村居民收入差距拉大的事实。在此基础上,从文化差异、地区经济差异和产业结构差异3个方面阐述了陕西省农村居明收入差距产生的原因,并提出了缩小收入差距,增加陕西农民收入的对策。

缩小陕西城乡居民收入差距过大的有效途径研究

城乡收入比是衡量城乡收入差距的一个重要指标,陕西城乡居民收入比2002年—2010年一直远高于全国水平,城乡居民收入差距过大。农村人口占陕西人口总数的多数,与城镇居民主要依靠政策性收入来源的相对固定性和单一性相比,农村居民收入来源更灵活多样,增收潜力可挖。农民人均纯收入增长速度近来超过城镇的事实,更进一步证实了农民增收在有效缩小城乡居民收入差距中的作用。必须通过发展特色农业,加快农业产业化,实现农村工业化;提高工业反哺农业的能力;实现农村劳动力有效转移等途径增加农民收入以缩小陕西城乡居民收入差距。

陕西省城乡居民收入差距的实证分析

以相关统计资料为基础,运用对比的方法分析了1980—2005年陕西省城乡居民收入差距的变动规律。

陕西城乡居民收入差距的影响因素及对策分析

改革开放以来,陕西城乡居民收入差距不断扩大,由此引发的社会矛盾和问题愈益突出,为了有效遏制这些矛盾和问题的进一步演进,必须缩小城乡居民的收入差距,为此,本文在阐明城乡居民收入差距的现状并剖析其影响因素的基础上,从农村居民增收的角度,提出了相应的解决对策。

陕西省城乡居民收入分配差距问题

自1999年国家提出加快西部开发政策以来，陕西作为西部大开发的领头羊，经济取得了较快发展，但在发展的同时城乡居民收入差距呈现不断拉大的趋势，这样的差距有可能会导致贫富差距的扩大，也会影响到社会经济的和谐发展。文章依据2000-2012年间陕西城乡收入差距的数据，分析了陕西城乡居民收入差距发展的阶段性和存在的必要性。