SNCR（selective non-catalytic reduction） using urea solution was used in a HG-410/9.8-YW15 boiler,whose combustion system included a pulverized-coal reburning system to control NOx production.Tests were carried out a...SNCR（selective non-catalytic reduction） using urea solution was used in a HG-410/9.8-YW15 boiler,whose combustion system included a pulverized-coal reburning system to control NOx production.Tests were carried out at the load of 280 t·h-1,345 t·h-1 and 410 t·h-1.The experimental results showed that NOx emission could be reduced under 200 mg·m-3（standard condition,6%O2,dry gas） with the SNCR system running.The increment of NSR（normalized stoichiometric ratio） resulted in an improvement of NOx reduction efficiency,but the improvement was weak when NSR was greater than 2.5.A greater NSR also resulted in more ammonia slip,especially when NSR was greater than 1.25.N2O emission reached the maximum as NSR was about 2.0.Ammonia slip increased and the existence time of the urea solution droplets decreased with increasing atomization steam pressure and the track distance of the droplets reached the maximum at an intermediate pressure.There was an optimal atomization steam pressure,which would result in the highest NOx reduction efficiency of SNCR.And there was another optimal pressure of atomization steam,about 0.3 MPa,which would result in the least N2O emission.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Nx stage one machine results can help to enhance the clinical efficiency and shortage concerning the use of home hemodialysis. Therefore, the study investigates effectiveness...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Nx stage one machine results can help to enhance the clinical efficiency and shortage concerning the use of home hemodialysis. Therefore, the study investigates effectiveness of Nx stage machine for intermittent conventional hemodialysis in hospital for inpatients and outpatients to replace conventional hemodialysis in stable chronic hemodialysis patients. <strong>Methods:</strong> Prospective observatory study was conducted in Nephrology Division, King Fahd General Hospital from April 1 to June 1 2018. Patients with ESRD, who were dependent on dialysis and maintained on regular hemodialysis were recruited. Fifty-two sessions of hemodialysis were performed. The patients were given intermittent dialysis using Nx stage one machine. Pre and Post dialysis investigations and body weight were taken, and patients were observed for any complications during or post-dialysis. <strong>Findings:</strong> The primary endpoint ultrafiltration with a goal to remove 1 - 4 kg was achieved without any technical difficulty. Secondary endpoint for potassium reduction levels was achieved with mean SD post-dialysis 3.53 ± 0.3, and the tertiary endpoint was achieved in a patient less than 50 kg weight with spKt/V above 1.2. It was difficult to achieve spKt/V in patients with weight more than 60 kg due to limitations in the duration of sessions or dialysate volume. Target spkT/V was achieved for patients with body weight less than 50 kg;however, it was not achieved among the patients with body weight more than 60 kg. <strong>Discussion:</strong> Nx stage one machine can replace conventional intermittent dialysis in terms of ultrafiltration and Potassium correction;however, further investigation is needed for urea clearance.展开更多
文摘SNCR（selective non-catalytic reduction） using urea solution was used in a HG-410/9.8-YW15 boiler,whose combustion system included a pulverized-coal reburning system to control NOx production.Tests were carried out at the load of 280 t·h-1,345 t·h-1 and 410 t·h-1.The experimental results showed that NOx emission could be reduced under 200 mg·m-3（standard condition,6%O2,dry gas） with the SNCR system running.The increment of NSR（normalized stoichiometric ratio） resulted in an improvement of NOx reduction efficiency,but the improvement was weak when NSR was greater than 2.5.A greater NSR also resulted in more ammonia slip,especially when NSR was greater than 1.25.N2O emission reached the maximum as NSR was about 2.0.Ammonia slip increased and the existence time of the urea solution droplets decreased with increasing atomization steam pressure and the track distance of the droplets reached the maximum at an intermediate pressure.There was an optimal atomization steam pressure,which would result in the highest NOx reduction efficiency of SNCR.And there was another optimal pressure of atomization steam,about 0.3 MPa,which would result in the least N2O emission.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Nx stage one machine results can help to enhance the clinical efficiency and shortage concerning the use of home hemodialysis. Therefore, the study investigates effectiveness of Nx stage machine for intermittent conventional hemodialysis in hospital for inpatients and outpatients to replace conventional hemodialysis in stable chronic hemodialysis patients. <strong>Methods:</strong> Prospective observatory study was conducted in Nephrology Division, King Fahd General Hospital from April 1 to June 1 2018. Patients with ESRD, who were dependent on dialysis and maintained on regular hemodialysis were recruited. Fifty-two sessions of hemodialysis were performed. The patients were given intermittent dialysis using Nx stage one machine. Pre and Post dialysis investigations and body weight were taken, and patients were observed for any complications during or post-dialysis. <strong>Findings:</strong> The primary endpoint ultrafiltration with a goal to remove 1 - 4 kg was achieved without any technical difficulty. Secondary endpoint for potassium reduction levels was achieved with mean SD post-dialysis 3.53 ± 0.3, and the tertiary endpoint was achieved in a patient less than 50 kg weight with spKt/V above 1.2. It was difficult to achieve spKt/V in patients with weight more than 60 kg due to limitations in the duration of sessions or dialysate volume. Target spkT/V was achieved for patients with body weight less than 50 kg;however, it was not achieved among the patients with body weight more than 60 kg. <strong>Discussion:</strong> Nx stage one machine can replace conventional intermittent dialysis in terms of ultrafiltration and Potassium correction;however, further investigation is needed for urea clearance.
