The correlation of urinary albumin excretion rate with renal function, inflammatory response and oxidative stress response in patients with diabetic nephropathy

Objective:To study the correlation of urinary albumin excretion rate with renal function, inflammatory response and oxidative stress response in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN).Methods: A total of 78 patients with DN treated in our hospital December 2012 and March 2016 were collected and divided into early diabetic nephropathy group (n=51) and middle-advanced diabetic nephropathy group (n=27) according to the DN grading standard;60 subjects with normal renal function who receiving physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as normal control group. Immediately after admission, the urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) of all groups were determined;automatic biochemical analyzer was used to determine renal function index levels, ELISA method was used to determine inflammatory factor levels, and RIA method was used to determine the oxidative stress index levels;Pearson test was used to analyze the correlation of UAER value with renal function, inflammatory response and oxidative stress response in patients with DN.Results:Differences in UAER value as well as renal function index, inflammatory response index and oxidative stress index levels were statistically significant among three groups of subjects. UAER value as well as BUN, Scr, CysC,β2-MG, IL-6, hs-CRP, TNF- , MDA and AOPP levels of early DN group and middle-advanced DN group were higher than those of normal control group while T-AOC and SOD levels were lower than those of normal control group;UAER value as well as BUN, Scr, CysC,β2-MG, IL-6, hs-CRP, TNF- , MDA and AOPP levels of middle-advanced DN group was higher than those of early DN group while T-AOC and SOD levels were lower than those of early DN group;UAER value in patients with DN was correlated with renal function, inflammatory response and oxidative stress.Conclusion:UAER value can directly reflect the renal injury, inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with DN, and be the reliable means for early disease diagnosis and treatment guidance.

Urinary albumin excretion rate is correlated with severity of coronary artery disease in elderly type 2 diabetic patients

Background Coronary heart disease is the main complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus; its incidence is closely related to microalbuminuria. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the urinary albumin excretion rate and the incidence and severity of coronary heart disease in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods A total of 612 hospitalized type 2 diabetes mellitus patients aged 60 years or older, who were given coronary angiography for diagnosis of possible coronary heart disease, participated. Their urinary albumin excretion rate was measured, and the severity of coronary artery stenosis was quantified with the Gensini scoring system to analyze the incidence of coronary heart disease and the severity of coronary artery stenosis. The optimal urinary albumin excretion rate predictive value for coronary heart disease incidence in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients was determined. Results The incidence of coronary heart disease, the number of patients with coronary vascular disease and the Gensini scores were significantly different between the microalbuminuria group and the normal atbuminuria group （P 〈0.05）. The urinary albumin excretion rate was independently correlated with the occurrence of coronary heart disease in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients （odds ratio （OR） =1.058, P 〈0.0001,95% confidence interval （CI）： 1.036-1.080）. Urinary albumin excretion rate and the Gensini score were independently correlated in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients （β=0.476, P 〈0.0001）. The best predictive value of urinary albumin excretion rate was 10.45 tJg/min for elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The area under the curve was 0.764, with a sensitivity and specificity of 70.0% and 72.2%, respectively. Conclusions The occurrence of coronary heart disease in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with microalbuminuria was higher than that in patients with normal albuminuria, and the severity of the disease also increased in patients with microalbuminuria. In elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, urinary albumin excretion rate was positively correlated with the incidence and severity of coronary heart disease and was also an independent factor contributing to coronary heart disease.

Negative association of time in range and urinary albumin excretion rate in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus:a retrospective study of inpatients

Background:Time in range(TIR)refers to the time an individual spends within their target glucose range,which now has been popularized as an important metric to classify glycemic management and also recognized as an important outcome of current diabetes therapies.This study aimed to investigate the association between TIR and the severity of the urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the data of 1014 inpatients with T2DM at the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Peking University International Hospital,China.TIR was defined as the percentage of blood glucose within the target range of 3.90-10.00 mmol/L.Urine samples for assessment of UAER were collected for 3 consecutive days from the start of hospitalization.Results:The TIR values for patients with normal urine levels of albumin,microalbuminuria,and macroalbuminuria were 70%±20%,50%±20%,and 30%±20%,respectively(allP<0.001).The patients were stratified according to quartiles of TIR as follows:quartile(Q)1,<55%;Q2,55%-72%;Q3,73%-83%;and Q4,>83%.The incidences of microalbuminuria in Q1,Q2,Q3,and Q4 were 41.1%,21.6%,7.1%,and 5.5%(allP<0.001),respectively.The respective incidences of macroalbuminuria were 24.2%,1.1%,1.4%,and 0%(allP<0.001).In multinomial logistic regression analyses,TIR was significantly correlated with microalbuminuria(odds ratio[OR]0.58,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.52-0.65,P<0.001)and macroalbuminuria(OR 0.26,95%CI:0.18-0.38,P<0.001)after adjusting for age,sex,body mass index,diabetes duration,systolic blood pressure,and levels of triglycerides,glycosylated hemoglobin A1c,and creatinine.Conclusion:The proportion of blood glucose in TIR is closely related to the severity of UAER in patients with T2DM.

Relationship between urinary nephrin and urinary albumin changes in diabetic rats and effects of Yiqiyangyinhuayutongluo Recipe

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the dynamic changes of urinary nephrin,and the relationship between it and urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER) in a diabetic rat model,as well the effects of yiqiyangyinhuayutongluo recipe.METHODS:Diabetic model was induced by high fat diet combined with low-dose Streptozotocin(STZ) in rats.Normal group(NG),model group(MG),and yiqiyangyinhuayutongluo recipe treated group(YHTG) were set.Gastrointestinal Yiqiyangyinhuayutongluo recipe was administered once daily for 32 w.At the end of the 2nd w(2w),8w,16w,and 32w,fasting blood glucose(FBG),UAER and 24h urinary nephrin(U-nephrin) were detected.RESULTS:Compared with NG,FBG in MG increased notably(P<0.05).Compared with MG,FBG of YHTG reduced slowly,and the difference was significant(P<0.05) since 16w.U-nephrin and UAER in MG increased significantly from 2w,peaked at 16w,lessened in different degree at 32w,but were still higher than NG.The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between U-nephrin and UAER at different time,the correlation coefficient as r>0.9,and P<0.05.Compared with MG,U-nephrin and UAER in YHTG decreased markedly(P<0.05) except for U-nephrin at 8w.CONCLUSIONS:U-nephrin and UAER in diabetic rat model have a positive linear correlation.Yiqiyangyinhuayutongluo recipe can reduce UAER markedly,and preventing the lose of nephrin in urine maybe one of the mechanisms.

Value of elastography point quantification in improving the diagnostic accuracy of early diabetic kidney disease

BACKGROUND Diabetic kidney disease(DKD)is a common complication of diabetes.The patient’s prognosis is poor once DKD progresses to advanced stage.Accurate diagnosis and timely treatment of early DKD are important for improving patient’s prognosis and reducing mortality.AIM To explore the value of elastography point quantification(ElastPQ)in improving the accuracy of early DKD diagnosis.METHODS A total of 69 patients with type 2 diabetes were recruited from Naval Military Medical University Affiliated Gongli Hospital.Patients were divided into early DKD group and medium DKD group according to pathological results and urinary albumin excretion rate(UAER).Another 40 patients with simple diabetes were included as the diabetes group.The baseline data,laboratory diagnostic indicators,and ultrasound indicators for each patient were recorded.The differences of the indicators in the three groups were compared.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of the development from simple diabetes into early DKD and from early DKD into medium DKD.Receiver operating characteristic analyses of potential indicators in identifying early DKD and medium DKD,and early DKD and simple diabetes were established.RESULTS Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that UAER(P<0.001),renocortical Young's Modulus(YM)(P<0.001),and renal parenchymal thickness(P=0.013)were the independent influencing factors of the development from early DKD into medium DKD.Diabetes duration(P=0.041),UAER(P=0.034),and renocortical YM(P=0.017)were the independent influencing factors of the development from simple diabetes into early DKD.Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that UAER,renocortical YM,and renal parenchymal thickness were accurate in identifying early DKD and medium DKD[all area under curve(AUC)>0.9].The accuracy of UAER(AUC=0.744),diabetes duration(AUC=0.757),and renocortical YM(AUC=0.782)for the diagnosis of early DKD and simple diabetes were limited.However,the combined diagnosis of UAER,diabetes duration,and renocortical YM was accurate in identifying early DKD and simple diabetes(AUC=0.906),which was significantly higher than any of the three indicators(all P<0.05).CONCLUSION ElastPQ is of great value in the diagnosis of early DKD.When combined with the diabetes duration and UAER,it is expected to diagnose accurately early DKD.

老年糖尿病患者血清Apelin水平与尿白蛋白排泄率相关性分析

目的探讨老年糖尿病患者血清Apelin水平与尿白蛋白排泄率的相关性，为老年糖尿病肾病的预治提供临床依据。方法59例年龄在65岁以上的糖尿病患者和30例同年龄段健康对照者，采用酶联免疫吸附法测定空腹血清Apelin含量，同时检测空腹血糖及24小时尿白蛋白排泄率（UAER），分析其相关性。结果59例糖尿病患者血清Apelin值为473±64．34，UAER为87．34±44．32，两者呈在非常显著的正相关（r=0．384，P〈0．01）。而对照组两指标无相关性。同时糖尿病组和对照组的血清Apelin水平与血糖值之间也无明显相关性。结论老年糖尿病患者血清apelin升高与UAER密切相关，提示血清Apelin水平可能是糖尿病肾病发生的因素之一。

不同尿白蛋白排泄率2型糖尿病患者血清chemerin、IL-6及TNF-α的表达及意义

目的探讨不同尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者血清趋化素(chemerin)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)水平的表达及临床意义。方法选取收治的T2DM患者160例作为研究组,按照UAER水平分为单纯T2DM组(n=65)、微量白蛋白尿组(n=57)和大量白蛋白尿组(n=38)。另外,选择同期体检中心的健康志愿者72例作为对照组。对比T2DM患者与健康志愿者血清炎性因子水平,同时比较不同UAER的T2DM患者血清炎性因子水平,分析T2DM患者血清炎性因子与UAER的相关性,并分析影响UAER的相关因素。结果研究组和对照组受试者的收缩压(SBP)、空腹血糖(FBG)、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)及UAER之间的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组患者血清中chemerin、IL-6及TNF-α水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);随着UAER值的升高,T2DM患者血清炎性因子水平明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);T2DM患者血清chemerin、IL-6及TNF-α水平与UAER水平均呈正相关(P<0.05);Scr、chemerin、IL-6及TNF-α均是UAER的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论血清chemerin、IL-6及TNF-α均参与T2DM的发生及发展过程,能够在一定程度上反映患者病情的严重程度。

miR-150-5p、miR-135b在糖尿病肾病患者中的表达及意义

目的探讨外周血miR-150-5p、miR-135b水平与糖尿病肾病(DN)患者尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)、预后的关系。方法采用前瞻性研究方法,选取2019年1月至2021年10月延安大学附属医院收治的85例DN患者作为DN组[男46例,女39例,年龄(46.28±4.41)岁,2型糖尿病(T2DM)病程(7.24±2.31)年],另纳入76例单纯T2DM患者作为T2DM组[男40例,女36例,年龄(44.95±6.13)岁,T2DM病程(6.98±3.28)年],80例健康体检者作为对照组[男43例,女37例,年龄(45.74±5.68)岁]。收集3组患者临床资料及外周血miR-150-5p、miR-135b水平,Spearman分析各指标与UAER相关性,绘制受试者操作特征曲线(ROC)及曲线下面积(AUC),分析各指标预后的预测效能,采用相对危险度(RR)及95%置信区间(CI)分析各指标对预后的影响。结果DN组外周血miR-150-5p、miR-135b水平>T2DM组>对照组[(3.36±0.68)比(1.03±0.62)比(0.78±0.21)、(3.96±0.51)比(1.24±0.48)比(0.66±0.12)],差异均有统计学意义(F=560.11、1519.26,均P<0.05);DN组UAER>300 mg/24 h患者外周血miR-150-5p、miR-135b水平>UAER 30~300 mg/24 h患者>UAER<30 mg/24 h患者[(4.10±0.92)比(3.42±0.64)比(2.73±0.51)、(5.40±0.87)比(3.87±0.61)比(3.02±0.49)],差异均有统计学意义(F=23.53、78.25,均P<0.05);DN患者外周血miR-150-5p、miR-135b水平与UREA呈正相关(r=0.783、0.835,均P<0.05);随访12个月,15例发生终末期肾病(ESRD),发生ESRD患者外周血miR-150-5p、miR-135b水平均高于未发生ESRD患者[(4.41±0.55)比(3.14±0.38)、(4.67±0.61)比(3.81±0.42)],差异均有统计学意义(t=10.67、6.53,均P<0.05);外周血miR-150-5p、miR-135b、联合预测DN并发ESRD的AUC分别为0.733、0.829、0.944。外周血miR-150-5p、miR-135b高水平患者并发ESRD的RR分别为低水平的3.619倍、10.889倍,其95%CI分别为1.105~11.856、1.503~78.872。结论外周血miR-150-5p、miR-135b水平与DN患者UAER呈正相关,联合检测可作为预测DN并发ESRD的重要辅助手段,为临床诊治提供可靠数据支持。

高血压早期肾损害诊断指标的筛选

目的:筛选高血压早期肾损害的诊断指标。方法:搜集2020年1月至2023年2月河南省人民医院内科病房收治的高血压患者,选取高血压早期肾损害[30 mg/24 h≤尿白蛋白排泄率(uAER)<300 mg/24 h]患者51例(肾损害组),以及单纯高血压患者51例(对照组)。比较两组患者血清尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(SCr)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)、视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)、胱抑素C(CysC)、尿微量白蛋白(umALB)、微量白蛋白/肌酐比值(uACR)、α1微球蛋白(uα1MG)、β2微球蛋白(uβ2MG)、N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶(uNAG)及转铁蛋白(uTF)水平的差异。绘制ROC曲线,比较上述指标对高血压早期肾损害的诊断效能。结果:肾损害组患者血清BUN、SCr、HCY、RBP、CysC水平及umALB、uAER、uACR、uα1MG、uβ2MG、uNAG、uTF水平均高于对照组(P均<0.05)。ROC曲线AUC>0.9的指标从高到低分别为uACR>CysC>uα1MG>uβ2MG>umALB>RBP,其中CysC+uACR联合诊断的效能和敏感度最高[AUC(95%CI)为0.994(0.954~1.000),敏感度为1.000]。结论:CysC+uACR为高血压患者早期肾损害的高效诊断指标。

辨体质电子灸配合穴位按摩治疗小儿厌食症的疗效观察

目的 观察辨体质电子灸配合穴位按摩治疗小儿厌食症的临床疗效及其对唾液淀粉酶活性及尿D-木糖排泄率的影响。方法 将60例小儿厌食症患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组30例。对照组采用口服葡萄糖酸锌口服液治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上予辨体质电子灸配合穴位按摩治疗。观察两组治疗前后各项厌食症状积分(主要症状积分、次要症状积分和总积分)、唾液淀粉酶活性及尿D-木糖排泄率的变化情况,并比较两组临床疗效。结果 两组治疗后各项厌食症状积分较同组治疗前均显著降低,尿D-木糖排泄率和唾液淀粉酶活性均显著升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组治疗后各项厌食症状积分均明显低于对照组,尿D-木糖排泄率和唾液淀粉酶活性明显高于对照组,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组总有效率96.6%,明显高于对照组的66.7%(P<0.05)。结论 辨体质电子灸配合穴位按摩治疗小儿厌食症疗效确切,能显著升高淀粉酶活性及尿D-木糖排泄率。

糖尿病肾病患者应用二甲双胍联合胰岛素强化治疗的效果分析

目的探究二甲双胍联合胰岛素强化治疗在糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)患者中的应用效果。方法回顾性选取2022年2月—2024年2月南方医科大学南方医院白云分院收治的120例DN患者的临床资料,根据不同治疗方法分为对照组和研究组,各60例。对照组采用二甲双胍治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上采用甘精胰岛素联合门冬胰岛素强化治疗。比较两组临床疗效、肾功能指标、糖代谢指标。结果研究组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组尿素氮、肌酐、尿白蛋白排泄率、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论DN患者应用二甲双胍联合胰岛素强化治疗的临床疗效显著,可改善患者的肾功能及糖代谢指标。

2型糖尿病微量白蛋白尿的临床诊断意义

目的研究2型糖尿病微量白蛋白尿(MAU)的临床诊断意义。方法将182例2型糖尿病患者分为正常白蛋白尿组[NAU组,79例,3次24 h尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)均<30 mg]和MAU组(103例,3次24 h UAER均为30～300 mg)组,另设对照(C组,健康成年人42名)组,分析其临床和生化特征,测定UAER、尿Ⅳ型胶原排出率(UCER)和尿单核细胞趋化蛋白-1排出率(UMCP-1)。结果MAU组的UCER和UMCP-1水平均显著高于C组和NAU组(P值均<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析显示,UCER与UAER(r= 0.325)、糖尿病病程(r=0.287)、舒张压(r=0.266)、尿素氮(r=0.312)均呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。UMCP-1与体质指数(r=0.251)、收缩压(r=0.253)、UAER(r=0.423)、UCER(r=0.287)均呈正相关(P值均<0.05),而与胆固醇(r=-0.321)、低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(r=-0.260)呈负相关(P值均<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示,UAER与UCER呈独立正相关(β=0.478,P=0.007),UMCP-1与UAER呈独立正相关(β=0.427,P=0.017)。UAER与UCER(β=2.231)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP,β=2.356)、颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT,β= 1.524)、UMCP-1(β=0.367)和稳态模型胰岛来抵抗指数(HOMA-IR,β=0.483)呈独立正相关(P值均<0.05)。以UCER、UMCP-1、hs-CRP、颈动脉IMT和HOMA-IR等变量作MAU逐步判别分析,UCER(x_1)、hs-CRP(x_2)和颈动脉IMT(x_3)作为有显著意义的指标进入判别方程(函数)式,UMCP-1和HOMA-IR因无显著意义而被剔除,从而得到一组判别式:y_1=-108.536+1.422 x_1+3.169 x_2+168.928 x_3;y_2=-71.513+ 1.226 x_1+2.912 x_2+132.321 x_3;y_3=-112.333+1.366 x_1+3.327 x_2+174.271 x_3;y_4=-65.053+ 1.047 x_1+2.431 x_2+131.842 x_3。结论合并MAU的2型糖尿病患者的UCER和UMCP-1水平显著升高,建立的判别方程式对大血管病变和微血管病变有一定的判别意义。

糖尿病肾病患者尿白蛋白排泄率与肾功能、炎症反应、氧化应激反应的相关性

目的:探讨糖尿病肾病(DN)患者尿白蛋白排泄率与肾功能、炎症反应、氧化应激反应的相关性。方法:收集本院收治的DN患者78例,根据DN分级标准分为早期糖尿病肾病组51例、中晚期糖尿病肾病组27例;另取同期在本院进行体检的肾功能正常者60例作为正常对照组。入院即刻,测定各组研究对象的尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER);采用全自动生化分析仪测定肾功能指标含量,采用ELISA法测定炎症因子含量,采用放射免疫法测定氧化应激指标含量;采用Pearson检验分析DN患者UAER值与肾功能、炎症反应、氧化应激反应的相关性。结果:三组研究对象的UAER值,肾功能指标、炎症反应指标、氧化应激指标含量差异有统计学意义。早期DN组、中晚期DN组的UAER值以及BUN、Scr、CysC、β2-MG、IL-6、hs-CRP、TNF-α、MDA、AOPP含量高于正常对照组,T-AOC、SOD含量低于正常对照组;中晚期DN组的UAER值以及BUN、Scr、CysC、β2-MG、IL-6、hs-CRP、TNF-α、MDA、AOPP含量高于早期DN组,T-AOC、SOD含量低于早期DN组;DN患者的UAER值与肾功能、炎症反应、氧化应激呈相关关系(P<0.05)。结论:UAER值可直观反映DN患者的肾功能损伤、炎症反应及氧化应激程度,作为疾病早期诊断、治疗指导的可靠手段。

百令胶囊联合贝那普利对早期糖尿病肾病患者尿白蛋白排泄率及C反应蛋白的影响

目的观察百令胶囊联合贝那普利对糖尿病患者尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)及C反应蛋白(CRP)水平的影响,探讨其对早期糖尿病肾病的保护作用。方法60例2型早期糖尿病肾病患者,随机分为对照组(贝那普利组)、治疗组(百令胶囊联合贝那普利组),经16周治疗后,观察UAER和CRP水平的变化,评价百令胶囊联合贝那普利的肾脏保护作用。结果对照组治疗前24 h尿蛋白、UAER及CRP分别为(0.85±0.32)g/24 h,(83.34±38.27)μg/min,(2.67±1.72)mg/L,治疗后分别为:(0.43±0.17)g/24 h,(71.22±31.12)μg/min,(1.05±0.78)mg/L,治疗组治疗前分别为:(0.87±0.31)g/24 h,(81.59±35.69)μg/min,(2.55±1.66)mg/L,治疗后分别为:(0.25±0.29)g/24 h,(57.32±31.11)μg/min,(0.49±0.38)mg/L;两组治疗后24 h尿蛋白、UAER、CRP均降低,与本组治疗前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01),治疗组较对照组降低更显著(P<0.01)。两组治疗后血清肌酐(SCr)、空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)较治疗前略有下降,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论百令胶囊联合贝那普利明显降低早期糖尿病肾病患者UAER及CRP的水平,使肾脏损伤程度减低,较单用贝那普利作用明显。

伟素治疗微量白蛋白尿期糖尿病肾病的疗效

目的探讨伟素对微量白蛋白尿期糖尿病肾病的疗效。方法纳入年龄43～70岁,糖尿病病程6个月～30年,24h尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)30～300mg的60例。微量白蛋白尿期糖尿病肾病(DN)患者60例,采用计算机随机分组方法将患者等分为3组:常规治疗组只予常规降糖治疗12周;氯沙坦钾组在常规降糖治疗同时每日晨口服氯沙坦钾50mg,12周;伟素组在常规降糖治疗的同时给予伟素600LSU,qd,iv或im治疗4周,再以250 LSU bid,po序贯治疗8周。所检测指标包括尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(Cr)等。结果常规治疗组UAER在治疗前后差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。而氯沙坦钾组和伟素组两组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),治疗3个月后氯沙坦钾组UAER下降34.04%,伟素组下降33.62%。治疗后两组UAER与常规组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),但两组间同期比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论伟素能够减少微量白蛋白尿期糖尿病肾病患者的尿白蛋白排泄率;与氯沙坦钾的疗效相当。

替米沙坦对早期糖尿病肾病患者血浆同型半胱氨酸及颈动脉内膜中层厚度的影响

目的观察替米沙坦对早期糖尿病肾病(DN)患者临床血生化指标及血浆同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)的影响。方法将60例血压正常的早期2型DN患者按随机数字表法分为替米沙坦组和常规治疗组,各30例。两组均给予常规治疗,替米沙坦组另给予替米沙坦40 mg/d,疗程为24周。比较两组治疗前和治疗24周后尿清蛋白排泄率(UAER)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血脂、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、血浆Hcy水平及颈动脉IMT的变化。结果治疗后,替米沙坦组较常规治疗组UAER〔(61±26)mg/L与(98±38)mg/L〕、HO-MA-IR〔(3.17±0.66)与(3.60±0.87)〕、血浆Hcy水平〔(11.7±2.9)μmol/L与(14.4±2.8)μmol/L〕显著下降(P<0.05);替米沙坦组治疗后较治疗前颈动脉IMT〔(0.88±0.20)mm与(0.99±0.24)mm〕显著降低(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,UAER与Hcy(β=0.383,P<0.01)、病程(β=0.340,P<0.01)、颈动脉IMT(β=0.224,P<0.01)及HOMA-IR(β=0.201,P<0.01)呈线性回归关系。结论替米沙坦能改善早期DN患者胰岛素抵抗,降低血浆Hcy水平及颈动脉IMT,减少UAER,具有独立于降压之外的肾脏保护作用,并能延缓动脉粥样硬化进展。

早期糖尿病肾病尿蛋白排泄率相关因素及中医证型分析

目的探讨早期糖尿病肾病(diabetic nephropathy,DN)尿蛋白排泄率(urinary albumin excretionrate,UAER)与亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶(MTHFR)的C677T突变、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、叶酸、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1 c)、血糖、血脂及中医证型的关系。方法检测63例早期DN患者MTHFR基因的677碱基多态性情况,测定血浆Hcy、叶酸、空腹血糖、餐后血糖、HbA1 c、UAER及血脂,并记录患者的中医辨证证型。结果 63例早期糖尿病肾病患者中17例辨证为阴虚热盛、24例辨证为气阴两虚、22例辨证为阴阳两虚,其中35例兼血瘀证。63例患者MTHFR基因的677碱基多态性情况:CC型19例,TT型17例,CT型27例。兼血瘀证的患者具有更高的UAER水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同基因型的UAER差异无统计学意义,不同基因型组间两两比较差异也无统计学意义(P>0.05)。UAER与Hcy的水平具有线性回归关系,为正相关(r=0.674,P<0.05),具有统计学意义,与叶酸、血糖、HbA1 c等其他因素相关性无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论阴虚热盛、气阴两虚、阴阳两虚组间UAER比较差异无统计学意义,兼血瘀证的患者具有更高的UAER水平。UAER与Hcy的水平具有线性回归关系,为正相关。

度拉糖肽联合达格列净对早期糖尿病肾病尿蛋白排泄率及血清炎性因子的影响

目的观察度拉糖肽联合达格列净对早期糖尿病肾病尿蛋白排泄率及血清炎性因子的影响。方法选取2021年1—10月山西省大同市第五人民医院内分泌科诊治早期糖尿病肾病患者120例,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各60例。对照组患者给予达格列净治疗,观察组患者在对照组的基础上加用度拉糖肽治疗。比较2组患者治疗前后肾功能[肾小球滤过率(GFR)、尿素氮(BUN)、尿酸(UA)及尿蛋白排泄率]、炎性因子水平[转化生长因子-β_(1)(TGF-β_(1))、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]、血糖水平[餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA_(1c))]、血脂水平[总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)及高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)],以及不良反应发生率。结果与治疗前比较,治疗后2组BUN、UA、尿蛋白排泄率均降低,GFR均升高,且观察组改善优于对照组(t=6.215、20.742、8.955、12.431,P均<0.001);治疗后2组血清TGF-β_(1)、IL-6、TNF-α均降低,且观察组低于对照组(t=12.139、18.351、13.889,P均<0.001);治疗后2组餐后2 h血糖、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平均降低,且观察组低于对照组(t=6.835、8.849、5.425,P均<0.001);治疗后2组血清TC、TG、LDL-C均降低,观察组HDL-C升高,且观察组改善优于对照组(t=4.225、15.746、4.243、4.121,P均<0.001);2组患者不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在达格列净治疗的基础上增加度拉糖肽,能有效减轻早期糖尿病肾病患者炎性反应,改善患者肾功能,调节血糖、血脂,且安全有效。

糖尿病肾病患者踝臂指数与尿蛋白排泄率及炎症因子的相关性

目的:对2型糖尿病肾病患者尿白蛋白排泄率(UAER)、炎症因子与踝臂指数(ABI)的相关性进行初步探讨。方法:93例糖尿病肾病患者根据UAER分为早期糖尿病肾病组(DN1组,43例)及临床糖尿病肾病组(DN2组,50例),搜集相关临床资料,检测患者HbAlc、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、UA、CRP、IL-6及UAER,并用多普勒测定ABI。结果:DN2组糖尿病病程较长(t=4.638,P<0.001),高血压发病率、LDL-C、HbAlc、UA、IL-6、UAER、CRP水平较高(χ2/t=4.854、3.317、6.609、2.120和3.576、10.580、2.790,P均<0.05),HDL-C、ABI水平较低(t=3.483和3.588,P均=0.001);ABI与患者年龄、糖尿病病程、IL-6、UAER、HbAlc、LDL-C、UA具有相关性(r=-0.352、-0.334、-0.299和-0.376,-0.523、-0.505、-0.419,P均<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析结果显示HbAlc、IL-6是ABI的影响因素(β=-0.278和-1.518,P均<0.05),而糖尿病病程、IL-6、ABI是UAER的影响因素(β=0.605、0.801和-2.445,P均<0.05)。结论:糖尿病肾病患者微炎症状态进行性加重,微炎症状态可能是其肾病及周围血管病变进展的共同作用机制之一。

HPLC法研究灯盏细辛注射液对水杨酸排泄的影响

近年来，阿司匹林抗血小板聚集活性逐渐成为其临床主要应用领域，是心血管疾病方面一线药物。临床上，阿司匹林常与灯盏细辛注射液（DI）、脉络宁注射液等中药制剂合用，用于治疗心脑血管疾病，并取得了良好的疗效。