Many Task Computing(MTC)is a new class of computing paradigm in which the aggregate number of tasks,quantity of computing,and volumes of data may be extremely large.With the advent of Cloud computing and big data era,...Many Task Computing(MTC)is a new class of computing paradigm in which the aggregate number of tasks,quantity of computing,and volumes of data may be extremely large.With the advent of Cloud computing and big data era,scheduling and executing large-scale computing tasks efficiently and allocating resources to tasks reasonably are becoming a quite challenging problem.To improve both task execution and resource utilization efficiency,we present a task scheduling algorithm with resource attribute selection,which can select the optimal node to execute a task according to its resource requirements and the fitness between the resource node and the task.Experiment results show that there is significant improvement in execution throughput and resource utilization compared with the other three algorithms and four scheduling frameworks.In the scheduling algorithm comparison,the throughput is 77%higher than Min-Min algorithm and the resource utilization can reach 91%.In the scheduling framework comparison,the throughput(with work-stealing)is at least 30%higher than the other frameworks and the resource utilization reaches 94%.The scheduling algorithm can make a good model for practical MTC applications.展开更多
Attribution theories are well established in the field of social psychology.However,the transfer to the context of human resource management is still developing.Only recently,the understanding of the importance of psy...Attribution theories are well established in the field of social psychology.However,the transfer to the context of human resource management is still developing.Only recently,the understanding of the importance of psychological insights in this field has begun to grow.The research takes a closer look on the way individuals locate the causes of their actions.It can potentially influence important decisions in the context of human resource management.This article sheds light on the theoretical foundations,causes,and effects.展开更多
The design and applications of a land information system built upon ARC/INFO and ArcView are presented.The proposed system not only maintains all the advantages of the more conventional implemen-tations but also enhan...The design and applications of a land information system built upon ARC/INFO and ArcView are presented.The proposed system not only maintains all the advantages of the more conventional implemen-tations but also enhances them in the following ways:1)the application program interfaces(API)are used to transmit data and messages among different parts of the system;2)the integrated system can support studies on land evaluations and ecological analyses by efficient management of attribute and spatial data and 3)correspondingly,spatial records and attributive records are linked by the same identifiers(ID).A case study application in Zigui County of the Three Gorgas Area in China demonstrates that the system could employ land-use maps and land property data to predicate and analyze the land utilization changes in the past,present and future.The ecological environment analysis can be carried out with the data of land,economics and terrain map used,showing that the system can be widely applied,especially to survey land and environment resources in the countryside area.展开更多
To address the challenges posed by resource shortage or surplus to enterprises productivity,Internet platforms have been widely used,which can balance shortage and surplus in broader environments. However,the existing...To address the challenges posed by resource shortage or surplus to enterprises productivity,Internet platforms have been widely used,which can balance shortage and surplus in broader environments. However,the existing resource management models lack openness,sharing ability and scalability,which make it difficult for many heterogeneous resources to co-exist in the same system. It is also difficult to resolve the conflicts between distributed self-management and centralized scheduling in the system. This paper analyzes the characteristics of resources in the distributed environment and proposes a new resource management architecture by considering the resource aggregation capacity of cloud computing. The architecture includes a universal resource scheduling optimization model which has been applied successfully in double-district multi-ship-scheduling multi-container-yard empty containers transporting of international shipping logistics. Applications in all these domains prove that this new resource management architecture is feasible and can achieve the expected effect.展开更多
Water resource allocation was defined as an input-output question in this paper, and a preliminary input-output index system was set up. Then GEM （group eigenvalue method）-MAUE （multi-attribute utility theory） mod...Water resource allocation was defined as an input-output question in this paper, and a preliminary input-output index system was set up. Then GEM （group eigenvalue method）-MAUE （multi-attribute utility theory） model was applied to evaluate relative efficiency of water resource allocation plans. This model determined weights of indicators by GEM, and assessed the allocation schemes by MAUE. Compared with DEA （Data Envelopment Analysis） or ANN （Artificial Neural Networks）, the mode was more applicable in some cases where decision-makers had preference for certain indicators展开更多
为分析松花江流域水资源的演变规律,基于寒区水-热-氮素循环模型(the water and energy transfer processes and nitrogen cycle processes model in cold regions,WEP-N)和水资源评价方法,对径流发生突变的1998年前后(即1999—2018年和...为分析松花江流域水资源的演变规律,基于寒区水-热-氮素循环模型(the water and energy transfer processes and nitrogen cycle processes model in cold regions,WEP-N)和水资源评价方法,对径流发生突变的1998年前后(即1999—2018年和1956—1998年)进行比较,松花江流域年水资源总量减少217.0亿m^(3),减幅达到22.2%。其中,地表水资源量减少是水资源总量减少的主要组分,占水资源总量减少的比例为96.9%,不重复地下水资源减少量占3.1%。基于多因子归因分析方法分析可知,气候变化是松花江流域水资源减少的主要因素,对松花江流域全年水资源总量、地表水资源量、不重复地下水资源量减少的贡献率分别为81.6%、74.9%、286.6%,取用水的贡献率分别为18.4%、25.1%、-86.6%。从年内不同时期分析可知,非冻融期是全年水资源量减少的主要时期,占全年水资源总量减少的82.6%,冻融期占17.4%。和北方的海河流域、黄河流域相比,水资源减少幅度和主要影响因素各不相同,主要取决于气候变化和人类活动强度变化幅度的不同。与位于华北和西北的两大流域海河流域和黄河流域对比,气候变化对松花江流域水资源衰减的影响与海河流域相当,明显大于黄河流域,而人类活动对松花江流域水资源衰减的影响明显小于两大流域。展开更多
基金ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to thank the reviewers for their detailed reviews and constructive comments, which have helped improve the quality of this paper. The research has been partly supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China No. 61272528 and No. 61034005, and the Central University Fund （ID-ZYGX2013J073）.
文摘Many Task Computing(MTC)is a new class of computing paradigm in which the aggregate number of tasks,quantity of computing,and volumes of data may be extremely large.With the advent of Cloud computing and big data era,scheduling and executing large-scale computing tasks efficiently and allocating resources to tasks reasonably are becoming a quite challenging problem.To improve both task execution and resource utilization efficiency,we present a task scheduling algorithm with resource attribute selection,which can select the optimal node to execute a task according to its resource requirements and the fitness between the resource node and the task.Experiment results show that there is significant improvement in execution throughput and resource utilization compared with the other three algorithms and four scheduling frameworks.In the scheduling algorithm comparison,the throughput is 77%higher than Min-Min algorithm and the resource utilization can reach 91%.In the scheduling framework comparison,the throughput(with work-stealing)is at least 30%higher than the other frameworks and the resource utilization reaches 94%.The scheduling algorithm can make a good model for practical MTC applications.
文摘Attribution theories are well established in the field of social psychology.However,the transfer to the context of human resource management is still developing.Only recently,the understanding of the importance of psychological insights in this field has begun to grow.The research takes a closer look on the way individuals locate the causes of their actions.It can potentially influence important decisions in the context of human resource management.This article sheds light on the theoretical foundations,causes,and effects.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 49801010) the Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. KZ951-A1-202-02-01).
文摘The design and applications of a land information system built upon ARC/INFO and ArcView are presented.The proposed system not only maintains all the advantages of the more conventional implemen-tations but also enhances them in the following ways:1)the application program interfaces(API)are used to transmit data and messages among different parts of the system;2)the integrated system can support studies on land evaluations and ecological analyses by efficient management of attribute and spatial data and 3)correspondingly,spatial records and attributive records are linked by the same identifiers(ID).A case study application in Zigui County of the Three Gorgas Area in China demonstrates that the system could employ land-use maps and land property data to predicate and analyze the land utilization changes in the past,present and future.The ecological environment analysis can be carried out with the data of land,economics and terrain map used,showing that the system can be widely applied,especially to survey land and environment resources in the countryside area.
基金Support by the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China(No.2012BAA13B01,2014BAF07B02)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61273038)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2015FM006)Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of Shandong Province(No.2015ZDXX0201B02)
文摘To address the challenges posed by resource shortage or surplus to enterprises productivity,Internet platforms have been widely used,which can balance shortage and surplus in broader environments. However,the existing resource management models lack openness,sharing ability and scalability,which make it difficult for many heterogeneous resources to co-exist in the same system. It is also difficult to resolve the conflicts between distributed self-management and centralized scheduling in the system. This paper analyzes the characteristics of resources in the distributed environment and proposes a new resource management architecture by considering the resource aggregation capacity of cloud computing. The architecture includes a universal resource scheduling optimization model which has been applied successfully in double-district multi-ship-scheduling multi-container-yard empty containers transporting of international shipping logistics. Applications in all these domains prove that this new resource management architecture is feasible and can achieve the expected effect.
文摘Water resource allocation was defined as an input-output question in this paper, and a preliminary input-output index system was set up. Then GEM （group eigenvalue method）-MAUE （multi-attribute utility theory） model was applied to evaluate relative efficiency of water resource allocation plans. This model determined weights of indicators by GEM, and assessed the allocation schemes by MAUE. Compared with DEA （Data Envelopment Analysis） or ANN （Artificial Neural Networks）, the mode was more applicable in some cases where decision-makers had preference for certain indicators
文摘为分析松花江流域水资源的演变规律,基于寒区水-热-氮素循环模型(the water and energy transfer processes and nitrogen cycle processes model in cold regions,WEP-N)和水资源评价方法,对径流发生突变的1998年前后(即1999—2018年和1956—1998年)进行比较,松花江流域年水资源总量减少217.0亿m^(3),减幅达到22.2%。其中,地表水资源量减少是水资源总量减少的主要组分,占水资源总量减少的比例为96.9%,不重复地下水资源减少量占3.1%。基于多因子归因分析方法分析可知,气候变化是松花江流域水资源减少的主要因素,对松花江流域全年水资源总量、地表水资源量、不重复地下水资源量减少的贡献率分别为81.6%、74.9%、286.6%,取用水的贡献率分别为18.4%、25.1%、-86.6%。从年内不同时期分析可知,非冻融期是全年水资源量减少的主要时期,占全年水资源总量减少的82.6%,冻融期占17.4%。和北方的海河流域、黄河流域相比,水资源减少幅度和主要影响因素各不相同,主要取决于气候变化和人类活动强度变化幅度的不同。与位于华北和西北的两大流域海河流域和黄河流域对比,气候变化对松花江流域水资源衰减的影响与海河流域相当,明显大于黄河流域,而人类活动对松花江流域水资源衰减的影响明显小于两大流域。
