China's Actual Utilized Foreign Capital Reached New High in 2022

In 2022,China’ s actual utilized foreign capital reached a historical high.According to the data released by the State Council Information Office,China’s actual use of foreign capital continued to increase in 2022,reaching RMB 1.2trillion,which is a new high historically.

A bat MERS-like coronavirus circulates in pangolins and utilizes human DPP4 and host proteases for cell entry

It is unknown whether pangolins,the most trafficked mammals,play a role in the zoonotic transmission of bat coronaviruses.We report the circulation of a novel MERS-like coronavirus in Malayan pangolins,named Manis javanica HKU4-related coronavirus(MjHKU4r-CoV).Among 86 animals,four tested positive by pan-CoV PCR,and seven tested seropositive(11 and 12.8%).

A bat MERS-like coronavirus circulates in pangolins and utilizes human DPP4 and host proteases for cell entry

report the circulation of a novel MERS-like coronavirus in Malayan pangolins, named Manis javanica HKU4-relatedcoronavirus (MjHKU4r-CoV). Among 86 animals, four tested positive by pan-CoV PCR, and seven tested seropositive (11 and12.8%). Four nearly identical (99.9%) genome sequences were obtained, and one virus was isolated (MjHKU4r-CoV-1). Thisvirus utilizes human dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (hDPP4) as a receptor and host proteases for cell infection, which is enhanced by afurin cleavage site that is absent in all known bat HKU4r-CoVs. The MjHKU4r-CoV-1 spike shows higher binding affinity forhDPP4, and MjHKU4r-CoV-1 has a wider host range than bat HKU4-CoV. MjHKU4r-CoV-1 is infectious and pathogenic inhuman airways and intestinal organs and in hDPP4-transgenic mice. Our study highlights the importance of pangolins as reservoirhosts of coronaviruses poised for human disease emergence.

Analysis to the Driving Force Model and Driving Factor on the Utilized Changes of Cultivated Land in Gonghe County

Using gradually regression analysis to establish the driving force model of utilized change of cultivated land in Gonghe County, and using path analysis, correlation analysis, partial correlation analysis and system dynamics method to inspect the effect of driving changing on cultivated land change under different change situations. Driving factors, action mechanism and process of utilized change of cultivated land were analyzed from the county territory scale level. At last, some corresponding policies and measures were put forward.

Analysis to the Driving Force Model and Drives Factor on the Utilized Changes of Cultivated Land in Qinghai Lake Area

Using path analysis, correlation analysis, partial correlation analysis and system dynamics method to study the driving force of cultivated land in Qinghai Lake Area, and using gradually regression analysis to establish the driving force model of utilized change of cultivated land. Driving factors, action mechanism and process of utilized change of cultivated land were analyzed, and the differences during all factors were compared. The study provides some decision basis for sustainable utilization and management of land resources in Qinghai Lake Area.

American glabrous rice utilized in breeding of super-high-yielding and good-quality varieties

The yield potential of current rice varieties has reached a high plateau and fluc-tuated within a narrow range. Based on the theory and practice of rice breedingfor super-high-yield, we put forward a concept of " Two high and one early",which means high biomass and high efficiency of light energy conversion, as wellas fast growing in the early growth stage. The agronomic characters of 15 U. S

Standization Trends in Local Regions Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Utilizes Standardization to Promote Economic Development

In China, 10 ethnic minorities with a combined population of over 20 million people are followers of Islam. In Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the population is nearly 6 million, a-mong which the Islamic population is about 2 million. In China as a whole, more than 20 million people enjoy eating food prepared according to Islamic guidelines, known as hal'al food.

The Equilibrium Moisture Content of Five Lesser Utilized Species of Ghana Contrasted with Three European Species

Equilibrium moisture contents (EMC) of wood species are very necessary in the utilization of these in service. This study investigated the EMC of five lesser utilized species of Ghana and compared it with that of three European species. Sixteen randomly sampled specimens of each of the eight species (heartwood and sapwood) with dimensions 3 cm × 3 cm × 3 cm were exposed at various relative humidity conditions of 30%, 45%, 60%, 75% and 90% in a temperature and humidity-controlled climate chamber at a temperature of 25°C in accordance to German standard DIN 52182. The species are Albies alba, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies which are European species and Amphimas pterocarpoides, Antiaris toxicaria, Canarium schweinfurthii, Celtis zenkeri and Cola gigantea are wood species from Ghana. Internal wood temperature and humidity were measured with datalogger. Samples were considered to have reached equilibrium at any given humidity when the daily weight changes were less than 0.1 mg according to German standard DIN 52183. After the last measurements of the weight changes, the samples were dried at 103°C until there was a constant weight. The five tropical hardwoods had low sorption values recorded and high sorption values for the European species and this could be attributed to differences in the microstructure of these woods.

How to utilize the Art of Making Teaching Contain Interest

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Plant Pathogens Utilize Effectors to Hijack the Host Endoplasmic Reticulum as Part of Their Infection Strategy

1.Introduction As the central organelle in the eukaryotic secretory pathway,the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)mediates cellular processes that include calcium homeostasis and protein processing[1,2].The infection of plants by pathogens can induce ER stress and trigger the unfolded protein response(UPR).The UPR is a conserved protective signaling pathway that leads to programmed cell death(PCD)under extreme conditions[3–5],which can harm or benefit pathogens,depending on the timing and mode of cell death,and on whether the pathogen has physiologically adapted to benefit from the dying tissue[6].The biosynthesis and proper function of plant pattern recognition receptors(PRRs),which perceive pathogen-or microbe-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs or MAMPs)at the cell surface,also rely on N-glycosylation and the ER quality-control(ERQC)system[7–9].However,pathogens have evolved the capacity utilizing effectors to bind to the host ER stress pathway and manipulate it to their advantage during infection.

How to Comprehensively Utilize the Discarded Fresh Tobacco Leaf ?

This paper aims to explore comprehensive utilization way of discarded fresh tobacco leaf. Based on modern tobacco demands on green,environmental protection and sustainable development,as well as actual situation of biogas production facility in some villages of local tobacco area,this paper selects Longwan Village of Fengshiyan Town as the experimental site and explores the rational way of discarded fresh tobacco leaf biogas fermentation. Results show that cutting and fermentation of discarded fresh tobacco leaf before adding into biogas digester is conductive to improving p H in fermentation process,reducing crust amount,and effectively improving biogas production amount and rate. The study can provide reference for effective processing and rational utilization of discarded fresh tobacco leaf.

Molecular engineering of self-assembled monolayers for highly utilized Zn anodes

Stabilizing the Zn anode under high utilization rates is highly applauded yet very challenging in aqueous Zn batteries.Here,we rationally design a zincophilic short-chain aromatic molecule,4-mercaptopyridine(4Mpy),to construct self-assembled monolayers(SAMs)on a copper substrate to achieve highly utilized Zn anodes.We reveal that 4Mpy could be firmly bound on the Cu substrate via Cu–S bond to form compact and uniform SAMs,which could effectively isolate the water on the electrode surface and thus eliminate the water-related side reactions.In addition,the short-chain aromatic ring structure of 4Mpy could not only ensure the ordered arrangement of zincophilic pyridine N but also facilitate charge transfer,thus enabling uniform and rapid Zn deposition.Consequently,the Zn/4Mpy/Cu electrode not only enables the symmetric cell to stably cycle for over 180 h at 10 mA cm^(-2) under a high depth-of-discharge of 90%,but also allows the MnO_(2)-paired pouch cell to survive for 100 cycles under a high Zn utilization rate of 78.8%.An anode-free 4Mpy/Cu||graphite cell also operates for 150 cycles without obvious capacity fading at 0.1 A g^(-1).This control of interfacial chemistry via SAMs to achieve high utilization rates of metal anodes provides a new paradigm for developing high-energy metal-based batteries.

New Second-Level-Discrete Zeroing Neural Network for Solving Dynamic Linear System

Dear Editor,This letter deals with a new second-level-discretization method with higher precision than the traditional first-level-discretization method.Specifically,the traditional discretization method utilizes the first-order time derivative information,and it is termed first-level-discretization method.By contrast,the new discretization method not only utilizes the first-order time derivative information,but also makes use of the second-order derivative information.By combining the new second-level-discretization method with zeroing neural network(ZNN),the second-level-discrete ZNN(SLDZNN)model is proposed to solve dynamic(i.e.,time-variant or time-dependent)linear system.Numerical experiments and application to angle-of-arrival(AoA)localization show the effectiveness and superiority of the SLDZNN model.

Universal Machine Learning Kohn–Sham Hamiltonian for Materials

While density functional theory(DFT)serves as a prevalent computational approach in electronic structure calculations,its computational demands and scalability limitations persist.Recently,leveraging neural networks to parameterize the Kohn-Sham DFT Hamiltonian has emerged as a promising avenue for accelerating electronic structure computations.Despite advancements,challenges such as the necessity for computing extensive DFT training data to explore each new system and the complexity of establishing accurate machine learning models for multi-elemental materials still exist.Addressing these hurdles,this study introduces a universal electronic Hamiltonian model trained on Hamiltonian matrices obtained from first-principles DFT calculations of nearly all crystal structures on the Materials Project.We demonstrate its generality in predicting electronic structures across the whole periodic table,including complex multi-elemental systems,solid-state electrolytes,Moir´e twisted bilayer heterostructure,and metal-organic frameworks.Moreover,we utilize the universal model to conduct high-throughput calculations of electronic structures for crystals in GNoME datasets,identifying 3940 crystals with direct band gaps and 5109 crystals with flat bands.By offering a reliable efficient framework for computing electronic properties,this universal Hamiltonian model lays the groundwork for advancements in diverse fields,such as easily providing a huge data set of electronic structures and also making the materials design across the whole periodic table possible.

Carbon emission reduction: Contribution of geothermal energy and practice in China

As a kind of natural energy from the earth’s interior,geothermal energy is characterized by large reserve,wide distribution,good stability,high utilization coefficient,and positive effects of energy-saving and emission-reduction.It is of great significance for promoting green and low-carbon energy transition,reducing greenhouse gas emission,and achieving global climate goals and sustainable economic development.Hence,it has been highly recognized and valued by lots of countries around the world,and has become one of the most important clean energy sources that countries are accelerating to develop and utilize.The potential of the global geothermal energy resource is estimated to be 1.25×1027 J,equivalent to 4.27×10^(16) t of standard coal,among which the geothermal resource between 0 km and 5 km is 1.45×10^(26) J,equivalent to 4.95×1015 t of standard coal(China Geological Survey,2018).

The 2024 Compendium of Physical Activities and its expansion

First developed 30 years ago,the Compendium of Physical Activities(Compendium)was created to provide a standardized way of measuring and classifying specific physical activities(PAs),allowing researchers and health professionals to assess the energy expenditure and health benefits associated with different PA.1Since its inception,the Compendium has been widely utilized and recognized as a fundamental PA and health resource.

Could near infrared spectroscopy be the new weapon in our understanding of the cerebral and muscle microvascular oxygen demand during exercise?

Near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)has been increasingly utilized in both sport and health sciences to assess various physiological parameters related to exercise performance.1 NIRS methods coupled with the recent development of portable and wearable devices suitable for field-based measurements have revolutionized the study of exercise physiology and the determinants of exercise performance by providing real-time,non-invasive,and spatially localized measurements of tissue oxygenation dynamics.

Message from animal models and experimental medicine for 2024-Persevering in its mission to be at the heart of laboratory animal science

In recent years,new technologies have enabled a steady stream of novel theoretical approaches to understanding the mechanisms of disease occurrence and development.The emergence of these new technologies has provided the pharmaceutical industry with a huge amount of data that can be utilized,such as brain-computer inter-faces,artificial intelligence(AI)doctors,wearable medical testing de-vices,etc.

Laser-induced stretchable bioelectronic interfaces by frozen exfoliation

Highly stretchable laser-induced graphene-hydrogel film interfaces in flexible electronic materials are fabricated by frozen exfoliation,and exhibit high stretchability,durability,and design flexibility.This technology offers an advanced technological pathway for manufacturing highly flexible substrates.They can be utilized in numerous complex surface applications,providing an advanced technological pathway for manufacturing highly flexible substrates in the future.

Thoughts on the system construction of digital Chinese medicine

Digital Chinese medicine refers to a comprehensive system that utilizes unified scientific technologies to fully explore and reproduce human phenomenology, patterns of physical changes, and related human experiences. It encompasses the acquisition, storage, and processing of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) data, information.