CAUCHY TYPE INTEGRALS AND A BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEM IN A COMPLEX CLIFFORD ANALYSIS

Clifford analysis is an important branch of modern analysis;it has a very important theoretical significance and application value,and its conclusions can be applied to the Maxwell equation,Yang-Mill field theory,quantum mechanics and value problems.In this paper,we first give the definition of a quasi-Cauchy type integral in complex Clifford analysis,and get the Plemelj formula for it.Second,we discuss the H?lder continuity for the Cauchy-type integral operators with values in a complex Clifford algebra.Finally,we prove the existence of solutions for a class of linear boundary value problems and give the integral representation for the solution.

Effect of FeSi additive in dual-chamber sample cup on thermal analysis characteristic values and vermiculating rate of compacted graphite iron

Thermal analysis plays a key role in the online inspection of molten iron quality.Different solidification process of molten iron can be reflected by thermal analysis curves,and silicon is one of important elements affecting the solidification of molten iron.In this study,FeSi75 was added in one chamber of the dual-chamber sample cup,and the influences of FeSi75 additive on the characteristic values of thermal analysis curves and vermiculating rate were investigated.The results show that with the increase of FeSi75,the start temperature of austenite formation TALfirstly decreases and then increases,but the start temperature of eutectic growth TSEF,the lowest eutectic temperature TEU,temperature at maximum eutectic reaction rate TEM,and highest eutectic temperature TERkeep always an increase.The temperature at final solidification point TEShas little change.The FeSi75 additive has different influences on the vermiculating rate of molten iron with different vermiculation,and the vermiculating rate increases for lower vermiculation molten iron while decreases for higher one.According to the thermal analysis curves obtained by a dual-chamber sample cup with 0.30wt.%FeSi75 additive in one chamber,the vermiculating rate of molten iron can be evaluated by comparing the characteristic values of these curves.The time differenceΔtERcorresponding to the highest eutectic temperature TERhas a closer relationship with the vermiculating rate,and a parabolic regression curve between the time differenceΔtERand vermiculating rateηhas been obtained within the range of 65%to 95%,which is suitable for the qualified melt.

Local Poultry Value Chian Analysis in Somaliland

Poultry production has important economic, social and cultural benefits and plays a significant role in family nutrition in developing countries. In most tropical countries it is based mainly on scavenging production systems, which makes substantial contributions to household food security throughout the developing world. All over the developing world, these low-input and low-output poultry-husbandry systems are an integral component of the livelihoods of most rural, peri-urban, and some urban households and are likely to continue to meet this role for the foreseeable future. Although the contributions of chicken farming to household food security and income as well as its potential contribution to the income of rural communities are known, chicken production is practiced very little in Somaliland. Therefore, the purpose of this project was to carry out a baseline study on the potential of chicken production (eggs and meats) in Somaliland and its existing chain gaps in order to identify whether chicken production could be a successful income source for women and boost female economic activity in the project areas of Saaxil, MaroodiJeex and Togdheer. The result from this assessment showed that rural chicken production was a women-related activity that helped them to be the sole decision-makers and also users of the benefits regarding chicken and chicken products. The main purposes for keeping chicken were egg production for income generating, home consumption and meat provision. The major constraints for rural poultry keeping were the lack of extension and veterinary services, predators, poor housing, poor breeds, and lack of financial services among others. Women in all the selected villages made remarkable contributions to the local chicken production system. The result of the assessments showed that indigenous poultry value chain consisted of producers, collectors/retaileres, shops and consumers/restaurents. However, the absence of processors along the chain means that chickens are sold live and consequently cannot be retailed through formal channels like supermarkets leading to the exclusion of potential customers in the middle and high income categories who normally shop from supermarkets. Furthermore, as population and incomes grow, demand for indigenous chicken is likely to continue growing, especially among the high income groups who not only prefer it for its taste but also for health reasons due to its low fat content. Finally, although the value chain for indigenous chickens shows potential growth for all the players along the chain, there is a need to address the various constraints affecting the value chain for indigenous chickens in order to improve the operation of the chain hence leading to increased incomes for the value chain actors and at the same time ensuring cheap delivery of indigenous chicken in a more convenient form and in formal outlets.

The diagnostic value of the expression of the thymidine kinase 1 in lung cancer:A meta analysis

Objective:To study is to evaluate the diagnostic value of the expression of thymidine kinase 1(TK1)in lung cancer through literature review and meta-analysis.Methods:Firstly,we searched Pubmed,Embase,Cochrane,Web of Science,CBM,CNKI,Wanfang and other databases up to June 2022.Then two researchers separately selected the clinical study on diagnosis of lung cancer by the expression of the TK1 and treatment and obtained the full text of the literature.Then we evaluated the systematic quality and bias risk of the included literatures by using Revman 5.3 software,and the consistency among the covariables in meta analysis.Finally,the Sensitivity(Sen),the Specificity(Spe)and other indicators were analyzed by using Stata16.0 software.Results:The study included 37 literatures,including 3218 lung cancer cases and 2976 control cases.The meta-analysis showed that the Ser and Spe of the expression of the TK1 in the diagnosis of lung cancer were 0.63(95%CI:0.57,0.68)and 0.88(95%CI:0.84,0.91),while positive likelihood ratio(PLR)was 5.34(95%CI:4.02,7.1)and negative likelihood ratio(NLR)was 0.42(95%CI:0.37,0.48),diagnostic odd sratio(DOR)was 12.69(95%CI:8.91,18.08),and the area under the ROC curve(AUC)was 0.82(95%CI:0.79,0.85).When TK1,CEA and CYFRA21-1 were used as combined diagnostic indexes of lung cancer,Sen was 0.82(95%CI:0.76,0.86),Spe 0.78(95%CI:0.46,0.94),PLR 3.69(95%CI:1.28,10.66),NLR 0.24(95%CI:0.18,0.31),DOR 15.59(95%CI:4.56,53.36),AUC 0.84(95%CI:0.80,0.87).The Youden index of combined diagnosis was 0.60,which was higher than that of TK1 alone.Conclusion:TK1 alone as a diagnostic index of lung cancer has low Sen,but its Sep is higher.So it has a certain diagnostic value.TK1 combined with CEA and CYFRA21-1 has higher Sen in the diagnosis of lung cancer,and the diagnostic value is better.

Multi-Criteria Group Decision-Making Method Based on an Improved Single-Valued Neutrosophic Hamacher Weighted Average Operator and Grey Relational Analysis

This paper proposes a multi-criteria decision-making (MCGDM) method based on the improved single-valued neutrosophic Hamacher weighted averaging (ISNHWA) operator and grey relational analysis (GRA) to overcome the limitations of present methods based on aggregation operators. First, the limitations of several existing single-valued neutrosophic weighted averaging aggregation operators (i.e. , the single-valued neutrosophic weighted averaging, single-valued neutrosophic weighted algebraic averaging, single-valued neutrosophic weighted Einstein averaging, single-valued neutrosophic Frank weighted averaging, and single-valued neutrosophic Hamacher weighted averaging operators), which can produce some indeterminate terms in the aggregation process, are discussed. Second, an ISNHWA operator was developed to overcome the limitations of existing operators. Third, the properties of the proposed operator, including idempotency, boundedness, monotonicity, and commutativity, were analyzed. Application examples confirmed that the ISNHWA operator and the proposed MCGDM method are rational and effective. The proposed improved ISNHWA operator and MCGDM method can overcome the indeterminate results in some special cases in existing single-valued neutrosophic weighted averaging aggregation operators and MCGDM methods.

Enterprise Value Valuation-BYD as an Example Based on SWOT Model and Multiple Regression Model

BYD is one of the largest new energy vehicle companies in China.Analyzing its scenario and the factors that affect its value helps to understand and identify development opportunities and potential problems.On one hand,this paper makes a qualitative analysis of BYD,using SWOT model to study the internal capability and external environment of BYD.On the other hand,the multiple regression model is used for quantitative analysis of BYD’s enterprise value,and the model is established based on three factors:enterprise fundamentals,investor behavior and psychology,and macroeconomic policy uncertainty,and the stepwise regression is carried out.The results show that the increase of institutional investors’shareholding ratio,the increase of investor sentiment index,and the increase of M2 growth rate will increase the overall enterprise value,while the increase of economic policy uncertainty will decrease the enterprise value.

Estimation of Return Level for Maximum Daily and Hourly Precipitation in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, Using the Extreme Value Theory

The weather in Nagano Prefecture, Japan, can be roughly classified into four types according to principal component analysis and k-means clustering. We predicted the extreme values of the maximum daily and hourly precipitation in Nagano Prefecture using the extreme value theory. For the maximum daily precipitation, the vales of ξ in Matsumoto, Karuizawa, Sugadaira, and Saku were positive;therefore, it has no upper bound and tends to take large values. Therefore, it is dangerous and caution is required. The values of ξ in Nagano, Kisofukushima, and Minamishinano were determined to be zero, therefore, there was no upper limit, the probability of obtaining a large value was low, and caution was required. We predicted the maximum return levels for return periods of 10, 20, 50, and 100 years along with respective 95% confidence intervals in Nagano, Matsumoto, Karuizawa, Sugadaira, Saku, Kisofukushima, and Minamishinano. In Matsumoto, the 100-year return level was 182 mm, with a 95% CI [129, 236]. In Minamishinano, the 100-year return level was 285 mm, with a 95% CI [173, 398]. The 100-year return levels for the maximum daily rainfall were 285, 271, and 271 mm in Minamishinano, Saku, and Karuizawa, respectively, where the changes in the daily maximum rainfall were larger than those at other points. Because these values are large, caution is required during heavy rainfall. The 100-year return levels for the maximum daily and hourly precipitation were similar in Karuizawa and Saku. In Sugadaira, the 100-year return level for a maximum hourly rainfall of 107.2 mm was larger than the maximum daily rainfall. Hence, it is necessary to be careful about short-term rainfall events.

Correlation Analysis of SPAD Value with Chlorophyll Content and Economic Yield Traits of Brassica napus L.

[Objective] The aim was to compare differences of SPAD value, chloro- phyll content, agronomic characters, economic characters and yield traits to analyze correlation of SPAD value with other indices and establish regression functions. [Method] Based on 34 Brassica napus L. varieties, SPAD value, chlorophyll content, agronomic characters, economic characters and yield traits were measured and re- gression functions were established according to correlations. [Result] SPAD value, chlorophyll content, agronomic and economic characters and yield traits all achieved significant level in differences among 34 varieties. Specifically, SPAD value was of extremely significant correlation with chlorophyll a and b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid, and the correlation from high to low was chl-b〉chl-z〉chl-a〉chl-x. SPAD value was of significantly positive correlation with total pod number per plant, plant height, seed number per pod, yield per plant and harvest yield, and of insignificant correlation with branch point height, effective branch number, pod density of main stem, and pod length. [Conclusion] It is simple and rapid to predict chlorophyll con- tent, economic characters and yields of Brassica napus L. with SPAD value and re- gression functions.

Response of Ecosystem Service Value Based on Land Use Changes and Analysis of its Driving Factors in Typical Hilly Region with Red Soil

The contribution rate of ecosystem service value variation was used to analyze the effects of land use changes on the changes of ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005.Grey integrated correlation was employed to explore the contribution level of the indicators such as total population,urbanization level,proportion of primary industry and investment of social fixed assets on ecosystem service value,and the correlation analysis was also carried out.The results showed that the ecosystem service value in Xingguo County during 1996-2005 mainly was woodland,and the decrease of woodland area was the major reason for the sustained reduction of ecosystem service value.With the further increase of market demand and the incentives of local government,the garden area rapidly increased during 2001-2005,and the influence degree of garden towards the changes of ecosystem service value was only second to woodland,ranking No.2.Four socio-economic indicators had different correlation degree with ecosystem service value during the different research periods.Total population,urbanization level and proportion of primary industry had high correlation degree with ecosystem service value,whereas the influence degree of various socio-economic indicators on ecosystem service value was equal with each other day by day.Urbanization level,investment of social fixed assets and total population had significant negative correlation with ecosystem service value,while the proportion of primary industry had positive correlation with ecosystem service value.

The Singular Value Decomposition Analysis between Summer Precipitation in the Dongting Lake Region and the Global Sea Surface Temperature

By dint of the summer precipitation data from 21 stations in the Dongting Lake region during 1960-2008 and the sea surface temperature(SST) data from NOAA,the spatial and temporal distributions of summer precipitation and their correlations with SST are analyzed.The coupling relationship between the anomalous distribution in summer precipitation and the variation of SST has between studied with the Singular Value Decomposition(SVD) analysis.The increase or decrease of summer precipitation in the Dongting Lake region is closely associated with the SST anomalies in three key regions.The variation of SST in the three key regions has been proved to be a significant previous signal to anomaly of summer rainfall in Dongting region.

Natural Heritage Value of Xinjiang Tianshan and Global Comparative Analysis

Xinjiang Tianshan is a serial natural property that has been nominated for World Heritage status.This paper presents a systematically comprehensive and comparative analysis of the heritage resources of Xinjiang Tianshan according to the World Heritage criteria.Its biological,ecological and aesthetic values,which are of global importance, are documented.It is concluded that Xinjiang Tianshan meets the world heritage criteria(vii)and (ix).Xinjiang Tianshan is compared with other mountain world heritage sites,mountains in Central Asia,the Tianshan Mountains outside China,and with the protected areas of the Tianshan Mountains on the Tentative List for World Heritage Sites,so as to provide objective data for the world heritage application.

Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analysis of Regional Marine Ecosystem Services Value

Marine ecosystem services are the benefits which people obtain from the marine ecosystem,including provisioning services,regulating services,cultural services and supporting services. The human species,while buffered against environmental changes by culture and technology,is fundamentally dependent on the flow of ecosystem services. Marine ecosystem services become increasingly valuable as the terrestrial resources become scarce. The value of marine ecosystem services is the monetary flow of ecosystem services on specific temporal and spatial scales,which often changes due to the variation of the goods prices,yields and the status of marine exploitation. Sensitivity analysis is to study the relationship between the value of marine ecosystem services and the main factors which affect it. Uncertainty analysis based on varying prices,yields and status of marine exploitation was carried out. Through uncertainty analysis,a more credible value range instead of a fixed value of marine ecosystem services was obtained in this study. Moreover,sensitivity analysis of the marine ecosystem services value revealed the relative importance of different factors.

An Intercomparison of Rules for Testing the Significance of Coupled Modes of Singular Value Decomposition Analysis

This paper clarifies the essence of the significance test of singular value decomposition analysis （SVD）, and investigates four rules for testing the significance of coupled modes of SVD, including parallel analysis, nonparametric bootstrap, random-phase test, and a new rule named modified parallel analysis. A numerical experiment is conducted to quantitatively compare the performance of the four rules in judging whether a coupled mode of SVD is significant as parameters such as the sample size, the number of grid points, and the signal-to-noise ratio vary. The results show that the four rules perform better with lower ratio of the number of grid points to sample size. Modified parallel analysis and nonparametric bootstrap perform best to abandon the spurious coupled modes, but the latter is better than the former to retain the significant coupled modes when the sample size is not much larger than the number of grid points. Parallel analysis and random-phase test are robust to abandon the spurious coupled modes only when either （1） the observations at the grid points are spatially uncorrelated, or （2） the coupled signal is very strong for parallel analysis and is not weak for random-phase test. The reasons affecting the accuracy of the test rules are discussed.

PHYSICAL VALUE MAPPING ALGORITHM OF MESH IN FINE CAE ANALYSIS OF AUTOMOBILE BODY STRUCTURE

A physical value mapping （PVM） algorithm based on finite element mesh from the stamped part in stamping process to the product is presented, In order to improve the efficiency of the PVM algorithm, a search way from the mesh of the product to the mesh of the stamped part will be adopted. At the same time, the search process is divided into two steps： entire search （ES） and local search （LS）, which improve the searching efficiency. The searching area is enlarged to avoid missing projection elements in ES process. An arc-length method is introduced in LS process. The validity is confirmed by the results of the complex industry-forming product.

Value analysis of district heating system with gas-fired peak load boiler in secondary network

In district heating(DH) system with gas-fired peak load regulating boiler in the secondary network,by prolonging run time of base load plants under rated condition,the mean energy efficiency could be increased. The fuels of the system,including coal and gas,would cause different environmental impacts. Meanwhile,the reliability of the heating networks would be changed because the peak load regulating boiler could work as a standby heat source. A model for assessment of heating system was established by value analysis to optimize this kind of system. Energy consumption,greenhouse gas emission,pollution emission and system reliability were selected as functional assessment indexes in the model. Weights of each function were determined by analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and experts consultation. Life cycle cost was used as the cost in the model. A real case as an example was discussed to obtain the optimal base load ratio. The result shows that the optimal base load ratio of the case is 0.77.

AN ANALYSIS ON LOCATION FACTORS AFFECTING THE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SHANGHAI LAND VALUES

With a technique of GIS(Geographical Information System) and a method of multiple linear regression analysis, the spatial distribution of Shanghai land values and its relationship with some location factors are examined in this paper. The database of land values consists of 166 land parcels leased during 1993-1994. The land value map shows that the spatial distribution of Shanghai land values has some distinct spatial features. Firstly, the highest land value areas are located along Nanjing Road, Huaihai Road and the Bund. Secondly, there is no conspicuous peak land value intersection within the CBD(Central Business District). Finally, The land values of Pudong are much lower than those of Puxi. The regression model between Shanghai land values and the selected location factors shows that Nanjing Road is the first important location factor affecting the spatial distribution of the land values, the city center is the second one and Huaihai Road is the third one. The Bund, the regional shopping centers and the transportation nodes have little influence on the land values. This relationship between Shanghai land values and the location factors is determined by the distribution of commercial activities, the characteristics of the CBD and the spatial form of the city.

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Cherry Tomato Core Collection Based on Genotypic Values

Taking 65 cherry tomato core germplasms as experimental materials,the genetic diversity of seven agronomic traits were analyzed.The correlation between any two of the seven agronomic traits and the genetic relationships of these germplasms were analyzed based on genotypic values.The genetic diversity indices of the seven agronomic traits were 4.15,4.13,4.16,4.13,4.13,4.13 and 4.01,respectively,showing that the cherry tomato core collection had abundant genetic diversity.The correlation analysis between traits based on genotype effect values showed that leaf length was significantly correlated with leaf width with the correlation coefficient of 0.56.The fruit width was significantly correlated with fruit length with the correlation coefficient of 0.52.The flesh thickness was significantly correlated with fruit length and fruit width with the correlation coefficients of 0.49 and 0.39,respectively.The single fruit weight was significantly correlated with fruit length,fruit width and flesh thickness with the correlation coefficients of 0.44,0.61 and 0.62,respectively.When the genetic distances between core germplasms of cherry tomato were calculated based on the phenotypic values,65 core germplasms of cherry tomato were divided into three groups with the rescaled distance of 10.When the genetic distances between core germplasms of cherry tomato were calculated based on the genotypic values,the 65 core germplasms of cherry tomato were divided into four groups with the rescaled distance of 10.Comparing the 2 clustering results,it could find that genotypic value-based clustering analysis could better clarify the genetic relationship between core germplasms.This study could provide a theoretical basis for the effective utilization of cherry tomato core germplasms.

Physico-Chemical Analysis and Polarization Value Estimation of Raw Sugar from Refining Point of View

This study was particularly designed to evaluate the physico-chemical parameters and polarization value of raw sugar which ultimately affect the filterability of raw sugar. Six different raw sugar samples were collected from the local industries and were evaluated for the physico-chemical and polarization value. The physico-chemical characteristics of sugar including moisture, reducing sugar, ash contents, size of crystals and color constituents were assessed. The results obtained from physico-chemical analysis showed that these parameters were affected significantly among the samples of raw sugar. The ash contents were found to be decreasing for the samples in the order of T6 > T1T2T5 > T3T4. The values for the polarization were significantly the highest in sample T5, T2 and T1 followed by sample T4 and T6 while the lowest values were recorded for sample T3. It can be concluded from the results that sample T4 was observed to have a good quality while sample T6 had the opposite result to that of sample T4 and was considered to have a very low quality.

Urban Residential Land Value Analysis： Case Danyang, China

The research attempts to find out how the location of the CBD(central business district), the dis- tance to the main roads, the distribution of the public facilities, and the urban land-use pattern influence the urban residential land value variations. The study begins by identifying the influences into two categories: general circumstance and micro/neighboring circumstances. Benchmark price and market land value are tested to be the results influenced by general circumstance and both the influential range and the influential force of individual land-use are investigated and compared. At last explicit case comparisons are also taken for testing the result. The finding of the research is not only useful for understanding the spatial patterns of land values, but also beneficial for the policy-makers concerning land administration and urban planning.

Accuracy Assignment Study of Tank Fire Control System Based on Value Analysis Method

A method of accuracy assignment based on value analysis method （VAM） in tank fire control system （TFCS） is proposed. From the analysis of primary error sources and their error transfer relationships, the mathematical model is built on the basis of VAM to solve the accuracy assignment problem. Simulation results show the validation and feasibility of the proposed method. It can help designer of tank fire control system work out an optimal system more efficiently and more economically.