Analysis of the Effect of Subgroup Size on the X-Bar Control Chart Using Forensic Science Laboratory Sample Influx Data

This paper analyzes the effect of subgroup size on the x-bar chart characteristics using sample influx (SIF) into forensic science laboratory (FSL). The characteristics studied include changes in out-or-control points (OCP), upper control limit UCLx, and zonal demarcations. Multi-rules were used to identify the number of out-of-control-points, Nocp as violations using five control chart rules applied separately. A sensitivity analysis on the Nocp was applied for subgroup size, k, and number of sigma above the mean value to determine the upper control limit, UCLx. A computer code was implemented using a FORTRAN code to create x-bar control-charts and capture OCP and other control-chart characteristics with increasing k from 2 to 25. For each value of k, a complete series of average values, Q(p), of specific length, Nsg, was created from which statistical analysis was conducted and compared to the original SIF data, S(t). The variation of number of out-of-control points or violations, Nocp, for different control-charts rules with increasing k was determined to follow a decaying exponential function, Nocp = Ae–α, for which, the goodness of fit was established, and the R2 value approached unity for Rule #4 and #5 only. The goodness of fit was established to be the new criteria for rational subgroup-size range, for Rules #5 and #4 only, which involve a count of 6 consecutive points decreasing and 8 consecutive points above the selected control limit (σ/3 above the grand mean), respectively. Using this criterion, the rational subgroup range was established to be 4 ≤ k ≤ 20 for the two x-bar control chart rules.

Hydrogen Engine and Numerical Temperature-Entropy Chart for Hydrogen/Air Cycle Analysis

Fast depletion of fossil fuels with its resources already passed its mid depletion region and the pollution levels already reached unsafe levels which make it utmost necessity to search for alternative fuels to meet sustainable energy demand with minimum environmental impact. Among alternative fuels, hydrogen is considered as the near future, long term renewable, sustainable and non-polluting fuel. In the present paper, hydrogen fueled internal combustion engine fundamentals highlighted and presented relating to hydrogen combustion properties. A Mat lab programmed hydrogen temperature-entropy-energy chart is developed and presented for fresh charge and products of combustion at different excess air factors per mole combustion gases. The chart, then, used to represent a SI hydrogen-fueled fuel/air cycle analysis, which proved to be valuable design tool for engine sizing and for prediction of engine performance. Predictions carried out using the hydrogen F/A cycle analysis at different λ show low brake specific fuel consumption and low volume specific power compared with conventional SI engine.

Optimizing SUS 304 wire drawing process by grey relational analysis utilizing Taguchi method

In the stainless steel 304 （SUS 304） wire drawing process, optimizing the die life and wire tensile strength, which are the larger-the-better quality characteristics （QCH） types, is of main interest. Three control factors, involving reduction ratio, lubricant temperature, and drawing speed, were investigated utilizing L9（34） orthogonal array （OA）. The grey relational analysis was conducted for the normalized signal-to-noise （S/N） ratios. The ordinal value of the grey grade was then used to decide optimal factor levels. The anticipated improvements in die life and wire tensile strength were estimated 25.31 h and 22.50 kg/mm2, respectively. To decide the significant factor which had effect on each QCH and predict the average value of each QCH, analysis of variance （ANOVA） was performed for S/N ratio and QCH. Confirmation experiments were then conducted, where a good overlap was noticed between the predicted and confirnation intervals for each QCH. The Hotelling T2 and the sample generalized variance control charts were finally utilized in controlling and monitoring future production. In conclusion, the grey relational analysis utilizing Taguchi method is an effective approach for optimizing the die life and wire tensile strength for SUS wire drawing process. 2008 University of Science and Technology Beijing. All rights reserved.

An analysis method of injection and production dynamic transient flow in a gas field storage facility

A dynamic transient flow analysis method considering complex factors such as the cyclic injection and production history in a gas field storage facility was established in view of the limitations of the existing methods for transient flow analysis and the characteristics of the injection-production operation of strongly heterogeneous gas reservoirs, and the corresponding theoretical charts were drawn. In addition, an injection-production dynamic transient flow analysis model named "three points and two stages" suitable for an underground gas storage(UGS) well with alternate working conditions was proposed. The "three points" refer to three time points during cyclic injection and production, namely, the starting point of gas injection for UGS construction, the beginning and ending points of the injection-production analysis stage;and the "two stages" refer to historical flow stage and injection-production analysis stage. The study shows that the dimensionless pseudo-pressure and dimensionless pseudo-pressure integral curves of UGS well flex downward in the early stage of the injection and production process, and the dimensionless pseudo-pressure integral derivative curve is convex during the gas production period and concave during the gas injection period, and the curves under different flow histories have atypical features. The new method present in this paper can analyze transient flow of UGS accurately. The application of this method to typical wells in Hutubi gas storage shows that the new method can fit the pressure history accurately, and obtain reliable parameters and results.

Process Capability Analysis of Delivering Neonatal Care with Normal Weight （Case Study of Neonatal Weight Data at a Maternity Clinic in Banjarmasin）

Statistical Quality Control （SQC） is used to analyze and monitor quality characteristic measurements of normal neonatal weight in a maternity clinic in Banjarmasin in this paper. The objective of this study is to assist medical practitioners in observing pregnant women to deliver their babies with normal weight. It is also assumed that pregnant women who delivered their babies in the clinic have been monitored during their nine-month pregnancy. Thus, they can manage their own pregnancy to deliver normal weight babies. The use of Statistical Process Control （SPC） tools, such as frequency histogram, probability plot, and the implementation of Shewhart, R, and S control charts as primary techniques, are presented to display the monitoring aspects of the process. In addition, Process Capability Analysis （PCA） is performed to ensure that the process outcomes are capable of meeting certain requirements or specifications. The Process Capability Ratio （PCR） for the process is also presented. This analysis is an essential part of an overall quality improvement program.

Acoustic Analysis of EkeGusii Vowel System

This study describes the vowel system of EkeGusii(“Bantu E.42”)(Guthrie,1948)in an acoustic phonetics perspective using oral data got from purposively sampled subjects:four adult males,four adult females and four children(two boys and two girls all 8 years old)equally from the two dialects of EkeGusii(EkeMaate and EkeRogoro Dialects).In order to capture the distribution characteristics of the vowel acoustic concentration,the group frequency means are normalized using Lobanov’s(1971)algorithm.Two viewpoints are the subjects of analysis in EkeGusii vowels:(a)acoustic vowel space as projected by the intersection of F2 vs.F1 or quadrilateral,and(b)spatial features of high,low,front and back.These qualities are mainly influenced by the physiology of speakers and social variability as occasioned by gender,age and dialect.The results indicate that children have no gender difference in formants,and have the highest frequencies for all formants,followed by adult females and then adult males.Furthermore,acoustic vowel space and spatial features are affected by gender,age,and dialect.A vowel pattern,replicated by all informants,is realized in the dispersion of the vowels within the chart influenced by gender and age.This study found out that EkeGusii seems to adopt a seven-vowel system of/i eɛaɔo u/with a length contrast.

CHARTS项目支持制定的我国艾滋病防治政策分析

目的:了解CHARTS对我国艾滋病防治政策环境的影响。方法:通过项目终期数据库,用文本分析法分析了国家级和省级艾滋病防治政策。结果:CHARTS在7年的时间里支持出台44项国家级和291项省级艾滋病防治政策。政策的颁布时间、颁布部门及政策内容涉及的领域,充分显示了项目对我国艾滋病防治环境的影响。结论:CHAR-TS为我国艾滋病防治政策环境的变化做出了贡献。

基于HighCharts实现教务信息图形分析系统

论文主要研究基于High Charts的教务信息3D图形分析系统,系统将教务管理系统中的数据分析和开源图形库Highcharts与j Query相结合,简单直观地以3D图形展示出数据分析结果,为教务管理人员提供简洁直观的分析数据,为教学管理带来了方便。系统具有可视性强、设计成本小、安全性好、方便维护等优点。

基于PChart算法的哈萨克语句法分析

为研究哈萨克语的句法分析,研究自然语言处理的统计方法的句法分析。根据概率上下无关文法模型和Chart算法的特点,将概率引入Chart算法,提出一种PChart算法。利用PChart算法对哈萨克语进行句法分析,解决句法分析中哈萨克文法的获取和歧义消解问题,实现一个基于PChart算法的哈萨克语句法分析器,识别正确的哈萨克语句子。实验结果表明,该分析器在准确率、召回率等方面的性能都有所提高。

重型颅脑损伤患者胃肠功能衰竭风险预测模型的建立

目的建立重型颅脑损伤(sTBI)患者胃肠功能衰竭风险预测模型,并进行验证。方法选择2019年1月至2023年3月达州市中西医结合医院神经外科接诊的147例sTBI患者资料进行分析。收集可能影响sTBI患者胃肠功能衰竭的相关因素,根据急性胃肠道损伤(AGI)分级将患者分为胃肠功能衰竭组与非胃肠功能衰竭组,以LASSO筛选出潜在影响因素后行多因素Logistic回归分析,根据多因素分析结果建立列线图模型并进行验证。结果本研究模型组102例sTBI患者中共有33例(32.35%)出现胃肠功能衰竭,多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示:机械通气情况、休克、通便措施、肺部感染情况、血钠、人肠脂肪酸结合蛋白(iFABP)、D-乳酸及二胺氧化酶(DAO)为sTBI患者胃肠功能衰竭的独立性影响因素(P<0.05)。ROC分析显示模型组曲线下面积(AUC)为0.942,95%CI为0.896~0.988;验证组AUC为0.908,95%CI为0.849~0.966。校准曲线结果显示,预测曲线与标准曲线基本拟合。决策曲线分析结果显示,当列线图模型预测sTBI患者胃肠功能衰竭风险的概率阈值为0.10~0.90时,患者的净收益率大于0。结论sTBI患者胃肠功能衰竭主要受机械通气情况、休克、通便措施等相关因素的影响,本研究基于上述因素建立的列线图预测模型用于预测sTBI患者胃肠功能衰竭具有较高的准确度与区分度。

某院肿瘤中心用药咨询的帕累托图及波士顿矩阵分析

目的提升临床合理用药水平。方法收集医院肿瘤中心抗肿瘤方向临床药师2023年1月至6月有效记录的用药咨询内容共86例,利用帕累托图及波士顿矩阵分析法分别对咨询对象、用药咨询方式、用药咨询内容、咨询药品种类、临床药师回答质量进行统计与分析。结果临床医师的咨询占比最高(47.67%),主要通过医师站咨询(44.19%)。咨询内容主要为药品用法用量(21.43%)、药品不良反应(19.39%)、药品厂家选择(12.24%)、联合用药(10.20%)、药代动力学(8.16%)、用药疗程(6.12%),累计构成比为77.55%,为A类主要因素。用药咨询涉及药品种类占比与回复质量得分存在差异,据此制订不同管理策略,以提升临床药师的业务能力,为临床药师提供发展方向。结论通过定期分析用药咨询工作,收集临床科室、患者等对用药咨询工作的建议和意见,制订并实施相应的持续改进方案,提升用药咨询服务质量。

抽油机系统效率动态控制图研制与应用

基于使抽油机井系统效率管理更加精细、节能措施安排更为精准的目的,采用示功图面积计算方法,将系统效率指标细分为地面系统效率和井下系统效率两部分,结合分析主要影响因素试验,以建立多元回归预测模型的方法,绘制出抽油机系统效率动态控制图。而后采用对应的系统效率提升对策,共治理低效井515口,共计实施措施3 385井次,平均系统效率提升7.91个百分点,年共累计节电204.61×10^(4)kWh。结果表明,应用抽油机系统效率动态控制图,能够准确判断出节能潜力,能够提出针对性的提效措施。

基于自然语言生成的制造企业自动化图表分析方法研究

随着数字化转型的浪潮席卷全球,制造企业每天都会产生大量的图表数据,传统的图表分析方法很难对图表数据进行高效、准确的分析,自动化图表分析方法成为图表分析的重要手段。为解决自动化图表分析方法在实际应用时很难满足具体需求的问题,提出了一种基于自然语言生成的制造企业自动化图表分析方法。该方法基于LSTM对图表数据进行分析,并针对分析过程中出现的多余数据误导LSTM等问题,在嵌入层之后增加判别器层使LSTM能够根据图表类型进行更有针对性的语义理解和文本预测;针对图表分析过程中生成描述语句质量差等问题,参考集束搜索和随机采样策略,提出随机集束采样策略以提高图表分析质量,并引入知识蒸馏方法对LSTM进行优化,进一步提高描述文本的质量。实验证明,相较于LSTM,该方法文本质量提升了8.9%。为了便于将该方法应用在实际中,设计并开发了制造企业自动化图表分析系统,并将该方法引入作为图表分析工具。实验结果表明,所提方法能够提高制造企业图表分析的质量和效率。

多变量统计过程控制技术在药品生产过程中的应用

介绍了多变量统计过程控制(multivariate statistical process control,MSPC)的基本概念和有关背景。描述了MSPC实施的基本流程以及常用统计量与控制图。强调了MSPC在药品生产过程中的重要作用,特别是中药领域,为药品生产过程质量控制方法的选择提供参考。总结了MSPC的优势和不足,并展望了MSPC在药品生产和质量控制方面的发展趋势。

CUSUM control charts based on likelihood ratio for preliminary analysis

To detect and estimate a shift in either the mean and the deviation or both for the preliminary analysis, the statistical process control (SPC) tool, the control chart based on the likelihood ratio test (LRT), is the most popular method. Sullivan and woodall pointed out the test statistic lrt(n1, n2) is approximately distributed as x2(2) as the sample size n,n1 and n2 are very large, and the value of n1 = 2,3,..., n - 2 and that of n2 = n - n1. So it is inevitable that n1 or n2 is not large. In this paper the limit distribution of lrt(n1, n2) for fixed n1 or n2 is figured out, and the exactly analytic formulae for evaluating the expectation and the variance of the limit distribution are also obtained. In addition, the properties of the standardized likelihood ratio statistic slr(n1, n) are discussed in this paper. Although slr(n1, n) contains the most important information, slr(i, n)(i≠n1) also contains lots of information. The cumulative sum (CUSUM) control chart can obtain more information in this condition. So we propose two CUSUM control charts based on the likelihood ratio statistics for the preliminary analysis on the individual observations. One focuses on detecting the shifts in location in the historical data and the other is more general in detecting a shift in either the location and the scale or both. Moreover, the simulated results show that the proposed two control charts are, respectively, superior to their competitors not only in the detection of the sustained shifts but also in the detection of some other out-of-control situations considered in this paper.

六安瓜片冲泡控制图的建立

咖啡冲煮控制图在咖啡行业有着广泛的应用。借鉴咖啡评价指标,以六安瓜片为研究对象,将体现风味平衡度和浓度的萃取率(Extraction yield,EY)及总溶解固体(Total dissolved solids,TDS)用作评价茶汤的质量指标。应用生存分析法确定实现六安瓜片茶汤最大消费者接受度的最佳EY范围为2.53%~4.57%,最佳TDS范围为0.14%~0.28%,并以此为“理想”区域建立了六安瓜片冲泡控制图,在消费者层面和专家层面均得到了验证。研究表明,采用茶水比(g∶mL)为1∶30~1∶15,温度在85~100℃时,第一泡茶汤在33 s内调节冲泡时间,第二泡茶汤在15 s内调节冲泡时间,第三泡茶汤在13 s内调节冲泡时间,可以得到“理想”区域的茶汤。本研究为科学地冲泡六安瓜片及其他绿茶提供了理论支持。

基于Web的交互式图表应用于数据分析的研究

本文阐述基于Web的交互式图表应用于数据分析的研究,将HTML5新标准的优势转化为教师平日工作的动能,帮助教师提升工作效率,减轻数据分析工作量。利用该系统可以绘制多样灵动的交互式图表并设计丰富的功能,帮助教师解决日常工作中遇到的数据分析问题,绘制统计图,进行对比分析,从而得到文字统计无法直观反映的数据结果。

基于DMAIC的配电箱壳体生产质量改进研究

针对某公司M型号配电箱壳体生产良率低下的问题,使用六西格玛管理对生产过程实施DMAIC流程来进行项目改善,达到降低不良率的目的。在界定阶段,通过SPIOC流程图和Pareto图分析确定造成不良品过多的主要原因是焊接工序出现焊缝质量不良引起的,根据帕累托法则可知,只要降低焊缝质量的不良率,就能够短时间提升产品整体的良率;在测量阶段,验证了测量系统的重复性和再现性,确保数据的准确性并对焊接工序进行能力分析;在分析阶段,利用故障树分析(FTA)寻找造成焊缝质量不良的关键因素是焊机参数配置不当;在改进阶段,对焊机参数配置不当通过设计DOE正交实验确定最佳的参数配置;在控制阶段,提出改进方案并进行监控,按照最佳参数组合进行改进后,M型号配电箱壳体的良率从91.6%提升到97.9%,产品整体良率提高了6.3%,达到了质量改进的目的。

静脉用药调配中心不合理医嘱帕累托图分析

目的促进临床合理、安全使用静脉用药物。方法收集医院静脉用药调配中心(PIVAS)2021年7月至2023年6月审核并进行干预的静脉用药不合理医嘱403条,统计科室分布、不合理医嘱类型,计算构成比,绘制帕累托图,分析不合理医嘱的影响因素。结果不合理医嘱分布科室排名前3的分别为普通外科(25.56%)、肿瘤内科(20.10%)、妇科(10.92%)。帕累托图分析显示,溶剂错误、给药剂量错误为主要影响因素,肠外营养医嘱错误为次要影响因素,药物配伍禁忌、给药频次错误为一般影响因素,累计构成比分别为78.91%,86.60%,97.27%。结论医院PIVAS应加强静脉用药医嘱审核,干预不合理医嘱,增加药师与临床的沟通,提升药学服务质量。