Tungstophosphoric acid （HPW） catalyst supported on the neural alumina was studied. It was prepared by means of an equilibrium and incipient wetness impregnation technique. Solution of HPW in 50% V/V ethanol-water wa...Tungstophosphoric acid （HPW） catalyst supported on the neural alumina was studied. It was prepared by means of an equilibrium and incipient wetness impregnation technique. Solution of HPW in 50% V/V ethanol-water was used to impregnate Al2O3 at 25℃. It was found that the catalyst containing 30% PW by calcination at 500℃ showed a higher catalytic activity in the synthesis of acetals and/or ketals. In the following condition, that is, the molar ratio of aldehyde/ketone to glycol being 1：1.5, the mass fraction of the catalyst used was 0.5%, and the reaction time was 1.0 h; the yields of ketals and acetals could reach up to 60.5%-86.7%. Moreover, it could be easily recovered and reused.展开更多
Heteropolyacid nanoparticles(NPs)were supported on Cs-modified three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)SiO2 and used as the catalyst for the oxidation of methacrolein(MAL)to methacrylic acid(MAA).Hydrothermal tre...Heteropolyacid nanoparticles(NPs)were supported on Cs-modified three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)SiO2 and used as the catalyst for the oxidation of methacrolein(MAL)to methacrylic acid(MAA).Hydrothermal treatment and incipient wetness impregnation were employed respectively for the Cs-modification.It was found that hydrothermal Cs-modification of 3DOM SiO2 promoted the dispersion of the supported heteropolyacid,which showed an average particle size of 5.2 nm,much smaller than that(17.6 nm)on the Csmodified 3DOM SiO2 prepared by incipient wetness impregnation.The effects of hydrothermal treatment on the structure and catalytic performance of the catalyst were investigated.Results showed that the ion exchange between Cs+and the surface silanol groups on 3DOM SiO2 was promoted with the increase of the hydrothermal temperature.Meanwhile,Cs-modification helped the heteropolyacid to retain intact Keggin structure,inhibiting the formation of MoO3.Highly dispersed heteropolyacid NPs with enhanced structural stability exhibited excellent selectivity to MAA in the oxidation of MAL.展开更多
The catalytic dehydrocyclization of n-hexane was studied here for the first time using a number of compounds based on H3PMo12O40. The described catalysts were prepared by either replacing the acidic proton with counte...The catalytic dehydrocyclization of n-hexane was studied here for the first time using a number of compounds based on H3PMo12O40. The described catalysts were prepared by either replacing the acidic proton with counter-ions such as ammonium or transition metal cations (NH4+, Fe3+, K+), or by replacing Mo6+ with (Ni3+, Co3+, Mn3+) in the polyoxometalate framework, as reported earlier. For comparison purposes, the known (TBA)7PW11O39 catalyst system was used. All reactions were conducted at different temperatures in the range 200 - 450. The Keggin structure of these heteropolycompounds was ascertained by XRD, UV and IR measurements. 31P NMR measurements and thermal behaviour of the prepared catalysts were also studied. These modified polyoxometalates exhibited heterogeneous superacidic catalytic activities in dehydrocyclization of n-hexane into benzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexene and cyclohexadiene. The catalysts obtained by substituting the acidic proton or coordination atom exhibited higher selectivity and stability than the parent compound H3PMo12O40. Catalytic activity and selectivity were heavily dependent on the composition of the catalyst and on the reaction conditions. At higher temperatures, the catalyst exhibited higher conversion efficiency at the expense of selectivity. Using higher temperatures (>400) in the presence of hydrogen carrier gas, selectivity towards dehydrocyclization ceased and methane dominated. To explain the results, a plausible mechanism is presented, based on super-acidic nature of the catalyst systems.展开更多
基金This work was supported in part by the Combined Project between the Educational Commission and the Economic Com-mission of Gansu Province (No. 99CX-04)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province (No. 3ZS041-A25-028),the Invention Project of Science & Technology, China (No. KJCXGC-01, NWNU).
文摘Tungstophosphoric acid （HPW） catalyst supported on the neural alumina was studied. It was prepared by means of an equilibrium and incipient wetness impregnation technique. Solution of HPW in 50% V/V ethanol-water was used to impregnate Al2O3 at 25℃. It was found that the catalyst containing 30% PW by calcination at 500℃ showed a higher catalytic activity in the synthesis of acetals and/or ketals. In the following condition, that is, the molar ratio of aldehyde/ketone to glycol being 1：1.5, the mass fraction of the catalyst used was 0.5%, and the reaction time was 1.0 h; the yields of ketals and acetals could reach up to 60.5%-86.7%. Moreover, it could be easily recovered and reused.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21206179)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2018MB033)。
文摘Heteropolyacid nanoparticles(NPs)were supported on Cs-modified three-dimensionally ordered macroporous(3DOM)SiO2 and used as the catalyst for the oxidation of methacrolein(MAL)to methacrylic acid(MAA).Hydrothermal treatment and incipient wetness impregnation were employed respectively for the Cs-modification.It was found that hydrothermal Cs-modification of 3DOM SiO2 promoted the dispersion of the supported heteropolyacid,which showed an average particle size of 5.2 nm,much smaller than that(17.6 nm)on the Csmodified 3DOM SiO2 prepared by incipient wetness impregnation.The effects of hydrothermal treatment on the structure and catalytic performance of the catalyst were investigated.Results showed that the ion exchange between Cs+and the surface silanol groups on 3DOM SiO2 was promoted with the increase of the hydrothermal temperature.Meanwhile,Cs-modification helped the heteropolyacid to retain intact Keggin structure,inhibiting the formation of MoO3.Highly dispersed heteropolyacid NPs with enhanced structural stability exhibited excellent selectivity to MAA in the oxidation of MAL.
文摘The catalytic dehydrocyclization of n-hexane was studied here for the first time using a number of compounds based on H3PMo12O40. The described catalysts were prepared by either replacing the acidic proton with counter-ions such as ammonium or transition metal cations (NH4+, Fe3+, K+), or by replacing Mo6+ with (Ni3+, Co3+, Mn3+) in the polyoxometalate framework, as reported earlier. For comparison purposes, the known (TBA)7PW11O39 catalyst system was used. All reactions were conducted at different temperatures in the range 200 - 450. The Keggin structure of these heteropolycompounds was ascertained by XRD, UV and IR measurements. 31P NMR measurements and thermal behaviour of the prepared catalysts were also studied. These modified polyoxometalates exhibited heterogeneous superacidic catalytic activities in dehydrocyclization of n-hexane into benzene, cyclohexane, cyclohexene and cyclohexadiene. The catalysts obtained by substituting the acidic proton or coordination atom exhibited higher selectivity and stability than the parent compound H3PMo12O40. Catalytic activity and selectivity were heavily dependent on the composition of the catalyst and on the reaction conditions. At higher temperatures, the catalyst exhibited higher conversion efficiency at the expense of selectivity. Using higher temperatures (>400) in the presence of hydrogen carrier gas, selectivity towards dehydrocyclization ceased and methane dominated. To explain the results, a plausible mechanism is presented, based on super-acidic nature of the catalyst systems.
