Variable stiffness tuned particle dampers for vibration control of cantilever boring bars

This research proposes a novel type of variable stiffness tuned particle damper(TPD)for reducing vibrations in boring bars.The TPD integrates the developments of particle damping and dynamical vibration absorber,whose frequency tuning principle is established through an equivalent theoretical model.Based on the multiphase flow theory of gas-solid,it is effective to obtain the equivalent damping and stiffness of the particle damping.The dynamic equations of the coupled system,consisting of a boring bar with the TPD,are built by Hamilton’s principle.The vibration suppression of the TPD is assessed by calculating the amplitude responses of the boring bar both with and without the TPD by the Newmark-beta algorithm.Moreover,an improvement is proposed to the existing gas-solid flow theory,and a comparative analysis of introducing the stiffness term on the damping effect is presented.The parameters of the TPD are optimized by the genetic algorithm,and the results indicate that the optimized TPD effectively reduces the peak response of the boring bar system.

Semiactive variable stiffness control for parametric vibration of cables

In this paper, a semiactive variable stiffness （SVS） device is used to decrease cable oscillations caused by parametric excitation, and the equation of motion of the parametric vibration of the cable with this SVS device is presented. The ON/OFF control algorithm is used to operate the SVS control device. The vibration response of the cable with the SVS device is numerically studied for a variety of additional stiffness combinations in both the frequency and time domains and for both parametric and classical resonance vibration conditions. The numerical studies further consider the cable sag effect. From the numerical results, it is shown that the SVS device effectively suppresses the cable resonance vibration response, and as the stiffness of the device increases, the device achieves greater suppression of vibration. Moreover, it was shown that the SVS device increases the critical axial displacement of the excitation under cable parametric vibration conditions.

Vibration control of flexible spacecraft actuated by piezoceramics via variable structure strategy

This paper presented a hybrid control scheme to vibration reduction of flexible spacecraft during rotational maneuver by using variable structure output feedback control （VSOFC） and piezoelectric materials. The control configuration included the attitude controller based on VSOFC method and vibration attenuator designed by constant-gain negative velocity feedback control. The attitude controller consisted of a linear feedback term and a discontinuous feedback term. With the presence of this attitude controller, an additional flexible control system acting on the flexible parts can be designed for vibration control. Compared with conventional proportional-derivative （PD） control, the developed control scheme guarantees not only the stability of the closed-loop system, but also yields better performance and robustness in the presence of parametric uncertainties and externai disturbance. Simulation results are presented for the spacecraft model to show the effectiveness of the proposed control techniques.

Active micro-vibration control based on improved variable step size LMS algorithm

The contradiction of variable step size least mean square(LMS)algorithm between fast convergence speed and small steady-state error has always existed.So,a new algorithm based on the combination of logarithmic and symbolic function and step size factor is proposed.It establishes a new updating method of step factor that is related to step factor and error signal.This work makes an analysis from 3 aspects:theoretical analysis,theoretical verification and specific experiments.The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is superior to other variable step size algorithms in convergence speed and steady-state error.

Variable structure attitude maneuver and vibration control of flexible spacecraft

A dual-stage control system design method is presented for the three-axis-rotational maneuver and vibration stabilization of a spacecraft with flexible appendages embedded with piezoceramics as sensor and actuator. In this design approach, the attitude control and the vibration suppression sub-systems are designed separately using the lower order model. The design of attitude controller is based on the variable structure control (VSC) theory leading to a discontinuous control law. This controller accomplishes asymptotic attitude maneuvering in the closed-loop system and is insensitive to the interaction of elastic modes and uncertainty in the system. To actively suppress the flexible vibrations, the modal velocity feedback control method is presented by using piezoelectric materials as additional sensor and actuator bonded on the surface of the flexible appendages. In addition, a special configuration of actuators for three-axis attitude control is also investigated: the pitch attitude controlled by a momentum wheel, and the roll/yaw control achieved by on-off thrusters, which is modulated by pulse width pulse frequency modulation technique to construct the proper control torque history. Numerical simulations performed show that the rotational maneuver and vibration suppression are accomplished in spite of the presence of disturbance torque and parameter uncertainty.

Semi-active Control with Variable Damper for Pier-Beam Transversal Vibration

In this paper, the method of semi-active control with variable damper is presented to deal with the relatively poor transversal seismic condition of bridge. Based on the LQR control algorithm the control effectiveness for transverse vibration of pier-beam structure of bridge are discussed. Taking the structure as a multiple-degree of freedom system, the calculating model of structure-variable damper system is set up and the differential equation is derived, combined with practical example the control system is simulated and studied by various semi-active control algorithms and passive strategy with MATLAB. The results show that the semi-active control with variable damper can decrease the transverse vibration effectively and the control effect is obvious.

Design and analysis of a two-dimensional vibration control mechanism based on vibro-impact damping

The robotic drilling always generates the axial vibration along the drill bit and the torsional vibration around the drill bit,which will adversely affect the drilling precision.A vibration control mechanism fixed between the end-effector and the robot is proposed,which can suppress the axial and torsional vibrations based on the principle of vibro-impact(VI)damping.The energy dissipation of the system by vibro-impact damping is analyzed.Then,the influence of the structure parameters on the vibration attenuation effect is studied,and a semi-active vibration control method of variable collision clearance is presented.The simulation results show that the control method has effective vibration control performance.

Improved Fx-VSSLMS algorithm for active vibration control of smart cantilever beam

Filtered-x least mean square(Fx-LMS) algorithm is popular in many adaptive processes. As its contradiction between convergence speed and stead-state error, the improvements of Fx-LMS algorithm with variable step size(VSS) have been developed. To strengthen the robustness of variable step size least mean square(VSSLMS) algorithms to noise disturbance in active vibration control(AVC) application, nine VSSLMS algorithms are introduced in detail. Then an improved VSSLMS algorithm is proposed for better performance. At last, the performance of these VSSLMS algorithms are compared in AVC experimental system with different noise level. The experimental results verifies the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed VSSLMS algorithm in AVC application.

MRE耗能阻尼器力学性能及半主动控制分析

根据磁流变弹性体(magnetorheological elastomer,简称MRE)的可调力学特性提出了基于MRE的新型耗能阻尼器,并对制备完成的硅橡胶基磁流变弹性体及阻尼器分别进行力学性能试验。利用Matlab/Simulink对各层均装有MRE阻尼器的7层框架结构进行建模仿真分析,将被动控制与基于半主动控制策略的经典最优控制和序列最优控制进行比较。力学测试结果表明:MRE在0~500 mT磁感应强度下其剪切模量变化值达到132.43 kPa,磁流变效应约提高274%;增大加载幅值和加载速率,均能提高MRE阻尼器的力学性能;对阻尼器施加电流激励,在0~10 A增大过程中其等效刚度和阻尼可以实现连续可调。仿真结果表明:基于MRE阻尼器的半主动控制系统可以有效减小结构在地震作用下的响应,3种控制均能对结构动力响应起到良好的控制效果,其中序列最优控制算法的控制效果最为显著且精确度更高;系统在实际测试中需考虑多方面因素影响,尽可能减小误差。

Independent modal variable structure fuzzy active vibration control of thin plates laminated with photostrictive actuators

Photostrictive actuators can produce photodeformation strains under illumination of ultraviolet lights. They can realize non-contact micro-actuation and vibration control for elastic plate structures. Considering the switching actuation and nonlinear dynamic characteristics of photostrictive actuators, a variable structure fuzzy active control scheme is presented to control the light intensity applied to the actuators. Firstly, independent modal vibration control equations of photoelectric laminated plates are established based on modal analysis techniques. Then, the optimal light switching function is derived to increase the range of sliding modal area, and the light intensity self-adjusting fuzzy active controller is designed. Meanwhile, a continuous function is applied to replace a sign function to reduce the variable structure control （VSC） chattering. Finally, numerical simulation is carried out, and simulation results indicate that the proposed control strategy provides better performance and control effect to plate actuation and control than velocity feedback control, and suppresses vibration effectively.

超高层办公建筑暖通空调系统噪声控制分析

营造良好的室内声环境对人员身心健康至关重要。本文以某超高层办公楼为研究对象,分析了超高层办公建筑声学方面的特点、典型暖通空调系统的噪声传递途径;针对办公楼层剖析了声源降噪、隔绝机房噪声、办公区内空调末端及管道的噪声控制措施,并针对机电层的不同设备区域提出了相应的隔振、隔声、降噪做法。

基于SMA支承的转子振动控制方法与试验研究

提出了基于形状记忆合金(shape memory alloy,SMA)可控刚度支承的转子系统过临界转速振动控制方法,并试验验证了其有效性。首先,通过对SMA弹簧开展刚度测试得到弹簧的变刚度特性,建立SMA弹簧温度-刚度模型,设计了SMA变刚度支承结构。然后,提出了一种基于变刚度支承的转子系统振动响应控制方法,以带有多个变刚度支承的柔性转子系统为例,对支承的变刚度策略进行优化设计。最后,开展了基于SMA可控刚度支承的转子系统振动控制试验,过1、2阶临界最大振幅减振率分别可达到39.84%和57.93%,验证了转子系统支承刚度变化策略对过临界转速时振动抑制的有效性。

可靠性驱动下的机械元动作单元变论域自适应模糊PID振动控制系统研究

机械元动作装配单元可靠性是整机功能可靠性的重要构成,元动作单元工作过程中振动异常是导致其故障频发的重要因素。因此,采取有效的振动控制策略对降低元动作单元运行故障、提高单元可靠性和整机性能具有良好的工程意义。结合主动控制思想采用简易、精准的作动装置建立了一种智能的振动控制系统。为了提升控制系统中智能位移作动器的进给精度,设计了变论域自适应模糊PID控制器,并通过仿真分析了控制系统的可行性。仿真结果表明,变论域自适应模糊PID控制器下的系统响应具有极低的超调量、较少调整时间和趋于零的稳态误差。此项研究为提高机械产品使用可靠性提供了一种新的振动控制技术手段。

可变重心线路巡检机器人摆振分析及抑制

针对野外输电线巡检机器人(power transmission line inspection robot,PTLIR)受自然风影响出现的机身摆动问题,提出一种在机器人的可变重心箱体中加装摆式动力吸振器(dynamic vibration absorber,DVA)的摆振抑制策略。描述了输电线系统与巡检机器人加装摆式动力吸振器的结构特点。基于Davenport风速谱与输电线系统的特点建立了风扰动模型。分析了机器人行走对输电线的影响,建立了简化后风扰动影响下机器人摆动的动力学模型,仿真了抑振前机器人在风扰动影响下的风振响应;基于拉格朗日方程建立了加装动力吸振器优化后的巡检机器人动力学模型,并完成了吸振器的参数设计。通过仿真不同风速下机器人的风振响应,验证所提出的振动抑制策略的有效性。基于改进结构下的巡检机器人样机,开展了室内风扰动试验。结果表明,所提出的吸振器抑振策略可在一定程度上抑制机器人的机身摆动,提高工作稳定性。该研究过程对其他摆式结构设备的振动抑制具有一定的参考价值。

基于电磁调控阻尼器的拉索减振方法研究

目的提出拉索多阶耦合振动问题的解决方法,为解决该类工程问题提供参考。方法设计电磁调控阻尼器,并提出相应减振方法用于抑制拉索的多阶耦合振动;为验证该电磁调控阻尼器的广谱减振性能,针对模型索设计了包括单阶和耦合振动在内的多种试验,并将试验结果与传统黏滞阻尼器的试验结果进行对比。结果在单阶振动问题中,该电磁调控阻尼器能够实现在更宽频率范围内对拉索振动进行减振;在多阶耦合振动问题中,该电磁调控阻尼器能够实现对主振动模态的目标识别与控制。结论利用电磁调控装置驱动相应的阻尼元件介入振动系统,实现对拉索主振动模态的实时控制,是抑制拉索多阶耦合振动的有效途径。

基于BP-NSGA-Ⅱ优化的高速电梯轿厢水平振动变论域模糊PID控制

针对影响高速电梯乘坐舒适性和安全性的轿厢水平振动问题,提出一种基于反向传播(Backpropagation,BP)神经网络和非支配排序遗传算法-Ⅱ(Non-dominant Sorting Genetic Algorithm-Ⅱ,NSGA-Ⅱ)的变论域模糊PID控制方法。首先建立基于达朗贝尔原理的轿厢动力学模型,其次在传统变论域模糊PID控制的基础上建立以量化因子作为输入,轿厢水平振动加速度均方根和位移均方根作为输出的BP神经网络模型,最后将该模型作为NSGA-Ⅱ算法的适应度函数,通过NSGA-Ⅱ算法优化量化因子来提高系统控制精度。仿真分析结果表明:基于BP神经网络和NSGA-Ⅱ算法的变论域模糊PID控制方法对轿厢水平振动的抑制效果优于变论域模糊PID控制方法。

基于变刚度的自动制孔末端执行器半主动振动控制方法研究

自动制孔机器人末端执行器在制孔过程中会产生轴向振动,甚至会引起机体颤振,导致制孔精度降低,因此提出一种变刚度半主动振动控制方法。首先在分析各参数对振动控制器绝对位移传递率影响的基础上,优化了无扰动情况下的被动系统参数,并对其振动控制效果进行了仿真;然后运用绝对位移传递率图像特征分析法,获得激励频率与位移传递率的关系,通过调节吸振器刚度,使振动控制器的位移传递率随激励频率变化保持在最佳状态;最后运用MATLAB仿真验证了该方法的可行性。

形状记忆合金弹簧隔振系统主动控制实验设计

为探索振动系统在结构和参数变化时的实验现象和实验特征,基于被动隔振实验台,设计了具有弹簧温度和激振频率自动采集功能的形状记忆合金弹簧变阻尼主动控制系统,对形状记忆合金弹簧的刚度和阻尼随温度变化的振动特性进行分析。结果表明,在不同激振频率下,形状记忆合金弹簧阻尼比随着温度的升高而增大,刚度随着温度的升高而降低。通过弹簧温度自动调节对隔振系统进行控制,从而实现形状记忆合金弹簧的变频动态减振。该研究结果可用于形状记忆合金弹簧在特定载荷下的减振特性标定。

多频未知时变扰动下的结构微振动鲁棒自适应控制

本文针对多频窄带未知和时变扰动,基于内模原理和Y-K参数化方法,提出一种反馈鲁棒自适应振动的主动控制算法。该算法通过设计PID中央鲁棒控制器,有效解决了次级通道模型未知情况下的鲁棒控制器参数设计问题。同时提出一种变步长最小均方(Variable Step Size Least Mean Square,VSSLMS)方法,可以在保证稳态误差的基础上大幅提升收敛速度,并通过系统辨识实验验证了所提VSSLMS方法相较于其他VSSLMS算法在收敛性能上的优越性。通过结构微振动主动控制实时实验,对比验证了单独采用滤波x最小均方(Least Mean Square,LMS)自适应控制算法、基于LMS算法的鲁棒自适应控制算法和基于VSSLMS算法的鲁棒自适应控制算法的抑振效果。实验结果表明,本文基于VSSLMS算法的鲁棒自适应控制算法在面向双频正弦窄带扰动以及其频谱、幅值突变情况时,都具有较好的收敛性和鲁棒性。

电磁轴承支承的船舶推进轴系纵向振动变刚度控制方法研究

船舶推进轴系纵向非定常激励激发壳体结构振动和辐射噪声,严重影响航行隐蔽性。针对这一问题,结合电磁轴承支承特性主动可控优势,首先提出了一种采用电磁轴承支承的推进轴系结构,然后推导了含推力电磁轴承结构及控制参数的轴系纵向振动频率方程,最后提出了一种基于纵向激励频率的变刚度控制方法。仿真结果表明,在推力电磁轴承可变等效刚度范围内,增大控制器比例系数,可有效提高轴系一阶纵向固有频率,对高阶纵向固有频率影响不大;轴系在不同转速下工作时可以选用不同比例系数,实时调节轴系纵向振动传递特性,有效减小纵向激励向壳体传递。