Active Fault Tolerant Nonsingular Terminal Sliding Mode Control for Electromechanical System Based on Support Vector Machine

Effective fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control method for aeronautics electromechanical actuator is concerned in this paper.By borrowing the advantages of model-driven and data-driven methods,a fault tolerant nonsingular terminal sliding mode control method based on support vector machine(SVM)is proposed.A SVM is designed to estimate the fault by off-line learning from small sample data with solving convex quadratic programming method and is introduced into a high-gain observer,so as to improve the state estimation and fault detection accuracy when the fault occurs.The state estimation value of the observer is used for state reconfiguration.A novel nonsingular terminal sliding mode surface is designed,and Lyapunov theorem is used to derive a parameter adaptation law and a control law.It is guaranteed that the proposed controller can achieve asymptotical stability which is superior to many advanced fault-tolerant controllers.In addition,the parameter estimation also can help to diagnose the system faults because the faults can be reflected by the parameters variation.Extensive comparative simulation and experimental results illustrate the effectiveness and advancement of the proposed controller compared with several other main-stream controllers.

Indirect Vector Control of Linear Induction Motors Using Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation

Vector control schemes have recently been used to drive linear induction motors(LIM)in high-performance applications.This trend promotes the development of precise and efficient control schemes for individual motors.This research aims to present a novel framework for speed and thrust force control of LIM using space vector pulse width modulation(SVPWM)inverters.The framework under consideration is developed in four stages.To begin,MATLAB Simulink was used to develop a detailed mathematical and electromechanical dynamicmodel.The research presents a modified SVPWM inverter control scheme.By tuning the proportional-integral(PI)controller with a transfer function,optimized values for the PI controller are derived.All the subsystems mentioned above are integrated to create a robust simulation of the LIM’s precise speed and thrust force control scheme.The reference speed values were chosen to evaluate the performance of the respective system,and the developed system’s response was verified using various data sets.For the low-speed range,a reference value of 10m/s is used,while a reference value of 100 m/s is used for the high-speed range.The speed output response indicates that themotor reached reference speed in amatter of seconds,as the delay time is between 8 and 10 s.The maximum amplitude of thrust achieved is less than 400N,demonstrating the controller’s capability to control a high-speed LIM with minimal thrust ripple.Due to the controlled speed range,the developed system is highly recommended for low-speed and high-speed and heavy-duty traction applications.

基于C2000新型DSP的电气传动系统设计

永磁同步电机高效率、高功率密度、良好的转矩性能和易于控制等优点在工业自动化、汽车、航空航天、家用电器等领域发挥着重要作用。然而,在电气传动领域不仅需要精确地控制其运行状态,还需具备复杂的工业通信和人机接口。传统电气传动大多采用比例积分环节进行速度控制,会存在积分器饱和问题,扰动消失后,积分响应变慢;复杂的工业通信和人机接口需要占用大量的芯片资源和芯片IO,导致控制成本居高不下。通过对传统的比例积分器进行改进,引入输出前馈控制,解决由于积分器饱和带来的响应延迟,并通过改进外部通信协议和外部人机交互接口硬件电路,解决了传统传动系统设计只能通过增加芯片数量来解决资源和IO占用问题。改进后的系统可以在单芯片280039C DSP上完成全部功能,由于不存在芯片间通信,通信速率和响应速度都大幅提升,现场使用情况良好。

Human Habitats and Malaria Vector Control in Benin: Current Situation and Implications for Effective Control

Long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) are the main indoor malaria vector tools control tools. The study examined housing characteristics and investigated the relationship between the total volume of household possessions, the volume of the sleeping room, and the hanging of LLINs. A total of 831 bedrooms were randomly selected in Benin in 2015. The findings showed that mud walls were predominant in rural areas (more than 75%), while metal roofs were common (77.3% - 97.9%). Battery-powered lighting was prevalent in rural areas in Northern (97%), while open-flame oil lamps were commonly used in rural areas in Southern (86%). The availability of correct bedding was low, ranging from 1% to 10% in all households. 20% of the bedrooms had at least 50% of their volume occupied by household possessions in urban areas. In rural areas, bedrooms without LLINs had a lower mean rate ratio of the volume occupied by possessions per the total volume of the room compared to bedrooms with at least one LLIN installed (p < 0.0001). The characteristics of human habitats are not favourable to the correct use of vector control intervention indoors. It is therefore important to improve people’s living conditions as the next step for malaria elimination.

Evaluation of Malaria Transmission and Vector Control Strategies in the Dry Season in the Cotonou V Health Zone, Benin, West Africa

The anarchic urbanization of certain African cities favors the multiplication of the malaria parasite. Thus, the urgent mobilization of African cities is essential to combat this health risk. It is, therefore, with the objective of contributing to the investigation of problem areas that the present study evaluates malaria transmission and vector control strategies in the Cotonou V health zone in particular. This is a cross-sectional study taking into account four neighborhoods, including Wologuèdè, Sainte Rita, Gbèdjromèdé and the area around Etoile Rouge. Two nocturnal captures on voluntary humans and the method of spray were carried out in the dry season from December 2021 to February 2022. On the captured Anopheles, the ELISA Circum-Sporozoite Protein test was performed to determine the infectivity and calculate some transmission parameters. Finally, we conducted a survey using the second stage sampling method with one step to ask selected households about their knowledge of vector control methods, their use and the physical integrity of LLINs. We collected 2386 culicidae of which the majority was Culex quinquefasciatus. After the ELISA test, the 29 Anopheles tested, showed no infectivity, i.e. an EIR of 0 pi/h/n. In addition, 99% of the populations in the Cotonou V area use LLINs to protect themselves. However, coils, door and window screens, aerosol sprays, skin and household repellents, and periodic indoor spraying were used. Finally, the majority of nets observed had T1 tears, but there were also T2, T3 and T4 nets (P-value = 0.0). This study confirms that malaria transmission during the dry season in the Cotonou V health zone is almost negligible but not non-existent. Also, populations are exposed to the nuisance of Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes continuously throughout the year.

基于DSP+FPGA的旋转平台自抗扰控制方法

旋转平台在低速运转过程中易产生非线性摩擦,由于非线性因素的影响,传统PID算法的控制效果远不能满足超精密运动平台定位精度高、响应快速等要求。因此,设计了基于DSP+FPGA的旋转平台自抗扰控制算法(active disturbance rejection control,ADRC),利用扩张状态观测器(extend states observer,ESO)对系统内外部未知扰动进行实时估计并予以补偿,提升系统响应速度,增强鲁棒性与抗干扰能力。最后,通过正弦扫描实验进行验证,PID对正弦输入信号无法及时响应,超调明显;ADRC响应迅速,稳态误差波动小。相比PID,ADRC最大跟踪误差降低79.5%,跟踪误差平均值降低65.4%。

面向HKSEDSPC6713系列DSP的主动噪声控制系统设计

微处理器芯片的生态建设是高端装备与智能微系统自主、可控的关键,尽管国产数字信号处理(digital signal processing, DSP)器件及其相关开发应用技术近年来得到了一定的发展,但与需求仍存在较大差距。在主动噪声控制领域,前馈型多通道控制方案比单通道有较大的控制范围和较好的性能,但对系统的运算能力有较高的要求。文章以多通道FxLMS算法为基础,对多通道降噪系统的运算量进行了分析,依据国产DSP开发板的电路结构,设计了控制系统方案,并进行了实验研究。实验表明,所设计的噪声控制系统运算效率较ARM作为运算器提高了80%,对100~1 000 Hz内的周期性噪声信号衰减达到15~20 dB,证明了该方案的正确性。

基于DSP的锂电池充电供电控制系统设计

为满足电力机车在无电区的供电需求,同时兼顾锂电池(磷酸铁锂)的自动充电、供电要求和环境温度要求,本文在锂电池的充电和供电的需求基础上,设计了基于DSP的锂电池控制系统,对控制系统的总体设计、硬件电路、控制算法和程序等进行介绍,实现了锂电池充电以及供电的自动化运行策略。实验证明:本文设计的锂电池控制系统可有效满足锂电池充电和供电的要求,具有较好的实用性和可靠性。

Complete-basis-reprogrammable coding metasurface for generating dynamicallycontrolled holograms under arbitrary polarization states

Reprogrammable metasurfaces,which establish a fascinating bridge between physical and information domains,can dynamically control electromagnetic(EM)waves in real time and thus have attracted great attentions from researchers around the world.To control EM waves with an arbitrary polarization state,it is desirable that a complete set of basis states be controlled independently since incident EM waves with an arbitrary polarization state can be decomposed as a linear sum of these basis states.In this work,we present the concept of complete-basis-reprogrammable coding metasurface(CBR-CM)in reflective manners,which can achieve independently dynamic controls over the reflection phases while maintaining the same amplitude for left-handed circularly polarized(LCP)waves and right-handed circularly polarized(RCP)waves.Since LCP and RCP waves together constitute a complete basis set of planar EM waves,dynamicallycontrolled holograms can be generated under arbitrarily polarized wave incidence.The dynamically reconfigurable metaparticle is implemented to demonstrate the CBR-CM’s robust capability of controlling the longitudinal and transverse positions of holograms under LCP and RCP waves independently.It’s expected that the proposed CBR-CM opens up ways of realizing more sophisticated and advanced devices with multiple independent information channels,which may provide technical assistance for digital EM environment reproduction.

A New Method for Deriving High-Vertical-Resolution Wind Vector Data from the L-Band Radar Sounding System in China

High-vertical-resolution radiosonde wind data are highly valuable for describing the dynamics of the meso-and microscale atmosphere. However, the current algorithm used in China's L-band radar sounding system for calculating highvertical-resolution wind vectors excessively smooths the data, resulting in significant underestimation of the calculated kinetic energy of gravity waves compared to similar products from other countries, which greatly limits the effective utilization of the data. To address this issue, this study proposes a novel method to calculate high-vertical-resolution wind vectors that utilizes the elevation angle, azimuth angle, and slant range from L-band radar. In order to obtain wind data with a stable quality, a two-step automatic quality control procedure, including the RMSE-F(root-mean-square error F) test and elemental consistency test are first applied to the slant range data, to eliminate continuous erroneous data caused by unstable signals or radar malfunctions. Then, a wind calculation scheme based on a sliding second-order polynomial fitting is utilized to derive the high-vertical-resolution radiosonde wind vectors. The evaluation results demonstrate that the wind data obtained through the proposed method show a high level of consistency with the high-resolution wind data observed using the Vaisala Global Positioning System and the data observed by the new Beidou Navigation Sounding System. The calculation of the kinetic energy of gravity waves in the recalculated wind data also reaches a level comparable to the Vaisala observations.

Demagnetization Analysis and Velocity Tracking Control of In-wheel Motor

The error caused by irreversible demagnetization damages the accurate velocity tracking of an in-wheel motor in a mobile robot.A current feedforward vector control system based on ESO is proposed to compensate it for the demagnetization motor.A demagnetization mathematical model is established to describe a permanent magnet synchronous motor,which took the change of permanent magnet flux linkage parameters as a factor to count the demagnetization error in velocity tracking.The uncertain disturbance estimation model of the control system is built based on ESO,which eliminates the system error by the feedforward current compensation.It is compared with the vector control method in terms of control accuracy.The simulation results show that the current feedforward vector control method based on ESO reduces the velocity tracking error greatly in conditions of motor demagnetization less than 30%.It is effective to improve the operation accuracy of the mobile robot.

Controller Design for Induction and Brushless Motors Using Matlab with Digital Signal Processor (DSP)

The automation process is a very important pillar for Industry 4.0.One of the first steps is the control of motors to improve production efficiency and generate energy savings.In mass production industries,techniques such as digital signal processing(DSP)systems are implemented to control motors.These systems are efficient but very expensive for certain applications.From this arises the need for a controller capable of handling AC and DC motors that improves efficiency and maintains low energy consumption.This project presents the design of an adaptive control system for brushless AC induction and DC motors,which is functional to any type of plant in the industry.The design was possible by implementing Matlab software and tools such as digital signal processor(DSP)and Simulink.Through an extensive investigation of the state of the art,three models needed to represent the control system have been specified.The first model for the AC motor,the second for the DC motor and the third for the DSP control;this is done in this way so that the probability of failure is lower.Subsequently,these models have been programmed in Simulink,integrating the three main models into one.In this way,the design of a controller for use in AC induction motors,specifically squirrel cage and brushless DC motors,has been achieved.The final model represents a response time of 0.25 seconds,which is optimal for this type of application,where response times of 2e-3 to 3 seconds are expected.

Enhanced Fuzzy Logic Control Model and Sliding Mode Based on Field Oriented Control of Induction Motor

In the context of induction motor control, there are various control strategies used to separately control torque and flux. One common approach is known as Field-Oriented Control (FOC). This technique involves transforming the three-phase currents and voltages into a rotating reference frame, commonly referred to as the “dq” frame. In this frame, the torque/speed and flux components are decoupled, allowing for independent control, by doing so, the motor’s speed can be regulated accurately and maintain a constant flux which is crucial to ensure optimal motor performance and efficiency. The research focused on studying and simulating a field-oriented control system using fuzzy control techniques for an induction motor. The aim was to address the issue of parameter variations, particularly the change in rotor resistance during motor operation, which causes the control system to deviate from the desired direction. This deviation implies to an increase in the magnetic flux value, specifically the flux component on the q-axis. By employing fuzzy logic techniques to regulate flux vector’s components in the dq frame, this problem was successfully resolved, ensuring that the magnetic flux value remains within the nominal limits. To enhance the control system’s performance, response speed, and efficiency of the motor, sliding mode controllers were implemented to regulate the current in the inner loop. The simulation results demonstrated the proficiency of the proposed methodology.

基于DSP的船舶航行自动控制研究

为提高航行的安全性,通过自动化装置的应用,使船舶能够更好地适应各种复杂的航行环境和任务要求,研究基于DSP的船舶航行自动控制方法。该方法先建立船舶航行非线性数学模型,运用该模型获得船舶在海上航行的横摇、纵摇和艏摇三自由度数据,再以DSP为基础,建立船舶航行控制器,在该控制器的逻辑处理模块将船舶航行非线性数学模型输出结果分别输入到PID优化算法与CMAC神经网络模型内,通过该2个算法得到综合船舶航行自动控制最终参数,并使用DSP模块内PWM和ADC模块将控制参数输入到船舶航行驱动模块内,实现船舶航行自动控制。实验表明,该方法建立的船舶航行非线性数学模型具备较强的有效性,可实现船舶舵角的控制和航向控制,且其控制船舶航行超调量较小,灵敏性好。

基于DSP的ETS电源控保系统设计

本文针对ETS高压电源设计了一套集通信、数据采集、故障报警、输出控制为一体的控制保护系统,以DSP28335作为主控制芯片,电源系统内部采用CAN总线通信架构,完成对4路高压电源模块、1路低压恒压源模块的协同控制,实现了电源系统的可靠控制和准确输出,保证了电源监控的实时性和可靠性。

基于CEVA-XC4500 DSP平台5G-LDPC码编码实现

低密度奇偶校验(Low-Density Parity-Check,LDPC)码是第五代移动通信技术(5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology,5G)系统采用的信道编码技术之一,用于业务信道高速数据传输,具有很强的抗干扰能力和纠错能力。5G-LDPC码编译码在嵌入式平台的实现是一个值得关注的研究方向。CEVA-XC4500数字信号处理(Digital Signal Processing,DSP)芯片具有极低功耗、高密度计算、集成了超长指令字(Very Long Instruction Word,VLIW)和单指令多数据(Single Instruction Multiple Data,SIMD)矢量功能的特点。针对CEVA-XC4500 DSP矢量汇编指令和内联指令集的特点,提出一系列针对5G-LDPC码编码的代码优化方法,使其满足5G-LDPC码编码工程应用指标要求。仿真结果表明,优化后的5G-LDPC码编码在CEVA-XC4500 DSP内核上表现良好,中长块编码吞吐率超过100 Mb/s、核心矩阵吞吐率超过1 Gb/s,最大吞吐率达到250 Mb/s、最大核心矩阵吞吐率达到1.6 Gb/s。如果CEVA-XC4500 DSP芯片的最大数据位宽将来能进一步增大,吞吐率可以做得更好。该5G-LDPC码编码的代码优化方法为其他信道编码在类似嵌入式平台的实现提供了参考。

基于DSP的进给机构探测测试系统的设计

针对目前大量的复杂环境探测实验的进行,该文介绍了一种基于ARM+FPGA+DSP的测试系统总控单元的设计与实现方案。总控单元部分采用了自顶向下两级测控系统的技术路线,以测试流程控制模块为主,采集存储模块与进给机构控制模块为辅,从模块功能上划分了控制界面,增强了时效性,且避免了底层控制模块产生的故障对主流程的影响。通过上位机软件开发的人机交互界面,用于工况参数配置,数据显示和分析。该文主要介绍了基于DSP的进给机构控制系统的硬件设计和软件设计,通过编码器脉冲算法提高了进给机构控制精度。该设计方案精度高、稳定性好,可以满足实际工程的需要。

基于DSP的高压直流输电系统自适应触发角补偿控制方法

提出基于DSP的高压直流输电系统自适应触发角补偿控制方法。基于DSP设计出触发角转化系数,该系数能影响后续触发角,进而实现高压直流输电系统自适应触发角补偿控制,提高直流换相的裕度,防止换相失败的发生。所提出的方法经测试可有效减少高压直流输电系统后续换相故障的发生,具有可行性。

基于Dsp的洁净机器人运动控制系统设计

文中针对洁净机器人的运动控制系统设计展开了研究,提出了一种基于DSP的运动控制技术方案。首先对洁净机器人及运动控制系统的基本原理和要求进行了概述,然后分析了国内外洁净机器人运动控制系统的研究现状。接着,详细介绍了基于DSP的控制系统的硬件选型和设计、模块化设计、软件设计以及接口设计,并阐述了控制系统的实现与调试过程。在洁净机器人运动控制算法方面,提出了运动规划与路径规划算法、运动控制算法设计、传感器数据融合与处理算法以及故障处理与安全保护算法设计。

基于DSP的永磁同步抽油机开发

针对开发后期油井面临长冲程、低冲次的开采要求,传统抽油设施需要配套使用减速机,导致传动效率低下,难以达到高效开采目标。鉴于永磁同步电机在交流伺服控制领域的广泛应用及其不断提升的控制性能指标,深入研究其控制技术显得尤为重要。重点研究基于数字信号处理器(DSP)对永磁同步电动机矢量控制策略,实现了速度环的闭环控制。该控制方法通过精确调控电机磁场与电流的相位关系,优化电机运行效率,并显著提升油井开采的启动转矩和整体传输效率。研究成果有望为开发后期油井的高效、节能开采提供新的技术路径与解决方案。