Evaluating RISC-V Vector Instruction Set Architecture Extension with Computer Vision Workloads

Computer vision(CV)algorithms have been extensively used for a myriad of applications nowadays.As the multimedia data are generally well-formatted and regular,it is beneficial to leverage the massive parallel processing power of the underlying platform to improve the performances of CV algorithms.Single Instruction Multiple Data(SIMD)instructions,capable of conducting the same operation on multiple data items in a single instruction,are extensively employed to improve the efficiency of CV algorithms.In this paper,we evaluate the power and effectiveness of RISC-V vector extension(RV-V)on typical CV algorithms,such as Gray Scale,Mean Filter,and Edge Detection.By our examinations,we show that compared with the baseline OpenCV implementation using scalar instructions,the equivalent implementations using the RV-V(version 0.8)can reduce the instruction count of the same CV algorithm up to 24x,when processing the same input images.Whereas,the actual performances improvement measured by the cycle counts is highly related with the specific implementation of the underlying RV-V co-processor.In our evaluation,by using the vector co-processor(with eight execution lanes)of Xuantie C906,vector-version CV algorithms averagely exhibit up to 2.98x performances speedups compared with their scalar counterparts.

晶闸管-电动机系统不对称瞬态建模及解析

快速软投入、软切换等晶闸管-电动机系统中,电动机三相对称、两相不对称瞬态频繁交替出现,对其中三相到两相的过渡过程,本文提出一种基于空间矢量的电动机两相不对称瞬态建模方法。首先,明确三种定子复坐标系的概念,并在原有空间矢量定义的基础上扩充其定义,给出三种空间矢量定义式;其次,分别使用所定义的三种空间矢量,建立电动机三种两相不对称瞬态数学模型;然后,利用空间矢量间的坐标变换和具体两相不对称运行所对应的约束条件,得到使用原有空间矢量定义所描述的有利于各种不对称与对称过渡过程衔接的电动机三种两相不对称瞬态模型;最后,根据所建的电动机空间矢量模型,解析研究空载电动机从三相对称状态过渡到一种两相不对称运行,具体呈现出初值和电源电压对定子瞬态电流的约束,并对该过程进行解析计算,发现解析计算与数值仿真、现场实验结果相吻合,从而证明了基于空间矢量的电动机两相不对称瞬态模型及解析研究的正确性。

垂直螺旋度的拓展研究及应用

垂直螺旋度Hp由垂直速度和垂直涡度构成,反映涡度的垂直平流。通过尝试将Q矢量引入垂直螺旋度进行研究,即基于Q矢量散度和垂直涡度构造出一种新型垂直螺旋度HQ。HQ为Hp的拓展形式,二者差别主要在于计算HQ时无需求解垂直速度。同时,结合一次典型的江淮梅雨锋气旋暴雨过程研究,结果表明,HQ对降水落区及降水强度水平分布的不均匀性均具有较好的反映能力,且揭示出暴雨上空垂直涡度平流呈倾斜分布特征。进一步分析表明,对于垂直涡度而言,HQ三维空间分布特征与辐合的Q矢量散度有更多的相似性,这在一定程度上反映出HQ与Q矢量散度联系更为密切。