Energy-Saving Construction Technologies for Buildings

The development of the construction industry is shifting towards low-carbon construction,so it is necessary to improve and optimize related construction concepts,methods,and processes.By improving resource and energy control efficiency in building projects,minimizing construction waste,and reducing environmental impact,a foundation for the sustainable development of the industry can be established.This paper mainly analyzes the significance of low-carbon energy-saving construction technology and the control factors of construction,summarizes the status quo of the development of building energy-saving construction,and puts forward strategies for applying building energy-saving construction technology.These strategies serve to achieve low-carbon and energy-saving goals to promote the healthy development of energy-saving construction.

Exploration of Energy-Saving Technologies in Building Electrical System Design

Green energy conservation is the mainstream trend in the current development of the construction industry.The application of energy-saving technology in building electrical system design can effectively reduce energy consumption,avoid unnecessary energy consumption,and truly achieve energy conservation and environmental protection.Based on this,the article elaborates on the principles of energy-saving design in building electrical systems,and actively explores the application of energy-saving technologies from different perspectives such as optimizing power supply and distribution system design,adopting high-efficiency energy-saving lighting equipment,applying renewable energy,promoting smart home technology,and improving the efficiency of building electrical equipment.

Application Strategy of PLC Technology in Energy-Saving Control of Tunnel Lighting

In this study,we investigated on the application of planar lightwave circuit(PLC)technology in energy-saving control of tunnel lighting.The application status of PLC in the field of energy saving followed by the necessity of energy saving in tunnel lighting was analyzed.Finally,the application of PLC in tunnel lighting energy-saving control around the three dimensions of system overall architecture design,control scheme,and program control process was investigated.The results showed that the system meets the requirements of control effect,robustness,and visual effect after trial operation,and is suitable for practical applications.

Energy-saving Technology of Vent in Passive Solar Wall of Rural House of Severe Cold Region

This paper aims at solving the problems of low thermal collection rate,inconvenient maintenance,hindering indoor using during the application of passive solar technologies in rural houses in severe cold region.All these defects prevent the passive solar houses' further development. This paper chooses trombe wall,which has higher thermal efficiency of the passive solar house,as research object. The traditional vent is improved into a new type of ventilation device. This improvement overcomes the shortcoming,which traditional vent loses huge heat,and simplifies the construction of vent. Comparing with traditional trombe wall,the energy saving rate is 15. 69%.

Energy-saving Technology Application in Building Water Supply and Drainage Construction

Under the increasing demands as well as resource shortages in today’s society,energy-saving technologies in building water supply and drainage construction plays a vital role.Through the rational application of energy-saving technologies,energy consumption in water supply and drainage projects can be significantly minimized and wastage of water resources can be reduced.This will play a very promising role in promoting sustainable development of resources and environmental conservation in the modern era.This paper analyzes the application of energy-saving technology in building water supply and drainage construction,with an aspiration to make energy-saving technology more reasonable in today’s building water supply and drainage projects and to improve the quality of water supply and drainage construction projects,while achieving effective environmental protection.

Study on Energy-saving Technology and Design Optimization of Facade in Cold and Severe Cold Area

This article take cold regions of nlral residential building envelope as the research object, suitability technical theory as the theoretical basis, we evaluation of rural residential energy envelope because China＇s rural areas is chmacterized by large regional differences and to find a solution for the envelope. It could be considered as the useful reference for retrofit design of similar projects.

Technology and Studies for Greenhouse Cooling

Greenhouse technology is an efficient and viable option, especially for the sustainable crop production in the regions of adverse climatic conditions. High summer temperature is one of the worst effects on greenhouse crop production throughout the year. The main purpose of this paper is to present some technologies and studies for greenhouse cooling in summer. In the paper, some applicable and practical cooling technologies have been discussed. The choice of efficient cooling method depends on many aspects, such as local climate, agronomic condition, design and covering materials. To achieve desirable benefits, the combination of different cooling methods is necessarily used. Analysis of earlier studies revealed that a naturally ventilated greenhouse with larger ventilation areas (15% - 30%), provided at the ridge and side covered with insect-proof nets of 20 - 40 mesh size with covering material properties of NIR (near infrared radiation) reflection during the day and FIR (far infrared radiation) reflection during night was suitable for greenhouse production throughout year in some special regions. Evaporation cooling is the most effective cooling method for controlling the temperature and humidity inside a greenhouse. However, its suitability is restricted to the respective region and climate when the humidity level is high. The entry of unwanted radiation or light can be controlled by the use of shading. Researches show that shade net application with different perforated mesh size and their evaluation with respect to local climate and region are necessary to get cooling benefits in summer.

The application of the regenerative combustion technology to a radiant-tube furnace and its practice

This study compares the regenerative radiant-tube heater with the traditional radiant-tube heater, showing the regenerative radiant-tube heaters have many advantages in fuel consumption. Based on the experience of changing a heating system with traditional radiant-tube burners to a heating system with regenerative combustion, propositions are given for the combustion control system, pilot burner, flame detection and for trouble prevention in rebuilding the continuous annealing production line（CAPL） and the continuous galvanizing line（CGL）.

Application of the waste heat recovery system and energy-saving in the strip continuous annealing furnace

The common problem of cold strip continuous annealing furnaces is high exhaust gas temperature and great energy consumption. Taking the cold-strip continuous annealing furnaces of Baosteel No. 4 cold mill plant as an example, several waste heat recovery systems in the annealing furnaces are compared and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed through different energy-saving technologies.

Practical application of pressure regulating technology for fire district in Meiyukou Coal Mine

Based on the simulated laboratory experiment of pressure balance for fire ex- tinguishing,the pressure regulating technology was summarized for the fire district in Meiyukou Coal Mine.The technology includes three measures for air pressure regulation, namely applying the pressure regulating chamber to balance the air pressure of fire district, increasing the air pressure of the working face,and filling the ground surface fractures.A good effect was obtained to prevent and extinguish the fire.When the measures fail to in- crease the pressure of working face or to regulate that of air chamber,the measure to fill the ground surface fractures will play an important role.

Energy-saving performance investigation on sustainable architecture design of open-plan housing in temperate region

With the increasing requirement of a higher living quality and the growing awareness of energy saving, how to improve the indoor comfort level and to reduce the expenditure of energy and slow down the rate of natural resource consumption is becoming increasingly important. The theory of open-plan housing is able to provide a more flexible and adaptive space for the users and bring sustainable and economic benefit in the way of making full use of construction materials. Sustainable architecture design, as a method to respond the phenomenon, is able to low down the building＇ s energy consumption and has enormous potentials in creation of sustainable living environment and a high-quality dwelling condition. The primary aim of this research is to create a new sustainable architecture design method for occupancy by integrating openplan housing theory and application of sustainable technologies. Numerical simulation by computer program is applied in order to investigate and evaluate the possibility of this method in teruas of improving indoor comfort level and energy-saving capacity.

专业学位研究生实战案例式教学探索与实践——以现代通风技术课程为例

实践能力的培养对专业学位研究生至关重要,在研究生课程教学中实施案例教学法,发挥团队丰富的教学科研和工程经验优势,建设“产学研赛”一体化案例库。案例紧密贴近社会需求,现实应用价值大;案例源于工程实践,理论与实际紧密结合;案例源于科研项目,达到“教”“研”合一,“多课共享”;CFD仿真等现代技术的应用,提高理论分析能力。探索非标准答案全过程考核方式,全面评价学生成绩。实践证明,教学效果良好,指导的研究生在全国科技创新获奖多次,授权发明专利,综合创新能力大大提升。

成人心脏术后高危患者撤机后使用高流量吸氧及无创通气的临床预后疗效研究

目的探讨成人心脏术后高危患者撤机后使用高流量吸氧及无创通气的临床预后疗效。方法选取2020年6月—2022年6月贵州省人民医院收治的86例接受心脏外科手术后的患者作为研究对象。按照干预方式差异分为常规组和联合组,每组43例。常规组患者给予高流量氧疗技术,联合组给予高流量氧疗技术联合无创呼吸机辅助通气治疗。比较两组干预治疗前后血气指标、再插管率、呼吸衰竭发生率和呼吸困难评分。结果治疗后,联合组的动脉血氧分压、血氧饱和度、氧合指数、pH值高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。联合组在拔管后48 h、72 h、7 d的再插管率低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。联合组的呼吸衰竭率(4.65%)低于常规组(20.93%),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.108,P<0.05)。治疗24、48 h后,联合组的呼吸困难评分低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论成人心脏术后高危患者撤机后使用高流量氧疗技术与无创式呼吸机相结合干预效果显著,可有效改善患者呼吸困难症状和血气指标,可减少患者再插管和呼吸衰竭发生,有助于患者早日康复。

平行导洞压入式通风对特长隧道污染物分布的影响

为探究横通道开启方式对平行导洞压入式通风的特长隧道内污染物分布规律的影响,研究了不同横通道开启方式下的隧道内纵向风速、风压损失及污染物分布规律。所建立的隧道模型包含17个横通道,其中5个为车行横通道,12个为人行横通道,横通道均匀布置。考虑了5种不同的车行横通道开启方式进行研究。结果表明,在平导压入式通风时,主隧道内的纵向风速呈分段式分布,隧道中心风速最小,越靠近隧道出口的风速越大。当对称开启偶数个横通道时,由于风压平衡,隧道中心两个横通道之间的纵向风速几乎为0,无法有效稀释CO;当对称开启奇数个横通道时,隧道内风速为从隧道中心往两侧洞口方向,当平导通风风量足够大时,可将隧道内CO体积比稀释到符合规范的要求。此外,当对称开启奇数个横通道时,在相同的平导通风量下,横通道开启个数较多反而不利于降低隧道中心区域的CO体积比。所研究隧道模型中对称开启3个横通道的临界通风量最小,临界通风风量为631 m^(3)/s,与根据规范计算得到的所需通风量相差不大。因此,在进行此类隧道通风设计时,可参考规范进行通风量的计算。研究结果可为此类隧道的通风设计提供参考。

局部正压通风方法解决采面低氧问题的试验及模拟研究

针对浅埋近距离煤层群工作面易产生低氧现象的难题,以山西某矿3105工作面低氧问题为研究背景,采用理论分析、相似模拟及数值模拟方法进行了研究。分析得出煤层地质条件、工作面通风方式、大气压力变化和自然风压是工作面产生低氧现象的主要原因,并探究了采用局部正压通风方法解决采面低氧问题的可行性。结果表明:采用负压通风时,增加风速不能明显提高工作面上隅角区域的氧气体积分数,仍低于20%;采用局部正压通风时,采场内20%氧气体积分数等值线在通风风速达到1.6 m/s时,与工作面呈平行状态,增加风速能有效提高采面上隅角的氧气体积分数;采用局部正压通风回风巷增阻时,相较于单一的局部正压通风能够在更小的风速条件下解决采面低氧的问题,且一定程度上有利于防范采空区遗煤自然发火。利用COMSOL仿真软件,建立工作面采场气体运移模型,开展了不同通风方法、不同风速条件下的采空区氧气体积分数分布及运移规律研究,数值模拟结果与试验测定结果基本一致。3105工作面现场实践表明,采用局部正压通风回风巷增阻的技术措施能够有效解决工作面低氧问题,工作面上隅角及回风流的氧气体积分数由15%上升到20%以上,并始终保持正常水平,确保了工作面的安全生产。

煤矿通风安全的技术应用与风险控制

煤矿通风安全一直是煤炭行业中的重点关注问题。随着现代科技的发展,煤矿通风安全的技术应用与风险控制得到了进一步的改进和完善。通过对煤矿通风系统进行研究,制定了新的安全技术和风险控制策略,可以提高煤矿通风系统的安全性和可靠性。

地下洞室群施工污染物运移特性试验研究

地下洞室群具有结构断面差异大、通风网络复杂、污染源多等特点,对施工过程中洞室内污染物运移特性进行研究有利于改善通风方案,提高施工通风效率。针对复杂地下洞室群施工过程中不同施工阶段污染量大、通风方案不易与施工进度实时结合、风流场复杂等问题,通过大比尺模型试验对洞室内污染物的运移规律进行研究,结果表明:通风除尘用时与运移距离、初始质量浓度、通风风速之间均呈对数关系,随粉尘运移距离和洞室初始粉尘质量浓度增大,降低粉尘质量浓度用时延长,随隧道进口风速和风管出口风速增大,粉尘质量浓度降低用时缩短;综合考虑除尘效率与能耗,风管出口风速1.5 m/s、隧道进口风速3.0 m/s,以及隧道进口风速0.5 m/s、风管出口风速2.5 m/s,这两种风速组合更易于粉尘排出;针对洞室内粉尘质量浓度较高的区域,通过优化风管位置,使风管贴合于洞室壁面,减少壁面处涡流区的数量,以降低粉尘质量浓度。

右美托咪定用于ICU机械通气患者的快速卫生技术评估

目的 快速评估右美托咪定用于重症监护室(ICU)机械通气患者的有效性、安全性和经济性,为临床和决策者提供参考。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CNKI、WanFang Data数据库和国内外卫生技术评估(HTA)机构官方网站,纳入右美托咪定对比安慰剂或其他传统镇静药用于ICU机械通气患者的HTA报告、系统评价/Meta分析及药物经济学研究,检索时限均为从建库至2023年6月14日。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料和评价纳入研究的质量后,采用定性合成的方法汇总纳入研究的结果。结果 共纳入13篇文献,包含10篇系统评价/Meta分析,3篇经济学研究。有效性方面,与安慰剂或其他传统镇静药相比,右美托咪定用于ICU机械通气患者的镇静,患者机械通气时间更短、ICU住院时间更短。安全性方面,右美托咪定可减少谵妄发生率,但可能会增加心动过缓的发生率。经济性分析结果显示,右美托咪定组药物治疗费用更高,但可以降低总的ICU花费。结论 右美托咪定用于ICU机械通气患者镇静具有良好的有效性和安全性,同时具有良好的经济性,但纳入的经济学研究以国外研究为主,国内经济性方面有待进一步论证。

煤矿开采通风安全技术探讨

煤矿生产中,应采取合适的通风安全技术,解决通风安全隐患,保障煤矿生产的安全、高效开展。阐述了煤矿开采中应用通风安全技术的意义,深入分析了煤矿井下开采作业中的主要通风安全问题,在分析矿井通风安全技术的基础上,提出几点通风安全技术应用方面的建议,可以为煤矿开采通风安全工作提供借鉴。

煤矿矿井工作中瓦斯防治技术及通风安全管理措施探究

煤矿矿井瓦斯的主要危害形式包括瓦斯喷出、突出、普通涌出以及爆炸,瓦斯具有易燃易爆性和窒息性,是煤矿安全管理的重点。结合煤矿矿井实例,针对以上几种常见危害类型制定出综合性的瓦斯防治技术措施,涵盖涌出量测定、煤层地质钻探、通风、抽放、引排、局部防突、区域防突、爆炸极限控制、引火源控制。在通风安全管理中,重点分析了需风量计算、工作面温度与风速,为系统通风设计提供量化的依据。研究内容较为全面,具有较强的工程指导意义。