The First Verification Test of Space-Ground Collaborative Intelligence via Cloud-Native Satellites

Recent advancements in satellite technologies and the declining cost of access to space have led to the emergence of large satellite constellations in Low Earth Orbit(LEO).However,these constellations often rely on bent-pipe architecture,resulting in high communication costs.Existing onboard inference architectures suffer from limitations in terms of low accuracy and inflexibility in the deployment and management of in-orbit applications.To address these challenges,we propose a cloud-native-based satellite design specifically tailored for Earth Observation tasks,enabling diverse computing paradigms.In this work,we present a case study of a satellite-ground collaborative inference system deployed in the Tiansuan constellation,demonstrating a remarkable 50%accuracy improvement and a substantial 90%data reduction.Our work sheds light on in-orbit energy,where in-orbit computing accounts for 17%of the total onboard energy consumption.Our approach represents a significant advancement of cloud-native satellite,aiming to enhance the accuracy of in-orbit computing while simultaneously reducing communication cost.

Design and Test of Closed Hydraulic Transmission System of 4WD High-clearance Wheeled Sprayer

In conjunction with the working characteristics of the high-clearance wheeled sprayer and the benefits of the closed hydraulic system,a series of reasonable working parameters should be established,and a hydraulic system that fulfills the requisite specifications should be designed.The AMESim software model is employed to construct a closed hydraulic transmission system,and the simulation analysis is then performed according to the data of hydraulic components.According to analysis results,the prototype can be optimized and upgraded,and a verification test is further carried out.The test results demonstrate that the designed closed hydraulic transmission system meets the actual working requirements of the high-clearance wheeled sprayer and provides a stable experimental platform for intelligent control of agricultural machinery.

Random testing for system-level functional verification of system-on-chip

In order to deal with the limitations during the register transfer level verification, a new functional verification method based on the random testing for the system-level of system-on-chip is proposed.The validity of this method is proven theoretically.Specifically, testcases are generated according to many approaches of randomization.Moreover, the testbench for the system-level verification according to the proposed method is designed by using advanced modeling language.Therefore, under the circumstances that the testbench generates testcases quickly, the hardware/software co-simulation and co-verification can be implemented and the hardware/software partitioning planning can be evaluated easily.The comparison method is put to use in the evaluation approach of the testing validity.The evaluation result indicates that the efficiency of the partition testing is better than that of the random testing only when one or more subdomains are covered over with the area of errors, although the efficiency of the random testing is generally better than that of the partition testing.The experimental result indicates that this method has a good performance in the functional coverage and the cost of testing and can discover the functional errors as soon as possible.

Priori information analysis of optocoupler accelerated degradation experiment based on failure mechanism verification test

The optocoupler is a weak link in the inertial navigation platform of a kind of guided munitions.It is necessary to use accelerated storage test to verify the storage life of long storage products.Especially for small sample products,it is very important to obtain prior information for the design and implementation of accelerated degradation test.In this paper,the optocoupler failure mechanism verification test is designed and the experimental results are analyzed and the prior information is obtained.The results show that optocouplers have two failure modes,one is sudden failure and the other is degradation failure;the maximum temperature stress of optocoupler can’t exceed 140℃;the increase of leakage current of optocoupler is caused by movable ions contaminating the LED chip.The surface leakage current is proportional to the adsorption amount.The increase of leakage current makes p-n junction tunneling effect occur which LEDs the failure of the optocoupler.The lifetime distribution model of the optocoupler is determined by the failure physics.The lifetime of the optocoupler is subject to the lognormal distribution.The degeneracy orbit of the optocoupler leakage current is described by a power law model.The estimated values of the orbital parameters are initially calculated and the parameters of its life distribution function are deduced.The above information lays a good foundation for the optimization design and data processing of the accelerated degradation experiment.

Drug Sensitivity Test and Regression Verification of Escherichia coli from Rex Rabbit

[ Objectives] The paper aimed to select drugs reasonably for treatment of rex rabbit colibacillosis, and to isolate the pathogenicity of Escherichia coll. [ Methods ] Pathogen isolation, drug sensitivity test and pathogen regression test were performed with rex rabbits killed by E. coli in clinic. [ Results] The isolate was E. coli 0-23, susceptible to amikacin and cefotaxime sodium; when the challenge dose was 1.0 mL/rabbit （about one billion E. coli）, the test animal would discharge mucous feces. [ Conclusions] The results provided model support for clinical medicine selection against rex rabbit colibacillosis.

Verification test on an innovated method for the studies on inheritance of resistance to rice sheath blight

We have recently developed a systematic method for the study on the inheritance of resistance to sheath blight. The key of the system is an innovated method of inoculation and investigation along with the employment of the permanent population. This paper reported the procedure of the system and the result of its verification.

Dynamic Testing of Elastic Modulus,Shear Modulus,and Poisson’s Ratio of Bamboo Scrimber

The bamboo scrimber is an anisotropic material.The elastic constant values of the bamboo scrimber specimens measured by the dynamic and static methods are consistent,and the dynamic test method has the advantages of rapidity,simplicity,good repeatability,and high precision.Bamboo scrimber has strong potential as a building material,and its elastic constant is an important index to measure its mechanical properties.To quickly,simply,non-destructively,and accurately detect the elastic constant of the bamboo scrimber,they were dynamically tested by the free plate transient excitation method and cantilever plate torsional vibration method.The static four-point bending method was used to verify the accuracy and reliability of the dynamic elastic modulus,shear modulus,and Poisson’s ratio of the bamboo scrimber.The mechanism analysis and evaluation of the quality grade,homogeneity,and size effect of the bamboo scrimber whole board were carried out.The main results show that the dynamic elastic modulus,shear modulus,and Poisson’s ratio of the bamboo scrimber are 12 GPa,1500 MPa,and 0.31,respectively,which meet the requirements of GB/T 40247-2021 for structural bamboo scrimber.

Development Methodologies for Network Softwarization: A Comparison of DevOps, NetOps, and Verification

This white paper explores three popular development methodologies for network softwarization: DevOps, NetOps, and Verification. The paper compares and contrasts the strengths and weaknesses of each approach and provides recommendations for organizations looking to adopt network softwarization.

STG-BASED VERIFICATION AND TEST GENERATION

This paper presents the techniques of verification and Test Generation(TG) for sequential machines (Finite State Machines, FSMs) based on state traversing of State Transition Graph(STG). The problems of traversing, redundancy and transition fault model are identified. In order to achieve high fault coverage collapsing testing is proposed. Further, the heuristic knowledge for speeding up verification and TG are described.

Waste heat recovery from hot steel slag on the production line:Numerical simulation,validation and industrial test

Waste heat recovery from hot steel slag was determined in a granular bed through the combination of numerical simulation and an industrial test method.First,the effective thermal conductivity of the granular bed was calculated.Then,the unsteady-state model was used to simulate the heat recovery under three different flow fields(O-type,S-type,and nonshielding type(Nontype)).Second,the simulation results were validated by in-situ industrial experiments.The two methods confirmed that the heat recovery efficiencies of the flow fields from high to low followed the order of Nontype,S-type,and O-type.Finally,heat recovery was carried out under the Nontype flow field in an industrial test.The heat recovery efficiency increased from~76%and~78%to~81%when the steel slag thickness decreased from 400 and 300 to 200 mm,corresponding to reductions in the steel slag mass from 3.96 and 2.97 to 1.98 t with a blower air volume of 14687 m^(3)/h.Therefore,the research results showed that numerical simulation can not only guide experiments on waste heat recovery but also optimize the flow field.Most importantly,the method proposed in this paper has achieved higher waste heat recovery from hot steel slag in industrial scale.

Scaled down model design of shaking table test of Taizhou Bridge

Taizhou Bridge is the first kilometer level three-pylon two-span suspension bridge in the world and the structural complexity has significant effects on the seismic performance of the bridge. Shaking table test of Taizhou Bridge is arranged to investigate the effects of non-uniform ground motion input, collision between main and side spans and optimal seismic structural system. It's very important and difficult to design and manufacture the scaled down model of Taizhou Bridge used during the shaking table test. The key point is that the girder and pylons are very hard to be manufactured if the similarity ratio is strictly followed. Based on the finite element method (FEM) analysis, a simplified scaled down model is designed and the bending stiffness of the girder and pylon are strictly simulated, and the torsion stiffness and axial stiffness are not strictly simulated. The inner forces and displacements of critical sections, points of simplified model and theoretical model are compared by FEM analysis, and it's found out that the difference between the seismic responses is relatively small. So, the simplified model can be used to conduct the shaking table test by the FEM verification.

Accuracy verification methodology for computer-generated hologram used for testing a 3.5-meter mirror based on an equivalent element

Interferometry with computer-generated holograms(CGHs)is a unique solution for the highly accurate testing of large-aperture aspheric mirrors.However,no direct testing method for quantifying the measurement accuracy of CGHs has been developed.In this study,we developed a methodology for verifying CGH accuracy based on an element that is functionally equivalent to a large-aperture mirror in terms of accuracy verification.The equivalent element decreased the aperture by one or higher orders of magnitude,implying that the mirror could be replaced by a non-CGH technology in a comparison test.In this study,a 281 mm diamond-turned mirror was fabricated as the equivalent element of a 3.5 m aspheric mirror and measured using CGH and LUPHOScan profilometers.Surface error composition and root-mean-square(RMS)density analyses were performed.The methodology verification accuracy of the CGH was 4 nm(RMS)in the low-to mid-frequency bands,with a measured surface accuracy of approximately 10 nm(RMS).This methodology provides a feasible solution for CGH accuracy verification,ensuring high-accuracy and reliable testing of large-aperture aspheric mirrors.

On Quality Evaluation and Analysis of Metrological Verification and Detection

With the rapid development of China’s economy and society,under the existing economic system,measurement work is of great significance to promote market development and improve people’s living standards.The quality evaluation of testing work is an important means to ensure the accuracy of measurement.Based on the analysis of several factors affecting the quality of measurement work,this paper takes the ionizing radiation monitoring quality as an example,and makes a concrete exposition on the evaluation and analysis of the quality of metrological verification work.

DeepSI:A Sensitive-Driven Testing Samples Generation Method of Whitebox CNN Model for Edge Computing

In recent years,Deep Learning(DL)technique has been widely used in Internet of Things(IoT)and Industrial Internet of Things(IIoT)for edge computing,and achieved good performances.But more and more studies have shown the vulnerability of neural networks.So,it is important to test the robustness and vulnerability of neural networks.More specifically,inspired by layer-wise relevance propagation and neural network verification,we propose a novel measurement of sensitive neurons and important neurons,and propose a novel neuron coverage criterion for robustness testing.Based on the novel criterion,we design a novel testing sample generation method,named DeepSI,which involves definitions of sensitive neurons and important neurons.Furthermore,we construct sensitive-decision paths of the neural network through selecting sensitive neurons and important neurons.Finally,we verify our idea by setting up several experiments,then results show our proposed method achieves superior performances.

Design and test of a wheel-belt type cotton stalk puller

During the harvesting process,rigid materials are prone to causing damage to the cotton stalks,which will increase the risk of stalk breakage.A cotton stalk pulling component that blends stiff and flexible materials was devised to lower the breaking rate.The cotton stalk pulling component was made up of rollers and flexible belts that pull the stalks using clamping force and the forward speed of the tractor.The influence of various factors in the equipment on the harvesting effect of cotton stalks were analyzed through response surface experiments,and a multiple quadratic regression response surface model with missing pulling rate and breakage rate as response values was established.The significant of influencing factors on the breaking rate of cotton stalks are in a descending order as:the angle of cotton stalk pulling,tractor’s forward speed,and the clamping speed of the cotton stalk component.The working parameters of the wheel-belt type cotton stalk pulling machine have been optimized using the response surface combination experimental method,and the optimal parameter combination was obtained as:tractor forward speed of 4.5 km/h,cotton stalk pulling angle of 60°,and clamping speed of the cotton stalk pulling component of 349 r/min.The results of validation experiments showed that the missing pulling rate of cotton stalks was 5.06%and the breakage rate was 13.12%,indicating a good harvesting effect of the cotton stalks.The model was reasonable and the performance parameters could meet the relevant inspection requirements.The results can provide a reference for further research on the technology of flexible cotton stalk pulling.

Mathematical model for abrasive suspension jet cutting based on orthogonal test design

This paper describes the application of orthogonal test design coupled with non-linear regression analysis to optimize abrasive suspension jet （AS J） cutting process and construct its cutting model. Orthogonal test design is applied to cutting stainless steel. Through range analysis on experiment results, the optimal process conditions for the cutting depth and the kerr ratio of the bottom width to the top width can be determined. In addition, the analysis of ranges and variances are all employed to identify various factors： traverse rate, working pressure, nozzle diameter, standoff distance which denote the importance order of the cutting parameters affecting cutting depth and the kerf ratio of the bottom width to the top width. ~rthermore, non-linear regression analysis is used to establish the mathematical models of the cutting parameters based on the cutting depth and the kerr ratio. Finally, the verification experiments of cutting parameters＇ effect on cutting performance, which show that optimized cutting parameters and cutting model can significantly improve the prediction of the cutting ability and quality of ASJ.

Location Verification Systems in Emerging Wireless Networks

As location-based techniques and applications have become ubiquitous in emerging wireless networks, the verification of location information has become more important. In recent years, there has been an explosion of activity related to lo- cation-verification techniques in wireless networks. In particular, there has been a specific focus on intelligent transport systems because of the mission-critical nature of vehicle location verification. In this paper, we review recent research on wireless location verification related to vehicular networks. We focus on location verification systems that rely on for- mal mathematical classification frameworks and show how many systems are either partially or fully encompassed by such frameworks.

运用verification phase判定男大学生最大摄氧量的研究

目的:运用verification phase对男大学生递增负荷运动测试(GXT)测定的最大摄氧量(VO_(2max))进行判定,探讨verification phase应用的可行性。方法:招募13名健康男大学生作为受试者,完成跑台GXT,休息20 min,进行verification phase,使受试者再次力竭。在GXT和verification phase过程中采用便携式心肺功能仪Cosmed k5进行实时呼吸气体分析,运用verification phase判定指标(△VO_(2),即两次力竭测试的VO_(2max)差异)和现行判定指标(VO_(2)平台、HR_(max)、RER_(max)、BLA_(max)、RPE)对受试者的VO_(2max)进行判定。结果:(1)在GXT、verification phase两次力竭测试中,VO_(2max)的绝对值和相对值均无显著性差异(P>0.05),HR_(max)、RER_(max)、BLA_(max)及RPE均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。GXT力竭时间显著长于verification phase(P<0.05)。(2)在GXT中,13名(100%)受试者均出现VO_(2)平台;9名(69.2%)受试者的HR_(max)>(220-年龄)bpm;8名(61.5%)受试者的RER_(max)>1.10;12名(92.3%)受试者的BLA_(max)>8 mmol·L-1;7名(53.8%)受试者的RPE≥18,达到各自判定标准。(3)11名(84.6%)受试者的△VO_(2)在±3.0%内,符合verification phase判定标准;另2名受试者的△VO_(2)分别为3.1%、3.4%,超过verification phase判定标准。(4)达标的11名受试者的VO_(2max)可取值为两次力竭测试VO_(2max)的均值或任一测试的VO_(2max)值;另2名受试者的VO_(2max)可取值为verification phase测试的VO_(2max)值或两次力竭测试VO_(2max)的均值。结论:运用verification phase可判定男大学生在GXT中测出的VO_(2max)的真实性。

An abnormal carbody swaying of intercity EMU train caused by low wheel-rail equivalent conicity and damping force unloading of yaw damper

Low-frequency carbody swaying phenomenon often occurs to railway vehicles due to hunting instability,which seriously deteriorates the ride comfort of passengers.This paper investigates low-frequency carbody swaying through experimental analysis and numerical simulation.In the tests,the carbody acceleration,the wheel-rail profiles,and the dynamic characteristics of dampers were measured to understand the characteristics of the abnormal carbody vibration and to find out its primary contributor.Linear and nonlinear numerical simulations on the mechanism and optimization measures were carried out to solve this carbody swaying issue.The results showed that the carbody swaying is the manifest of carbody hunting instability.The low equivalent conicity and the decrease of dynamic damping of the yaw damper are probably the cause of this phenomenon.The optimization measures to increase the equivalent conicity and dynamic damping of the yaw damper were put forward and verified by on-track tests.The results of this study could enrich the knowledge of carbody hunting and provide a reference for solving abnormal carbody vibrations.

Speaker Verification Based on Log-Likelihood Score Normalization

Due to differences in the distribution of scores for different trials, the performance of a speaker verification system will be seriously diminished if raw scores are directly used for detection with a unified threshold value. As such, the scores must be normalized. To tackle the shortcomings of score normalization methods, we propose a speaker verification system based on log-likelihood normalization (LLN). Without a priori knowledge, LLN increases the separation between scores of target and non-target speaker models, so as to improve score aliasing of “same-speaker” and “different-speaker” trials corresponding to the same test speech, enabling better discrimination and decision capability. The experiment shows that LLN is an effective method of scoring normalization.