After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese people have been struggling against poverty amid national development under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC). Since reform and open...After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese people have been struggling against poverty amid national development under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC). Since reform and opening up, in particular, China has planned for and organized development-oriented poverty reduction practices on a broad scale with remarkable achievements and blazed a new path of development-oriented poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics. This path is both an essential component of Chinese socialism and a result of the CPC’s ideological improvement on poverty reduction. Since the 18 th CPC National Congress in 2012, the whole Party, country, and society have been called upon to fight the battle against poverty on a full-scale under the guidance of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on poverty reduction, unveiling a new stage for China’s development-oriented poverty reduction in the new era. China’s unprecedented poverty reduction achievements have enriched the path of poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics. Xi Jinping’s insightful and coherent statements on poverty reduction represent the latest results of Marxist anti-poverty theories and comprise an essential part of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era. His guidelines are the basis for the brilliant achievements of China’s poverty reduction endeavors, and will contribute Chinese experience and wisdom to global poverty governance.展开更多
Q-methodology was introduced more than 80 years ago to study subjective topics such as attitudes, perceptions, preferences, and feelings and there has not been much change in its statistical components since then. In ...Q-methodology was introduced more than 80 years ago to study subjective topics such as attitudes, perceptions, preferences, and feelings and there has not been much change in its statistical components since then. In Q-methodology, subjective topics are studied using a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques. It involves development of a sample of statements and rank-ordering these statements by study participants using a grid known as Q-sort table. After completion of Q-sort tables by the participants, a by-person factor analysis (i.e., the factor analysis is performed on persons, not variables or traits) is used to analyze the data. Therefore, each factor represents a group of individuals with similar views, feelings, or preferences about the topic of the study. Then, each group (factor) is usually described by a set of statements, called distinguishing statements, or statements with high or low factor scores. In this article, we review one important statistical issue, i.e. the criteria for identifying distinguishing statements and provide a review of its mathematical calculation and statistical background. We show that the current approach for identifying distinguishing statements has no sound basis, which may result in erroneous findings and seems to be appropriate only when there are repeated evaluations of Q-sample from the same subjects. However, most Q-studies include independent subjects with no repeated evaluation. Finally, a new approach is suggested for identifying distinguishing statements based on Cohen’s effect size. We demonstrate the application of this new formula by applying the current and the suggested methods on a Q-dataset and explain the differences.展开更多
Although the threat of cybercrime is said to expand year by year recently, an actual impact of the threat has not estimated in Japan due to several reasons including inadequate statistics of cybercrime. The purpose of...Although the threat of cybercrime is said to expand year by year recently, an actual impact of the threat has not estimated in Japan due to several reasons including inadequate statistics of cybercrime. The purpose of this study is to estimate the volume of cybercrime in Japan and identify its characteristics based on the result of cybercrime victimization survey conducted by the study group for cybercrime of Nihon University （NU） in 2016. The study group obtained a cybercrime victimization rate of 5.36% and concluded that cybercrime victimization in Japan is quite serious comparing with other survey results and crime statistics. Furthermore, the study group explored how to figure out cybercrime victimization more precisely based on characteristics of cybercrime obtained by this survey and proposed a couple of appropriate measures to cope with cybercrime.展开更多
Mr. Chairman, Distinguished Members of the Committee, First of all, I would like to extend, on behalf of the Chinese delegation, our greetings and respects to all the distinguished members of the Committee. The Commit...Mr. Chairman, Distinguished Members of the Committee, First of all, I would like to extend, on behalf of the Chinese delegation, our greetings and respects to all the distinguished members of the Committee. The Committee has made enormous efforts and played an important role in promoting the purposes and principles of the Convention and reinforcing the global efforts to ban and prevent torture. The Chinese Government appreciates your endeavor and will continue to support the work of the Committee.展开更多
The variational statement of synthesis problem is generalized in order to account the additional requirements to the synthesized radiation pattern (RP) and field distribution in the specified points of near zone. For ...The variational statement of synthesis problem is generalized in order to account the additional requirements to the synthesized radiation pattern (RP) and field distribution in the specified points of near zone. For this aim, the minimizing functional is supplemented by term providing the possibility to minimize the values of field in these points;creating the deep zeros in the RP for the certain angular coordinates is realized too. The approach foresees reduction of an explicit formula for field values in a near zone. The results of computational modeling testify the possibility to create zeros in the given RP and to minimize the values of field in a near zone of plane arrays in a great extent.展开更多
Academic writings, whether they are BA dissertations or semester papers, are important carriers of one＇s ideas and findings of their own study and research spheres. In academic papers, the most important part is the ...Academic writings, whether they are BA dissertations or semester papers, are important carriers of one＇s ideas and findings of their own study and research spheres. In academic papers, the most important part is the choice of topics which determines the macro direction of the paper. Important as it is, it is difficult for the English majors to choose the most appropriate topics with idea-invested thesis statements instead of some factual statements. Therefore, in order to make clear of the status quo and underlying obstacles of topic choosing, this paper is to study on 98 samples from China University of Political Science and Law＇s junior English majors. By observing and analyzing their writings, the paper intends to fred out some possible and accessible methods to improve English majors＇ academic writing and offer some insights for teachers to make some adjustments in accordance with the status quo.展开更多
The credibility of children’s statements of sexual abuse is a controversial issue in forensic psychiatry and psychology.Neurobiological and clinical laboratory studies show that real memories contain more information...The credibility of children’s statements of sexual abuse is a controversial issue in forensic psychiatry and psychology.Neurobiological and clinical laboratory studies show that real memories contain more information regarding sensory details than false memories.The goal of the present field study was to evaluate whether sensory information was present in child-ren’s statements of sexual abuse,and whether this information was more often present in credible statements compared with non-credible statements.Sensory details were extracted from a sample of 96 statements of sexual abuse from children;62 statements were consi-dered credible and 34 statements were considered non-credible.This study showed that sensory information was present in 79% of children’s reports of child sexual abuse.Sensory information was significantly more often present in statements considered credible com-pared with non-credible statements(85.5%,P<0.001),but there were large variations in the sense involved.Logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of at least one sensory detail may be a good predictor of credibility(odds ratio,OR=23.484,P<0.05).It seems appropriate to include sensory details when assessing the credibility of children’s statements of child sexual abuse,but it has not yet been demonstrated that use of such details signifi-cantly improves the validity of credibility assessments.展开更多
文摘After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese people have been struggling against poverty amid national development under the leadership of the Communist Party of China(CPC). Since reform and opening up, in particular, China has planned for and organized development-oriented poverty reduction practices on a broad scale with remarkable achievements and blazed a new path of development-oriented poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics. This path is both an essential component of Chinese socialism and a result of the CPC’s ideological improvement on poverty reduction. Since the 18 th CPC National Congress in 2012, the whole Party, country, and society have been called upon to fight the battle against poverty on a full-scale under the guidance of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important statements on poverty reduction, unveiling a new stage for China’s development-oriented poverty reduction in the new era. China’s unprecedented poverty reduction achievements have enriched the path of poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics. Xi Jinping’s insightful and coherent statements on poverty reduction represent the latest results of Marxist anti-poverty theories and comprise an essential part of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for the New Era. His guidelines are the basis for the brilliant achievements of China’s poverty reduction endeavors, and will contribute Chinese experience and wisdom to global poverty governance.
文摘Q-methodology was introduced more than 80 years ago to study subjective topics such as attitudes, perceptions, preferences, and feelings and there has not been much change in its statistical components since then. In Q-methodology, subjective topics are studied using a combination of qualitative and quantitative techniques. It involves development of a sample of statements and rank-ordering these statements by study participants using a grid known as Q-sort table. After completion of Q-sort tables by the participants, a by-person factor analysis (i.e., the factor analysis is performed on persons, not variables or traits) is used to analyze the data. Therefore, each factor represents a group of individuals with similar views, feelings, or preferences about the topic of the study. Then, each group (factor) is usually described by a set of statements, called distinguishing statements, or statements with high or low factor scores. In this article, we review one important statistical issue, i.e. the criteria for identifying distinguishing statements and provide a review of its mathematical calculation and statistical background. We show that the current approach for identifying distinguishing statements has no sound basis, which may result in erroneous findings and seems to be appropriate only when there are repeated evaluations of Q-sample from the same subjects. However, most Q-studies include independent subjects with no repeated evaluation. Finally, a new approach is suggested for identifying distinguishing statements based on Cohen’s effect size. We demonstrate the application of this new formula by applying the current and the suggested methods on a Q-dataset and explain the differences.
文摘Although the threat of cybercrime is said to expand year by year recently, an actual impact of the threat has not estimated in Japan due to several reasons including inadequate statistics of cybercrime. The purpose of this study is to estimate the volume of cybercrime in Japan and identify its characteristics based on the result of cybercrime victimization survey conducted by the study group for cybercrime of Nihon University （NU） in 2016. The study group obtained a cybercrime victimization rate of 5.36% and concluded that cybercrime victimization in Japan is quite serious comparing with other survey results and crime statistics. Furthermore, the study group explored how to figure out cybercrime victimization more precisely based on characteristics of cybercrime obtained by this survey and proposed a couple of appropriate measures to cope with cybercrime.
文摘Mr. Chairman, Distinguished Members of the Committee, First of all, I would like to extend, on behalf of the Chinese delegation, our greetings and respects to all the distinguished members of the Committee. The Committee has made enormous efforts and played an important role in promoting the purposes and principles of the Convention and reinforcing the global efforts to ban and prevent torture. The Chinese Government appreciates your endeavor and will continue to support the work of the Committee.
文摘The variational statement of synthesis problem is generalized in order to account the additional requirements to the synthesized radiation pattern (RP) and field distribution in the specified points of near zone. For this aim, the minimizing functional is supplemented by term providing the possibility to minimize the values of field in these points;creating the deep zeros in the RP for the certain angular coordinates is realized too. The approach foresees reduction of an explicit formula for field values in a near zone. The results of computational modeling testify the possibility to create zeros in the given RP and to minimize the values of field in a near zone of plane arrays in a great extent.
文摘Academic writings, whether they are BA dissertations or semester papers, are important carriers of one＇s ideas and findings of their own study and research spheres. In academic papers, the most important part is the choice of topics which determines the macro direction of the paper. Important as it is, it is difficult for the English majors to choose the most appropriate topics with idea-invested thesis statements instead of some factual statements. Therefore, in order to make clear of the status quo and underlying obstacles of topic choosing, this paper is to study on 98 samples from China University of Political Science and Law＇s junior English majors. By observing and analyzing their writings, the paper intends to fred out some possible and accessible methods to improve English majors＇ academic writing and offer some insights for teachers to make some adjustments in accordance with the status quo.
文摘The credibility of children’s statements of sexual abuse is a controversial issue in forensic psychiatry and psychology.Neurobiological and clinical laboratory studies show that real memories contain more information regarding sensory details than false memories.The goal of the present field study was to evaluate whether sensory information was present in child-ren’s statements of sexual abuse,and whether this information was more often present in credible statements compared with non-credible statements.Sensory details were extracted from a sample of 96 statements of sexual abuse from children;62 statements were consi-dered credible and 34 statements were considered non-credible.This study showed that sensory information was present in 79% of children’s reports of child sexual abuse.Sensory information was significantly more often present in statements considered credible com-pared with non-credible statements(85.5%,P<0.001),but there were large variations in the sense involved.Logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of at least one sensory detail may be a good predictor of credibility(odds ratio,OR=23.484,P<0.05).It seems appropriate to include sensory details when assessing the credibility of children’s statements of child sexual abuse,but it has not yet been demonstrated that use of such details signifi-cantly improves the validity of credibility assessments.
