The Three Principles of Institutional Safeguards for Women's Participation in Legislation in China

The participation of women in legislation is an important aspect and means of safeguarding women’s rights.Feminist theory,based on criticism of both the“citizenship identity theory as rights”and the“citizenship identity theory as responsibilities,”proposes the“citizenship identity theory as subjectivity.”Observing the current practice of women’s participation in legislation in China,two institutional safeguard principles can be summarized:the“minimum proportion”and the“influence evaluation.”However,each of these principles has its inherent limitations.Therefore,it is necessary to supplement them with the principle of“subjective participation”in a reflective manner.This principle requires women to participate substantively in the legislative process as subjects,express women’s needs and demands,input women’s perspectives and experiences,and reconstruct the distribution of rights and responsibilities in the existing legislation.The three principles complement each other and work together to comprehensively constitute the institutional structure of women’s participation in legislation,thereby promoting the reproduction of corresponding action structures.

Community Tourism in Changxi Village:Research based on Community-participated Village Tourism

On the basis of investigating community participation in tourism development of Changxi Village,Wuyuan County,the study pictures a reasonable image for the community participation in tourism village,proposes the problems and corresponding suggestions.

Knowledge Level about HIV/AIDS among the Villagers of Comilla District, Bangladesh

The HIV/AIDS epidemic has grown on an unprecedented scale since it was first recognized, and presently it is considered as a well known global public health crisis. In making the health policy where millions of populations are at risk, it is necessary to understand the knowledge level about HIV/AIDS. So, this study aimed at to investigate the knowledge level about HIV/AIDS among the villagers. Data and necessary information were collected from one hundred villagers of Salmanpur from Comilla district, Bangladesh through a structured questionnaire. The collected data were used for univariate analysis, to carry out the description of the variables;and to justify the total score of knowledge about HIV/AIDS among the respondents, Cronbach’s alpha (α) was calculated. The results revealed that almost all the respondents (92.00%) were ever heard about HIV/AIDS and half of them (51.00%) were known it as a communicable disease. Majority of the respondents (62.00%) believed that it is caused by heterosexual relation as well as sex with HIV positive persons. However, a good number of respondents were found unaware about the major causes and preventive ways of AIDS. Less than half of the respondents (45.00%) had medium knowledge (α = 0.34 - 0.66) and only 36.00% had the enough knowledge about HIV/AIDS. The knowledge level is increasing with the increase of education level, and the respondents who involved in agricultural works are found the lowest knowledge level (47.00%) about HIV/AIDS. The villagers were known about HIV/AIDS but they do not have accurate information about the ways in which AIDS virus can or cannot be transmitted. Therefore, effective programs should be taken to increase the knowledge level about HIV/AIDS among the villagers in Bangladesh.

The Participation Path Analysis of Local Community in Ethnic Tourism Destination

Community participation of tourism development in ethnic tourism destinations has great significance to promote the evolution of national tourism.Based on the empowerment theory,this study constructs a theoretical model between tourism empowerment,social capital,tourism impact,and residents’willingness to participate tourism development.Taking Dong Village of Zhaoxing County in Southeast Guizhou Province of China as the case,structural equation model is applied to test the hypothetical relationships.Results show that economic,psychological,and social empowerment is related to residents’perception of tourism positive influence and their willingness to participate tourism development.In addition,positive tourism impact and social capital are also significant driving forces to enhance residents’initiative in tourism development.The higher social capital mainly comes from residents’perceived social empowerment.This study provides theoretical guidance for encouraging residents of ethnic tourism destinations to participate tourism and then promote local tourism development.

China's Expanding Participation in the UN Peacekeeping Operations

The UN-led peacekeeping operation is a lodestar within the field of current international security.As an important example of her peaceful diplomacy,China has consistently and continuously supported the UN-led peacekeeping operations since 1998 when China joined the UN peacekeeping Operation Special Committee.The Chinese peacekeepers accomplished their UN-authorized missions successfully.With their impressive professionalism,high spirits,combat capabilities,and outstanding achievements,the Chinese peacekeepers have been highly acknowledged by the UN organizations,the host nations and the international media.

Zhongguan Village,China's Silicon Valley

In 1999,driven by the dream of using technology to change people's lives, Li Yanhong,returned to Zhongguan- cun (Zhongguan Village in Chinese), Beijing from Silicon Valley in the U.S.to create Baidu.com.Over the years,Baidu has become the most frequently hitted website in China as well as the largest Chinese search engine and Chinese lan- guage website in the world.In

"Emperor's Power Far Away from the Countryside"and"Town in Charge of Village Affairs":The Extreme Grass-roots Management System is Not Conducive to the Healthy Development of the Countryside

This paper compares the two different rural management methods of"emperor’s power far away from the countryside"and"town in charge of village affairs",which shows that the extreme grass-roots management system is not conducive to rural development.This paper also points out that rural development needs to find a road of sustainable development in line with its own characteristics,which is the fundamental shortcut to change poverty and become rich for a long time.

The Scope of China's Service Sectors Permitting Foreign Participation

Finance It is permitted to establish Sino-foreign joint-venture financial companies, wholly foreign-owned financial companies, and Sino-foreign joint-venture banks, provided that both sides in the joint venture are financial institutions, and the foreign side has a representative office in China.

It's a Village Life!

I love Beijing, but after a long working week, nothing suits me better than "heading for the hills," or really the village! We have found a quiet place to while away the weekend...no telephone, no computer, no honking horns and busy weekend shopping trips, no entertaining or being entertained. Friday afternoon ends and we are anxious to be out of the city as soon as possible.

The Literature Review of Teacher’s Feedback and Students’ Participation in Class

Teacher’s feedback has been studied by a large number of researchers by scholars from various angles.Along with teach⁃er’s feedback,students’participation in class,another vital topic concerning education,has also caught people’s attention in re⁃cent years.This paper is the literature review of teacher’s feedback and students’participation in class.The review of teacher’s feedback focuses on its definition,classification and function;and the literature review of students’participation in class centers around its definition,value and the method to improve students’participation in class.

HANDICRAFTS BOOST VILLAGER’S INCOME IN MAINLING

Some Tibetan people regard it as a luxury or of high class to drink tea or wine in a silver-plated wooden bowl,with such bowls mostly made in Tibet’s places of lower attitude like in eastern Nyingchi City.Known as the Tibetan medicinal world,the region’s Mainling

Advancing Arts One village’s oil paintings lead the development of south China’s cultural industries

The Dafen art museum, the largest such museum in Shenzhen, was built int he village in 2007 to he a platform for art exhibitions and exchange,

S-O-R理论框架下传统村落品牌“商品化”路径探析——以张谷英村为例

打造传统村落地方品牌并将其转化为实际效益,是实现乡村旅游活化的有效途径。基于S-O-R理论,构建研究理论框架,以湖南岳阳张谷英村为例,运用结构方程模型进行定量实证分析,结果表明:传统村落品牌“商品化”进程涵盖了品牌价值提升、文化价值延伸、经济效益转化三部分;传统村落地方品牌建构对游客消费行为起间接影响作用,地方依恋是沟通地方品牌建构与游客消费行为的“桥梁”,其中介效应得到了验证;为实现地方品牌价值向经济效益的有效转化,应当深度挖掘传统村落文化内涵,注重保护乡土景观,完善食宿消费服务体系,使单一产业转向多产业模式发展。

US High-tech Firms Participating In China's 'Tri-gold Program'

The ’tri-gold program’ aiming at improving information exchange for China’s national economy has been put into practice. The ’Gold bridge’ project forms the infrastructure for the information exchange of the national economy. It makes great contributions to the control and decision-making of the country’s macro-economy, to the promotion of social productivity, and to relieving the bottleneck pressure on the parts of energy, communications and environment. The ’Gold Customs’ project aims at realizing paperless foreign trade. The ’Gold card’ project involves modern payment means, such as

村域社会资本与农村老人的社区治理参与

基于对全国11个省份1137位农村老人的问卷调查,从村域社会网络、村域信任和村域规范3个维度考察了村域社会资本对农村老人社区治理参与的影响。结果表明,村域社会网络、村域信任和村域规范均显著正向影响农村老人的社区治理参与,且这一结果具有稳健性。村域社会网络、村域信任和村域规范对农村老人社区治理参与的影响存在着性别、年龄和政治身份的群体差异,特别是村域社会资本的各个维度仅显著影响了非党员群体的社区治理参与,而对党员群体的影响不显著。研究进一步发现,村域社会资本主要通过公平感提升和支持获得状况改善影响农村老人的社区治理参与。要发挥村域社会资本的作用,须打造社区参与平台及空间,为积累村域社会资本提供土壤;还须通过培育参与意识和公共精神,促进村域社会资本的积累,延续村域社会资本的生命力。

数字技术促进村民参与乡村治理的作用机制——基于技术执行框架的案例研究

乡村数字治理实践中,技术应用对村民参与的促进机制有待深入探索。借鉴技术执行框架,通过一个乡村数字治理的典型案例研究发现,在数字平台建设中,乡镇政府融合了包括场景映射、技术容纳和便利互动的技术应用创新,以及利益兑现、治理整合和角色归位的制度创新。技术应用与制度创新共同面向参与的动力、行动与有效性,构成了按参与“分配”、功能集成,以及权能塑造的村民参与促进机制。作为启示,对乡村数字治理的研究和实践,应当关注数字技术执行阶段,注重技术应用与制度创新的协同作用。

村庄治理集体行动的要素——基于扎根理论的W镇道路建设案例研究

乡村道路建设是村庄治理集体行动的重要内容,本文以W镇道路建设意见为个案进行田野调查,运用扎根理论对访谈内容进行三级编码,得出村庄治理集体行动的发展目标、村庄与村民、统筹管理、矛盾纠纷、成本分担、利益分配六个要素,并以共建共治共享理念为切入点,提出村庄治理集体行动的前提性要素、基础性要素、过程性要素、协商性要素、支撑性要素、驱动性要素,为村庄治理集体行动的有效推进提供理据支持。