Research on the Design and Application of Virtual and Real Integrated Training Platform Based on Intelligent Manufacturing

In this paper,we built a robot training platform using virtual simulation software,and the robot assembly,handling,and palletizing were realized.The workstation includes an industrial robot,gas control unit,track function module,assembly function module,palletizing function module,vision module,etc.,and robot movement is achieved through language programming.The platform provides conditions for the practical ability training of application-oriented talents.

Virtual CIM and Digital Manufacturing

Manufacturing enterprises play an important role in improving the economic environment of a country.Today,the capability to produce high quality products with shorter delivery time and the ability to produce according to the diverse customer requirements has become the characteristics of successful manufacturing industries. Application of intelligent manufacturing systems and Computer integrated manufacturing (CIM) are the most effective methods for overcoming the issues faced by present day manufactures while retaining the employment level and revenue of a country in today’s highly competitive global market. With the developments taking place in CIM and its related technologies,the application of CIM in manufacturing enterprises has become a reality from the dream. This paper highlights the historical developments towards automation and the need for CIM systems. Furthermore,it analyses some new terms such as agile manufacturing,digital manufacturing,agent-based manufacturing and others,which have been emerging recently,and argues all these new technologies are the subsystems of CIM. In addition,this paper provides a new direction in CIM to fulfil the emerging challenges in today’s global market and to satisfy the emerging need of virtual enterprises in the form of Virtual CIM.

Simulation Based Energy-resource Efficient Manufacturing Integrated with In-process Virtual Management

As energy efficiency is one of the key essentials towards sustainability, the development of an energy-resource efficient manufacturing system is among the great challenges facing the current industry. Meanwhile, the availability of advanced technological innovation has created more complex manufacturing systems that involve a large variety of processes and machines serving different functions. To extend the limited knowledge on energy-efficient scheduling, the research presented in this paper attempts to model the production schedule at an operation process by considering the balance of energy consumption reduction in production, production work flow （productivity） and quality. An innovative systematic approach to manufacturing energy-resource efficiency is proposed with the virtual simulation as a predictive modelling enabler, which provides real-time manufacturing monitoring, virtual displays and decision-makings and consequentially an analytical and multidimensional correlation analysis on interdependent relationships among energy consumption, work flow and quality errors. The regression analysis results demonstrate positive relationships between the work flow and quality errors and the work flow and energy consumption. When production scheduling is controlled through optimization of work flow, quality errors and overall energy consumption, the energy-resource efficiency can be achieved in the production. Together, this proposed multidimensional modelling and analysis approach provides optimal conditions for the production scheduling at the manufacturing system by taking account of production quality, energy consumption and resource efficiency, which can lead to the key competitive advantages and sustainability of the system operations in the industry.

Multilevel manufacturing system of virtual enterprise based on manufacturing grid and strategies for member enterprise selection and task assignment

In order to improve efficiency of virtual enterprise, a manufacturing grid and multilevel manufacturing system of virtual enterprise is built up. When selecting member enterprises and task assignment based on the manufacturing grid, key activities are assigned to the suitable critical member enterprises by task decomposition, enterprise node searching and characteristic matching of manufacturing resources according to the characteristic matching strategy. By task merger, some ordinary activities are merged with corresponding key activities and assigned to corresponding critical member enterprises. However, the other ordinary activities are assigned to the related ordinary member enterprises with enterprise node searching and characteristic matching of manufacturing resources. Finally, an example of developing the artificial hip joint in the virtual enterprise is used to demonstrate that efficiency of the virtual enterprise is improved by using the manufacturing grid and the proposed strategies for member enterprise selection and task assignment.

Exploiting Virtual Elasticity of Manufacturing Systems to Respect OTD—Part 2: Post-Optimality Conditions for the Cases of Ergodic and Non-Ergodic Order Rate with Deterministic Product-Mix

Respecting the on-time delivery (OTD) for manufacturing orders is mandatory. However, for non-JIT Batch & Queue Push-manufacturing systems, the compliance of OTD is not intrinsically guaranteed. As an OTD related manufacturing theory is largely missing it is crucial to understand and formalize the necessary conditions of OTD compliance for complex production environments for maximum exploitation of the production capacity. This paper evaluates the conditions of post-optimality while being OTD compliant for production systems, which are characterized by stochastic order rate and a deterministic product-mix. Instead of applying discrete event simulation to explore the real case-by-case order scheduling optimization for OTD compliance, a Cartesian approach is followed. This enables to define theoretically the solution space of order backlog for OTD, which contributes to developing further manufacturing theory. At the base stands the recently defined new concept of virtual manufacturing elasticity by reducing lead-time to increase virtually production capacity. The result has led to defining additional two corollaries to the OTD theorem, which sets up basic OTD theory. Apart from defining the post-optimal requirements to guarantee for orders at least a weak solution for OTD compliance, this paper reveals that for a deterministic product-mix a non-ergodic order arrival rate can be rescheduled into an ergodic order input rate to the shopfloor if the virtual elasticity T is large enough, hence the importance of having fast and flexible production lines.

Integration of Manufacturing Services into Virtual Environments over the Internet

Virtual reality (VR) is a rapidly developing technology that has a wide spectrum of industrial and commercial applications. Networked (distributed or shared) virtual environments (VE) are of growing interest to modern manufacturing industry; a dominating use of networked virtual manufacturing environments (VMEs) is on-line visualisation and collaborative control of 3D information. This has to be supported by real-time data transfer. To meet a broad range of common requirements for Internet-based VE communications, particularly for virtual manufacturing and collaborative design and control, this paper presents a networked virtual environment system that is designed to support networked virtual design and manufacturing. The system is implemented with manufacturing message specification (MMS) standards so as to integrate a range of manufacturing services into networked VEs over the Internet.

Architecture of Virtual Manufacturing based on Autonomous Manufacturing Islands

Virtual manufacturing (VM) is an integrated synthetic manufacturing environment exercised to enhance all levels of decision and control in a manufacturing networked enterprise. Autonomous manufacturing island (AMI) is an active, dynamic and flexible production cell in the domain of technology, organization and management. This paper explains the concept of VM, proposes the architecture of VM based on AMI and discusses its characteristics. Lastly, a pilot system of virtual manufacturing based on AMI is introduced.

Organizing of Virtual Enterprise for Customized Artificial Joint and Scheduling of Manufacturing Resources Based on Manufacturing Grid

In order to improve efficiency of developing customized artificial joint, a virtual enterprise is organized based on the manufacturing grid. The application-oriented framework of the virtual enterprise is created for organization of the virtual enterprise. The manufacturing system of the virtual enterprise is built up based on the exterior grid and manufacturing subsystems of member enterprises are set up based on the interior grid. Furthermore, according to characteristic matching of manufacturing resources, the scheduling flow is studied in detail and the related scheduling strategies are established. The scheduling procedure is divided into distributed scheduling stage and local scheduling stage.Based on the manufacturing grid, the organization of the virtual enterprise for customized artificial joint and the corresponding scheduling strategies can be utilized to shorten developing cycle and reduce produce cost.

Immersive Display Interface Specification Standards in Virtual Manufacturing:A Prototype

In this paper we briefly describe our effort in developing standards for immersive display interfaces in virtual manufacturing.This work is being conducted in collaboration with the National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST).First we review the concept of virtual manufacturing,discuss its scope and lay the contextual foundation for describing our application.Next we describe a prototype implementation of immersive display interfaces in virtual manufacturing.This prototype is based on processing the output of a factory simulation model.Finally we describe the standards emerging from this prototype.

A SYSTEMATIC ARCHITECTURE AND MODELING OF VIRTUAL MANUFACTURING AND MEASURING CELL

The concept of virtual manufacturing and measuring cell (VMMC) is proposed, the systematic architecture of the VMMC is established and two key problems: the error fusion in machining and the reconstructable modeling of workpiece during virtual manufacturing and measuring, are discussed. An actual VMMC is presented as an example and its modularized frame is introduced.

Applications and research trends of digital human models in the manufacturing industry

Virtual reality(VR)has been widely used in various manufacturing industries,and VR-based virtual manufacturing has received significant attention in the current intelligent manufacturing era.Digital human models(DHMs)are essential for virtual manufacturing applications.Additionally,researching new applications of DHMs has developed into an important academic research field.This paper aims to identify the applications and research trends of DHMs in the manufacturing industry and to provide a reference for the continued development of virtual manufacturing and DHMs.We selected a total of 49 related articles from a large number of articles published between 2014 and 2019.The applications of DHMs in the manufacturing industry are analyzed from different perspectives and various relevant technical limitations are discussed.The results indicate that the applications of DHMs differ significantly between different types of fields.The automotive industry is the main application field for DHMs,and assembly/maintenance simulations and evaluations are the main application types.Additionally,there are still some limitations in the establishment of virtual environments,motion control,and DHM evaluation that should be addressed.Finally,research trends in the application of DHMs are illustrated and discussed,including the planning and assessment of human-robot collaboration systems,the combination of DHMs and augmented reality,and improved motion planning for DHMs.In summary,the application of DHMs can improve the realism and effectiveness of virtual manufacturing,and DHMs will be more widely and deeply studied and applied in various manufacturing industries in the near future.

The Experiment Method for Manufacturing Grid Development on Single Computer

In this paper,an experiment method for the Manufacturing Grid application system development in the single personal computer environment is proposed.The characteristic of the proposed method is constructing a full prototype Manufactur- ing Grid application system which is hosted on a single personal computer with the virtual machine technology.Firstly,it builds all the Manufacturing Grid physical resource nodes on an abstraction layer of a single personal computer with the virtual machine tech- nology.Secondly,all the virtual Manufacturing Grid resource nodes will be connected with virtual network and the application software will be deployed on each Manufacturing Grid nodes.Then,we can obtain a prototype Manufacturing Grid application system which is working in the single personal computer,and can carry on the experiment on this foundation.Compared with the known experiment methods for the Manufacturing Grid application system development,the proposed method has the advantages of the known methods,such as cost inexpensively,operation simple,and can get the confidence experiment result easily.The Manu- facturing Grid application system constructed with the proposed method has the high scalability,stability and reliability.It is can be migrated to the real application environment rapidly.

Study on the Manufacturability Evaluation Based on Double-layer Model of Manufacturing Resources

Virtual organization is a new production patter and a principal part in advanced manufacturing systems such as agile manufacturing. Manufacturability evaluation is the necessary condition to form the virtual organization. A new manufacturability evaluation approach is described in this paper, which is carried out based on every process feature under the double-layer model of manufacturing resources proposed by authors. The manufacturing resources that build up the virtual organization are selected according to the results of manufacturability evaluation.

Agile Manufacturing of Complex Moulds For Punch Devices

This paper focuses on agile manufacturing of complex moulds for punch devices and a decision analysis for the key link of agile manufacturing resources integration—the virtual company in a multivariate criterion universe of discourse. On the basis of presenting an agile manufacturing model of complex moulds for punch devices, we give a fuzzy decision method of two level judgment space of synthetic decision and several key problems which the production of complex moulds for punch devices must face under the architecture hierarchy of agile manufacturing. We give a fuzzy decision method of two level judgment space of synthetic decision and several key problems which the production of complex parts must face under the architecture hierarchy of agile manufacturing.

Virtual manufacturing in Industry 4.0:A review

Virtual manufacturing is one of the key components of Industry 4.0,the fourth industrial revolution,in improving manufacturing processes.Virtual manufacturing enables manufacturers to optimize their production processes using real-time data from sensors and other connected devices in Industry 4.0.Web-based virtual manufacturing platforms are a critical component of Industry 4.0,enabling manufacturers to design,test,and optimize their processes collaboratively and efficiently.In Industry 4.0,radio frequency identification(RFID)technology is used to provide real-time visibility and control of the supply chain as well as to enable the automation of various manufacturing processes.Big data analytics can be used in conjunction with virtual manufacturing to provide valuable insights and optimize production processes in Industry 4.0.Artificial intelligence(AI)and virtual manufacturing have the potential to enhance the effectiveness,consistency,and adaptability of manufacturing processes,resulting in faster production cycles,better-quality products,and lower prices.Recent developments in the application of virtual manufacturing systems to digital manufacturing platforms from different perspectives,such as the Internet of things,big data analytics,additive manufacturing,autonomous robots,cybersecurity,and RFID technology in Industry 4.0,are discussed in this study to analyze and develop the part manufacturing process in Industry 4.0.The limitations and advantages of virtual manufacturing systems in Industry 4.0 are discussed,and future research projects are also proposed.Thus,productivity in the part manufacturing process can be enhanced by reviewing and analyzing the applications of virtual manufacturing in Industry 4.0.

虚拟制造技术(VMT)的发展与应用研究

对虚拟制造技术的发展与应用进行论述,重点介绍虚拟制造产生的背景和涵义,虚拟制造与实际制造的关系,实施虚拟制造的收益,虚拟制造的关键技术及目前的研究与应用现状等,并对虚拟制造的应用前景及发展方向进行展望。

高可靠In-VM隐藏进程对抗检测方法

通过隐藏进程执行恶意代码是信息攻击的一种重要手段,目前虚拟化平台中In-VM隐藏进程检测方法还存在被绕过和相关数据被篡改的可能性,针对这一问题,提出了一种高可靠In-VM隐藏进程对抗检测方法.该方法利用In-VM模型,通过改进虚拟化内存保护机制保护隐藏进程检测代码及其相关内核数据,确保其不被恶意篡改;通过准确劫持系统调用函数,并结合交叉视图方法检测隐藏进程,确保隐藏进程的检测算法无法被绕过.实验选取并构建多种典型的Rootkit隐藏进程,结果表明,该方法可以检测各种Rootkit隐藏进程,其隐藏进程检测代码及其相关数据无法被恶意篡改,检测算法和内存保护机制无法被绕过,而且改进的虚拟化内存保护机制对系统的性能影响更小,方法的可靠性高,实用价值大.

一种安全VM-vTPM迁移协议的设计与实现

在分析现有vTPM迁移方案的基础上提出了安全VM-vTPM迁移的安全需求,并针对这些安全需求,提出了一种新的安全VM-vTPM迁移协议。详细阐述了协议各阶段涉及的具体内容,并对其进行了安全评估。最后,基于Xen讨论了其实现及性能开支。

基于虚拟制造(VM)技术的工具类产品设计研究

文章基于虚拟制造技术,以工具类产品——摘果器设计为例,对其进行了虚拟建模,产品使用环境仿真,和同类产品优缺点对比,虚拟装配等方面的具体研究。展现了虚拟制造技术在产品开发中扮演的重要角色,最终提出了基于虚拟制造技术的工具类产品开发模型流程图,以便于为工具类产品提供一个迅速,方便,高效的设计模式,从而降低成本,缩短产品开发周期,达到产品一次性制造成功的目的。

虚拟研究开发中心(Virtual R&D)——基于网络的异地合作设计模式

研究了虚拟研究开发中心这种基于网络的异地合作设计模式。对虚拟研究开发中心建立的背景进行了分析 ,提出了一种体系结构 ,并对建立虚拟研究开发中心的可行性、对我国制造业的意义和目前要做的工作进行了讨论。