This study used a descriptive-quantitative research method as it describes the profile of Chinese university professors in terms of age,gender,and educational background.It also described the leadership virtues in ter...This study used a descriptive-quantitative research method as it describes the profile of Chinese university professors in terms of age,gender,and educational background.It also described the leadership virtues in terms of prudence,fortitude,temperance,and justice;professional self-esteem in terms of career choice and adaptability,career satisfaction and values,career impact and fulfillment,and career competence and evaluation;and teaching management in terms of teaching management and evaluation,the area of teaching and research activities,and the area of collective lesson planning activities.Diversity leadership training and instructional management training are provided to meet the needs of different groups of faculty and staff of different gender,age,and education levels.Individualized professional development plans are based on the personal characteristics and needs of professors,particularly in the areas of leadership,teaching management,and career satisfaction.To address the relationship among leadership virtues,professional self-esteem,and teaching management,long-term,in-depth research is encouraged to better understand the dynamics between them.Based on the results,this paper recommends the implementation of the proposed professional development plan.展开更多
This article briefly analyzes the significance of the penetration of traditional Chinese virtue education in vocational English teaching,focusing on how to combine Chinese traditional virtue education with vocational ...This article briefly analyzes the significance of the penetration of traditional Chinese virtue education in vocational English teaching,focusing on how to combine Chinese traditional virtue education with vocational education.The the author proposes specific suggestions and counter measures for the effective integration of Chinese and international moral and English teaching.The author points out that vocational English teaching should not only improve the ability of vocational students’listening,speaking,reading,and writing,but also pay attention to permeating Chinese traditional virtue education in the classroom of English teaching,so that they are deeply integrated,and finally let us students in vocational colleges be internalized and externalized.This will provide a certain reference for the majority of vocational English teaching workers.展开更多
The Confucianism has played a prominent role for thousands of years in boosting the tenacity of the Chinese nation towards innovation and development as well as in promoting and inheriting the traditional Chinese cult...The Confucianism has played a prominent role for thousands of years in boosting the tenacity of the Chinese nation towards innovation and development as well as in promoting and inheriting the traditional Chinese culture. Based on the five constant virtues of Confucianism,this paper analyzes the relationship between "benevolence,righteousness,etiquette,wisdom and credit"and creditability that We Media should construct,and elaborates the construction of value dimension system of We Media's creditability on talents, environments,orientations and innovations from four aspects. Namely,the cognitive and spiritual orientations that reinforce the five constant virtues,the propaganda cultivation that fuses them and the endogenous impetus stimulated by using them as reference.This paper is designed to tell all of the media and media practitioners to constantly remain vigilant of the social responsibilities they are taking and the social value they should create.T hey should take an initiative to guide their serving objects to foster a proper consensus outlook and value and meeting the mass audience's demands and desires on information.展开更多
Images of flowers frequently appear in Emily Dickinson's poems. Through employing these charming images Dickinson re vealed her unique view on a lady's virtues. She praised the precious virtues of being modest...Images of flowers frequently appear in Emily Dickinson's poems. Through employing these charming images Dickinson re vealed her unique view on a lady's virtues. She praised the precious virtues of being modest, brave, firm, selfless, and responsible.展开更多
According to the analytically semantic linkage of“good-right-rights-justice”formed in the real conflicts among goods and especially among people,we should not confuse the global justice principle of“equal respect f...According to the analytically semantic linkage of“good-right-rights-justice”formed in the real conflicts among goods and especially among people,we should not confuse the global justice principle of“equal respect for everyone’s basic rights”with the global virtue principle of“equal satisfaction of everyone’s basic needs.”Correspondingly,while global virtues and the national interest may and can be reconciled with each other,global justice should not make compromises to the national interest precisely because of its ultimate priority.展开更多
“Cultivating people by virtue”has become the foundation of China’s education,and is the top priority of college education.“Only the learned can become teachers,and only those who behave properly can become role mo...“Cultivating people by virtue”has become the foundation of China’s education,and is the top priority of college education.“Only the learned can become teachers,and only those who behave properly can become role models”.The construction of teachers’ethics in colleges and universities is the premise of realizing the fundamental task of moral education,the need of teachers,the key to realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,and it is also the way to correct the bad atmosphere in colleges and universities.In the construction of teachers’ethics,teachers should understand their roles and improve their professional ethics,schools should improve the guarantee system of teachers’ethics construction,meanwhile,improve the status of teachers and create a social environment of respecting teachers and valuing teachers.展开更多
This paper argues that rather than looking to the past for a previously developed set of traditional values and virtues we should instead look to the past for ways of thinking about morality and ethics which may be fo...This paper argues that rather than looking to the past for a previously developed set of traditional values and virtues we should instead look to the past for ways of thinking about morality and ethics which may be found in the "tradition" and which may also be relevant for the contemporary situation. It examines the causes of the disconnection between traditional ways of thinking and the contemporary situation at two levels: the marginalization of morality and the disarray in ethics. Both aspects are found to be rooted in the emergence of the empirical scientific differentiation of consciousness. The paper then goes on to ask what resources in the tradition may be found to overcome the gap between ancient and modem, or traditional and contemporary, ways of thinking about morality and ethics. The contemporary relevance of the thought of Bernard Lonergan to this issue is examined.展开更多
As an important thinker in the early South Song dynasty, Zhang Jiucheng differed in his thinking from the School of Principles of the Song and Ming dynasties, which was the mainstream at that time, and was thus exclud...As an important thinker in the early South Song dynasty, Zhang Jiucheng differed in his thinking from the School of Principles of the Song and Ming dynasties, which was the mainstream at that time, and was thus excluded by Zhu Xi and his followers. The relation between virtues and blessings was a characteristic part of Zhang's thought. By analyzing concepts like Heavenly mandates, virtues, blessings, luckiness and unluckiness in Zhang's thought, this essay re-defines the complicated but manifest relations between virtues and blessings; clarifies the trajectory of Zhang's thoughts on Heavenly mandates, virtues, and blessings; and displays the efforts of the Neo-Confucians of the Song dynasties to stress the value of human nature in the tension between Heavenly mandates and virtues.展开更多
This paper argues that the conformity-nonconformity dichotomy is a false dilemma.This study first critically reviews the basic philosophical,ethical,social psychological,and pedagogical literature related to the two c...This paper argues that the conformity-nonconformity dichotomy is a false dilemma.This study first critically reviews the basic philosophical,ethical,social psychological,and pedagogical literature related to the two concepts.It then outlines the way to overcome the phenomena of conformism and nonconformism together.The description of conformity and nonconformity as deprivation of freedom becomes stronger in 20th century philosophy and special literature from Heidegger through Fischer’s definition up to Cooley,and Crutchfield.Conformity is the sinking of the Self into the Anyone,the unprincipled alignment to the opinion of group mates,and nonconformity is the unprincipled resistance to it.But what is beyond conformity and nonconformity together as a group?There is a real community,in it the transformation of our pedagogical culture in a both useful and reasonable manner to allow the youth to accept the world by denying it and to deny the world by accepting it.The real community involves the virtue of goodness.Educate for goodness,because we possibly are the honest and humane man,who disregards the sinking of the self into the anyone and the self-contained rebellion.展开更多
During the reign of emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty,the political rule was relatively stable,the economy continued to develop,and both civil and martial situations flourished.The emperor’s love for jade articles...During the reign of emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty,the political rule was relatively stable,the economy continued to develop,and both civil and martial situations flourished.The emperor’s love for jade articles made this period a peak in the development of Chinese jade culture.Based on jade articles of emperor Qianlong collected in the Palace Museum and related documents and archives,this paper tries to explore characteristics of this collection and emperor Qianlong’s collecting methods,then explains that this collection not only has the functions of aesthetics,but also has the meaning of morality,religion and politics.展开更多
“Physical Geography” is a course to study human beings and the environment, revealing the basic characteristics, formation mechanism and development laws of various physical geography elements, with rich ideological...“Physical Geography” is a course to study human beings and the environment, revealing the basic characteristics, formation mechanism and development laws of various physical geography elements, with rich ideological and political elements and high moral value, and is an important course to cultivate geographical professional interests and enhance national pride. By fully sorting out the ideological and political resources contained in the curriculum, deeply excavating the ideological and political elements, and reasonably designing the integration, this paper analyzed the dimensions of ideological and political education in the physical geography curriculum. Taking professional knowledge as the main line, the educational elements in five aspects were refined, namely, philosophical thinking, power of a big country, patriotism, strict science, and aesthetic education. This paper established the ideological and political element system of the curriculum, and achieved the moral education of the professional curriculum moisturizing and silent effect.展开更多
Emma is widely considered to be Jane Austen's finest work,in which Austen portrays the heroine,Emma Woodhouse,as"the beauty ideal of the female character. "Emma is nearly perfect and seems "to unite...Emma is widely considered to be Jane Austen's finest work,in which Austen portrays the heroine,Emma Woodhouse,as"the beauty ideal of the female character. "Emma is nearly perfect and seems "to unite some of the best blessings of existence. "However,she is full of faults. Though these mistakes seriously ruin Harriet Smith's happiness,cause Emma's embarrassment and create obstacles to Emma's own achievement of true love,none of them has lasting consequences. Emma is always on her way of remedying and struggling to develop. She moves slowly and uncertainly to self-knowledge and maturity. These qualities make Emma so unique. Emma should be loved,as she is loved,for her faults as well as for her virtues.展开更多
In this paper,we have asked what qualities individuals and organizations need for the success in the midst of large scale system transformation.Digital transformation is an example of such large-scale system change.Fi...In this paper,we have asked what qualities individuals and organizations need for the success in the midst of large scale system transformation.Digital transformation is an example of such large-scale system change.First,we have reviewed the empirical research on digital transformation and job redesign in order to explore qualities employees need to thrive in the digitally transformed job settings.Second,we have studied soft system regularities in order to tap into organizational-level qualities that allow for the successful large-scale system transformation.Based on these reviews,we have come up with the proposition that greater attention should be paid to the quality of the individual and collective awareness(defined as the capacity of expanded,inclusive attention).We have proposed that virtues in action and individual strengths(VIA-IS)to serve as a possible indicator of the quality of the individual awareness.Next,we have proposed that organizational presencing/absencing can serve as the possible indicator of the quality of organizational level awareness.Exploring the relationship between the individual awareness(indicated by VIA-IS)and organizational awareness(indicated by absencing/presencing)and organizational effectiveness revealed a set of compelling results:(1)The quality of personal level awareness(indicated by VIA-IS framework)varies significantly across different organizational positions,whereby middle managers hold the highest levels of individual awareness;and(2)presencing is positively associated with organizational performance,while absencing holds negative relationship.These findings reveal that quality of awareness(either at the individual and/or collective level)may be a promising line of organizational research with a decent predictive power in many organizational domains.展开更多
In Milton's Paradise Lost, Satan is conspicuously depicted as the "mighty chief" (I 566) and "the dread commander" (I 589) of the rebel army. True to the Hebrew meaning of his name, Satan poses appropriately ...In Milton's Paradise Lost, Satan is conspicuously depicted as the "mighty chief" (I 566) and "the dread commander" (I 589) of the rebel army. True to the Hebrew meaning of his name, Satan poses appropriately as a grand "Adversary" (I 629; II 282) to "wage by force or guile eternal war" (I 121) against God. The poet has deliberately built up a parallel between Satan and Christ the Son, who is the commander-in-chief of the angelic army. With "Almighty arms / Gird on, and Sword upon [his] puissant Thigh" (VI 713-14), the Son certainly makes an impressive figure of warrior-general. Satan's stance as the "idol of majesty divine" is really extraordinary. During the War in Heaven, he does show superhuman courage and strength; his ability to change his bodily form has no doubt increased his potential as a warrior. Furthermore, he commands a highly disciplined army, surpassing by far the best troops in human history. All this seems to indicate Satan as a great hero. Even before God proclaims the Son to be raised "by merit" to the position of"second omnipotence" (III 309), Milton has already made it clear to the reader that Satan, too, is "by merit rais'd / To that bad eminence" (II 5-6). This ambivalent merit of Satan has incurred heated controversy among the critics. The present paper will set out to analyze the encounter between Satan and the Son in Paradise Lost, in an effort to determine the true meaning of heroism.展开更多
Through comparison, this paper finds out that William Shakespeare (1564-1616), the most popular and wide respected writer in all English literatures and a great dramatist and humanist in the English Renaissance peri...Through comparison, this paper finds out that William Shakespeare (1564-1616), the most popular and wide respected writer in all English literatures and a great dramatist and humanist in the English Renaissance perio ly d, coincides in speaking highly of love, loyalty, intelligence, harmony, integrity, righteousness, friendship, and so on with Chinese Confucian values--the most precious treasure of Chinese traditional culture reflected in the Three Cardinal Guides and the Five Constant Virtues used by Chinese people in maintaining the stability and harmony of the whole nation and society--through vivid interpretation of human ethical relations in many of his works. At present, the world comparative literature studies have entered the third stage in the circumstance of globalization and internationalization, this finding is with paramount significance in construction of the mechanism of mutual recognition, mutual justification, mutual supplementation and mutual appreciation of heterogeneous cultures. This study, taking The Winter's Tale (1623) as a case, is about universality, unity, and shared values of the Confucianism and Shakespeare's plays in the perspective of the coexistence of multiple cultures. This paper is with four parts: (1) mechanism of mutual understanding, mutual justification, mutual supplementation, and mutual appreciation introduced in the first part; (2) the Confucian values addressed in details in the second part; (3) the third part is a case study; and (4) the last part shows how the Chinese and Western literatures and cultures can be understood, assisted, communicated, and appreciated with each other by the way of comparing the great works of Shakespeare and the Confucian values featured with universalism to a certain extent展开更多
The core concepts of Confucianism were developed over the change of the times by Confucian scholars after Zi Si and Mencius, and have formed their respective structures: The three great principles of "benevolence...The core concepts of Confucianism were developed over the change of the times by Confucian scholars after Zi Si and Mencius, and have formed their respective structures: The three great principles of "benevolence, wisdom and bravery," and the self-cultivation model of "benevolence, righteousness and propriety" by Confucius. Following Confucius, Zi Si vigorously advocated the five virtues of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and sage."Mencius initiated the four cardinal virtues of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom."Xun Zi often constructed the collocation of "benevolence and righteousness, rites and music, and loyalty and trustworthiness."Dong Zhongshu finally developed the five constant virtues of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness."In a simple, clear, practical and feasible way, the core values of Confucianism have won support among the people and have had an impact on Chinese society for more than two thousand years. Being open and inclusive, the connotation of Confucianism took advantage of the strengths of different schools of philosophy in ancient China, and adopted changes from philosophies with positive attitudes. The Bashu area, in the southwest of China, has inherited the tradition of adhering to the Tao(natural order of the Universe) and valuing morality. Shu scholars have creatively built the core values of "the Tao, virtue, benevolence, righteousness and propriety," and developed a characteristic branch of philosophy above and beyond the Confucian scholars of the Central Plains. This concept stems from Yan Junping of the Western Han Dynasty, promoted by Yang Xiong, developed by Zhao Rui of the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Shangying and Su Dongpo of the Song Dynasty, and Lai Zhide of the Ming Dynasty, then further developed by Liu Yuan and Duan Zhengyuan of the Qing Dynasty, and formed the persistent system of core values of the Shu School. Compared with the values of orthodox Confucianism, the core values of the Shu School have the functions of"a unity of metaphysics and physics"and"a combination of theory and practice,"which remedy the lack of Confucianism's ultimate concern for ontology and the lack of Taoism's realistic concern for practicality.展开更多
本文在Wilga M.Rivers提出的交互式教学原则的基础上,以The Virtue Called Devotion一课的教学设计与教学过程为例,探讨了在多媒体环境下,将交互式教学模式引入预科英语精读课堂教学的可行方法,旨在为学生创造更多使用英语的机会,增强...本文在Wilga M.Rivers提出的交互式教学原则的基础上,以The Virtue Called Devotion一课的教学设计与教学过程为例,探讨了在多媒体环境下,将交互式教学模式引入预科英语精读课堂教学的可行方法,旨在为学生创造更多使用英语的机会,增强学生的学习兴趣,从而提高课堂教学质量。展开更多
文摘This study used a descriptive-quantitative research method as it describes the profile of Chinese university professors in terms of age,gender,and educational background.It also described the leadership virtues in terms of prudence,fortitude,temperance,and justice;professional self-esteem in terms of career choice and adaptability,career satisfaction and values,career impact and fulfillment,and career competence and evaluation;and teaching management in terms of teaching management and evaluation,the area of teaching and research activities,and the area of collective lesson planning activities.Diversity leadership training and instructional management training are provided to meet the needs of different groups of faculty and staff of different gender,age,and education levels.Individualized professional development plans are based on the personal characteristics and needs of professors,particularly in the areas of leadership,teaching management,and career satisfaction.To address the relationship among leadership virtues,professional self-esteem,and teaching management,long-term,in-depth research is encouraged to better understand the dynamics between them.Based on the results,this paper recommends the implementation of the proposed professional development plan.
文摘This article briefly analyzes the significance of the penetration of traditional Chinese virtue education in vocational English teaching,focusing on how to combine Chinese traditional virtue education with vocational education.The the author proposes specific suggestions and counter measures for the effective integration of Chinese and international moral and English teaching.The author points out that vocational English teaching should not only improve the ability of vocational students’listening,speaking,reading,and writing,but also pay attention to permeating Chinese traditional virtue education in the classroom of English teaching,so that they are deeply integrated,and finally let us students in vocational colleges be internalized and externalized.This will provide a certain reference for the majority of vocational English teaching workers.
基金the rusult of the project of the Five Constant Virtues of Confucianism and Value Dimension Construction of Mainstream’s Credibility(Sk2014A440)
文摘The Confucianism has played a prominent role for thousands of years in boosting the tenacity of the Chinese nation towards innovation and development as well as in promoting and inheriting the traditional Chinese culture. Based on the five constant virtues of Confucianism,this paper analyzes the relationship between "benevolence,righteousness,etiquette,wisdom and credit"and creditability that We Media should construct,and elaborates the construction of value dimension system of We Media's creditability on talents, environments,orientations and innovations from four aspects. Namely,the cognitive and spiritual orientations that reinforce the five constant virtues,the propaganda cultivation that fuses them and the endogenous impetus stimulated by using them as reference.This paper is designed to tell all of the media and media practitioners to constantly remain vigilant of the social responsibilities they are taking and the social value they should create.T hey should take an initiative to guide their serving objects to foster a proper consensus outlook and value and meeting the mass audience's demands and desires on information.
文摘Images of flowers frequently appear in Emily Dickinson's poems. Through employing these charming images Dickinson re vealed her unique view on a lady's virtues. She praised the precious virtues of being modest, brave, firm, selfless, and responsible.
文摘According to the analytically semantic linkage of“good-right-rights-justice”formed in the real conflicts among goods and especially among people,we should not confuse the global justice principle of“equal respect for everyone’s basic rights”with the global virtue principle of“equal satisfaction of everyone’s basic needs.”Correspondingly,while global virtues and the national interest may and can be reconciled with each other,global justice should not make compromises to the national interest precisely because of its ultimate priority.
文摘“Cultivating people by virtue”has become the foundation of China’s education,and is the top priority of college education.“Only the learned can become teachers,and only those who behave properly can become role models”.The construction of teachers’ethics in colleges and universities is the premise of realizing the fundamental task of moral education,the need of teachers,the key to realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,and it is also the way to correct the bad atmosphere in colleges and universities.In the construction of teachers’ethics,teachers should understand their roles and improve their professional ethics,schools should improve the guarantee system of teachers’ethics construction,meanwhile,improve the status of teachers and create a social environment of respecting teachers and valuing teachers.
文摘This paper argues that rather than looking to the past for a previously developed set of traditional values and virtues we should instead look to the past for ways of thinking about morality and ethics which may be found in the "tradition" and which may also be relevant for the contemporary situation. It examines the causes of the disconnection between traditional ways of thinking and the contemporary situation at two levels: the marginalization of morality and the disarray in ethics. Both aspects are found to be rooted in the emergence of the empirical scientific differentiation of consciousness. The paper then goes on to ask what resources in the tradition may be found to overcome the gap between ancient and modem, or traditional and contemporary, ways of thinking about morality and ethics. The contemporary relevance of the thought of Bernard Lonergan to this issue is examined.
文摘As an important thinker in the early South Song dynasty, Zhang Jiucheng differed in his thinking from the School of Principles of the Song and Ming dynasties, which was the mainstream at that time, and was thus excluded by Zhu Xi and his followers. The relation between virtues and blessings was a characteristic part of Zhang's thought. By analyzing concepts like Heavenly mandates, virtues, blessings, luckiness and unluckiness in Zhang's thought, this essay re-defines the complicated but manifest relations between virtues and blessings; clarifies the trajectory of Zhang's thoughts on Heavenly mandates, virtues, and blessings; and displays the efforts of the Neo-Confucians of the Song dynasties to stress the value of human nature in the tension between Heavenly mandates and virtues.
文摘This paper argues that the conformity-nonconformity dichotomy is a false dilemma.This study first critically reviews the basic philosophical,ethical,social psychological,and pedagogical literature related to the two concepts.It then outlines the way to overcome the phenomena of conformism and nonconformism together.The description of conformity and nonconformity as deprivation of freedom becomes stronger in 20th century philosophy and special literature from Heidegger through Fischer’s definition up to Cooley,and Crutchfield.Conformity is the sinking of the Self into the Anyone,the unprincipled alignment to the opinion of group mates,and nonconformity is the unprincipled resistance to it.But what is beyond conformity and nonconformity together as a group?There is a real community,in it the transformation of our pedagogical culture in a both useful and reasonable manner to allow the youth to accept the world by denying it and to deny the world by accepting it.The real community involves the virtue of goodness.Educate for goodness,because we possibly are the honest and humane man,who disregards the sinking of the self into the anyone and the self-contained rebellion.
文摘During the reign of emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty,the political rule was relatively stable,the economy continued to develop,and both civil and martial situations flourished.The emperor’s love for jade articles made this period a peak in the development of Chinese jade culture.Based on jade articles of emperor Qianlong collected in the Palace Museum and related documents and archives,this paper tries to explore characteristics of this collection and emperor Qianlong’s collecting methods,then explains that this collection not only has the functions of aesthetics,but also has the meaning of morality,religion and politics.
文摘“Physical Geography” is a course to study human beings and the environment, revealing the basic characteristics, formation mechanism and development laws of various physical geography elements, with rich ideological and political elements and high moral value, and is an important course to cultivate geographical professional interests and enhance national pride. By fully sorting out the ideological and political resources contained in the curriculum, deeply excavating the ideological and political elements, and reasonably designing the integration, this paper analyzed the dimensions of ideological and political education in the physical geography curriculum. Taking professional knowledge as the main line, the educational elements in five aspects were refined, namely, philosophical thinking, power of a big country, patriotism, strict science, and aesthetic education. This paper established the ideological and political element system of the curriculum, and achieved the moral education of the professional curriculum moisturizing and silent effect.
文摘Emma is widely considered to be Jane Austen's finest work,in which Austen portrays the heroine,Emma Woodhouse,as"the beauty ideal of the female character. "Emma is nearly perfect and seems "to unite some of the best blessings of existence. "However,she is full of faults. Though these mistakes seriously ruin Harriet Smith's happiness,cause Emma's embarrassment and create obstacles to Emma's own achievement of true love,none of them has lasting consequences. Emma is always on her way of remedying and struggling to develop. She moves slowly and uncertainly to self-knowledge and maturity. These qualities make Emma so unique. Emma should be loved,as she is loved,for her faults as well as for her virtues.
文摘In this paper,we have asked what qualities individuals and organizations need for the success in the midst of large scale system transformation.Digital transformation is an example of such large-scale system change.First,we have reviewed the empirical research on digital transformation and job redesign in order to explore qualities employees need to thrive in the digitally transformed job settings.Second,we have studied soft system regularities in order to tap into organizational-level qualities that allow for the successful large-scale system transformation.Based on these reviews,we have come up with the proposition that greater attention should be paid to the quality of the individual and collective awareness(defined as the capacity of expanded,inclusive attention).We have proposed that virtues in action and individual strengths(VIA-IS)to serve as a possible indicator of the quality of the individual awareness.Next,we have proposed that organizational presencing/absencing can serve as the possible indicator of the quality of organizational level awareness.Exploring the relationship between the individual awareness(indicated by VIA-IS)and organizational awareness(indicated by absencing/presencing)and organizational effectiveness revealed a set of compelling results:(1)The quality of personal level awareness(indicated by VIA-IS framework)varies significantly across different organizational positions,whereby middle managers hold the highest levels of individual awareness;and(2)presencing is positively associated with organizational performance,while absencing holds negative relationship.These findings reveal that quality of awareness(either at the individual and/or collective level)may be a promising line of organizational research with a decent predictive power in many organizational domains.
文摘In Milton's Paradise Lost, Satan is conspicuously depicted as the "mighty chief" (I 566) and "the dread commander" (I 589) of the rebel army. True to the Hebrew meaning of his name, Satan poses appropriately as a grand "Adversary" (I 629; II 282) to "wage by force or guile eternal war" (I 121) against God. The poet has deliberately built up a parallel between Satan and Christ the Son, who is the commander-in-chief of the angelic army. With "Almighty arms / Gird on, and Sword upon [his] puissant Thigh" (VI 713-14), the Son certainly makes an impressive figure of warrior-general. Satan's stance as the "idol of majesty divine" is really extraordinary. During the War in Heaven, he does show superhuman courage and strength; his ability to change his bodily form has no doubt increased his potential as a warrior. Furthermore, he commands a highly disciplined army, surpassing by far the best troops in human history. All this seems to indicate Satan as a great hero. Even before God proclaims the Son to be raised "by merit" to the position of"second omnipotence" (III 309), Milton has already made it clear to the reader that Satan, too, is "by merit rais'd / To that bad eminence" (II 5-6). This ambivalent merit of Satan has incurred heated controversy among the critics. The present paper will set out to analyze the encounter between Satan and the Son in Paradise Lost, in an effort to determine the true meaning of heroism.
文摘Through comparison, this paper finds out that William Shakespeare (1564-1616), the most popular and wide respected writer in all English literatures and a great dramatist and humanist in the English Renaissance perio ly d, coincides in speaking highly of love, loyalty, intelligence, harmony, integrity, righteousness, friendship, and so on with Chinese Confucian values--the most precious treasure of Chinese traditional culture reflected in the Three Cardinal Guides and the Five Constant Virtues used by Chinese people in maintaining the stability and harmony of the whole nation and society--through vivid interpretation of human ethical relations in many of his works. At present, the world comparative literature studies have entered the third stage in the circumstance of globalization and internationalization, this finding is with paramount significance in construction of the mechanism of mutual recognition, mutual justification, mutual supplementation and mutual appreciation of heterogeneous cultures. This study, taking The Winter's Tale (1623) as a case, is about universality, unity, and shared values of the Confucianism and Shakespeare's plays in the perspective of the coexistence of multiple cultures. This paper is with four parts: (1) mechanism of mutual understanding, mutual justification, mutual supplementation, and mutual appreciation introduced in the first part; (2) the Confucian values addressed in details in the second part; (3) the third part is a case study; and (4) the last part shows how the Chinese and Western literatures and cultures can be understood, assisted, communicated, and appreciated with each other by the way of comparing the great works of Shakespeare and the Confucian values featured with universalism to a certain extent
文摘The core concepts of Confucianism were developed over the change of the times by Confucian scholars after Zi Si and Mencius, and have formed their respective structures: The three great principles of "benevolence, wisdom and bravery," and the self-cultivation model of "benevolence, righteousness and propriety" by Confucius. Following Confucius, Zi Si vigorously advocated the five virtues of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom and sage."Mencius initiated the four cardinal virtues of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety and wisdom."Xun Zi often constructed the collocation of "benevolence and righteousness, rites and music, and loyalty and trustworthiness."Dong Zhongshu finally developed the five constant virtues of "benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, and trustworthiness."In a simple, clear, practical and feasible way, the core values of Confucianism have won support among the people and have had an impact on Chinese society for more than two thousand years. Being open and inclusive, the connotation of Confucianism took advantage of the strengths of different schools of philosophy in ancient China, and adopted changes from philosophies with positive attitudes. The Bashu area, in the southwest of China, has inherited the tradition of adhering to the Tao(natural order of the Universe) and valuing morality. Shu scholars have creatively built the core values of "the Tao, virtue, benevolence, righteousness and propriety," and developed a characteristic branch of philosophy above and beyond the Confucian scholars of the Central Plains. This concept stems from Yan Junping of the Western Han Dynasty, promoted by Yang Xiong, developed by Zhao Rui of the Tang Dynasty, Zhang Shangying and Su Dongpo of the Song Dynasty, and Lai Zhide of the Ming Dynasty, then further developed by Liu Yuan and Duan Zhengyuan of the Qing Dynasty, and formed the persistent system of core values of the Shu School. Compared with the values of orthodox Confucianism, the core values of the Shu School have the functions of"a unity of metaphysics and physics"and"a combination of theory and practice,"which remedy the lack of Confucianism's ultimate concern for ontology and the lack of Taoism's realistic concern for practicality.
文摘本文在Wilga M.Rivers提出的交互式教学原则的基础上,以The Virtue Called Devotion一课的教学设计与教学过程为例,探讨了在多媒体环境下,将交互式教学模式引入预科英语精读课堂教学的可行方法,旨在为学生创造更多使用英语的机会,增强学生的学习兴趣,从而提高课堂教学质量。