Objective: Through showing the full picture of double-arm controlled clinical research and systematic review evidence in the field of orally administrated Chinese herbal medicine(CHM) for treatment of lung cancer, to ...Objective: Through showing the full picture of double-arm controlled clinical research and systematic review evidence in the field of orally administrated Chinese herbal medicine(CHM) for treatment of lung cancer, to provide a reference for future clinical research and to indicate a direction for future systematic reviews. Methods: A comprehensive search of clinical controlled studies was performed regarding orally administered CHM treatment for lung cancer published from January 1970 to September 2020. The language was restricted to Chinese and English. Relevant data were extracted, the quality of systematic reviews was evaluated, and the research evidence was visually displayed. Results: Randomized controlled trials were the most common type of research design. The research sample sizes were typically small. Oral CHM showed certain curative advantages in treating lung cancer. The key stages in oral CHM intervention for lung cancer are chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and late palliative treatment. The advantageous outcomes of oral CHM treatment of lung cancer are the short-term efficacy, quality of life, and adverse reactions. The perioperative stage, overall survival, pharmacoeconomic evaluation, and Chinese medicine decoctions are weak research areas. Conclusions: CHM has staged and therapeutic advantages in treating lung cancer. The overall methodological quality is poor, and the level of evidence requires improvement. It is necessary to carry out large-scale, standardized, and higherquality research in the superior and weak areas of CHM treatment of lung cancer.展开更多
This issue of Science China Physics, Mechanics ＆ Astronomy celebrates the Centenary of Einstein＇s General Theory of Rela- tivity, which changed the way humanity understood the concepts of space, time and matter. Pri...This issue of Science China Physics, Mechanics ＆ Astronomy celebrates the Centenary of Einstein＇s General Theory of Rela- tivity, which changed the way humanity understood the concepts of space, time and matter. Prior to 1915 Einstein had intro- duced his theory of Special Relativity, and Minkowski had introduced the spacetime metric. General Relativity overthrew the Newtonian idea that space, time and matter were independent, replacing it with the idea that space, time and matter are inex- tricably linked. Within a year of the publication of General Relativity came Schwartzchild＇s exact solution of Einstein＇s field equations which describes the spacetime structure of black holes. In 1916 and 1918 Einstein showed that his theory predicted the existence of gravitational waves. Within 7 years, in 1922, Friedmann published a solution for Einstein＇s field equations applied to a homogeneous universe, uncovering the basic physics of Big Bang cosmology.展开更多
基金Supported by the Evidence-Based Medicine Program of Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (No.ZZ13-024-6)Evidence-Based Capacity Building Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine Oncology (No.60101)。
文摘Objective: Through showing the full picture of double-arm controlled clinical research and systematic review evidence in the field of orally administrated Chinese herbal medicine(CHM) for treatment of lung cancer, to provide a reference for future clinical research and to indicate a direction for future systematic reviews. Methods: A comprehensive search of clinical controlled studies was performed regarding orally administered CHM treatment for lung cancer published from January 1970 to September 2020. The language was restricted to Chinese and English. Relevant data were extracted, the quality of systematic reviews was evaluated, and the research evidence was visually displayed. Results: Randomized controlled trials were the most common type of research design. The research sample sizes were typically small. Oral CHM showed certain curative advantages in treating lung cancer. The key stages in oral CHM intervention for lung cancer are chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and late palliative treatment. The advantageous outcomes of oral CHM treatment of lung cancer are the short-term efficacy, quality of life, and adverse reactions. The perioperative stage, overall survival, pharmacoeconomic evaluation, and Chinese medicine decoctions are weak research areas. Conclusions: CHM has staged and therapeutic advantages in treating lung cancer. The overall methodological quality is poor, and the level of evidence requires improvement. It is necessary to carry out large-scale, standardized, and higherquality research in the superior and weak areas of CHM treatment of lung cancer.
文摘This issue of Science China Physics, Mechanics ＆ Astronomy celebrates the Centenary of Einstein＇s General Theory of Rela- tivity, which changed the way humanity understood the concepts of space, time and matter. Prior to 1915 Einstein had intro- duced his theory of Special Relativity, and Minkowski had introduced the spacetime metric. General Relativity overthrew the Newtonian idea that space, time and matter were independent, replacing it with the idea that space, time and matter are inex- tricably linked. Within a year of the publication of General Relativity came Schwartzchild＇s exact solution of Einstein＇s field equations which describes the spacetime structure of black holes. In 1916 and 1918 Einstein showed that his theory predicted the existence of gravitational waves. Within 7 years, in 1922, Friedmann published a solution for Einstein＇s field equations applied to a homogeneous universe, uncovering the basic physics of Big Bang cosmology.
