Objective:This integrative review aimed to examine and understand nurses’experiences of voluntary error reporting(VER)and elucidate factors underlying their decision to engage in VER.Method:This is an integrative rev...Objective:This integrative review aimed to examine and understand nurses’experiences of voluntary error reporting(VER)and elucidate factors underlying their decision to engage in VER.Method:This is an integrative review based on Whittemore&Knafl five-stage framework.A systematic search guided by the PRISMA 2020 approach was performed on four electronic databases:CINAHL,Medline(PubMed),Scopus,and Embase.Peer-reviewed articles published in the English language from January 2010 to December 2020 were retrieved and screened for relevancy.Results:Totally 31 papers were included in this review following the quality appraisal.A constant comparative approach was used to synthesize findings of eligible studies to report nurses'experiences of VER represented by three major themes:nurses'beliefs,behavior,and sentiments towards VER;nurses'perceived enabling factors of VER and nurses'perceived inhibiting factors of VER.Findings of this review revealed that nurses’experiences of VER were less than ideal.Firstly,these negative experiences were accounted for by the interplays of factors that influenced their attitudes,perceptions,emotions,and practices.Additionally,their negative experiences were underpinned by a spectrum of system,administrative and organizational factors that focuses on attributing the error to human failure characterized by an unsupportive,blaming,and punitive approach to error management.Conclusion:Findings of this review add to the body of knowledge to inform on the areas of focus to guide nursing management perspectives to strengthen institutional efforts to improve nurses'recognition,reception,and contribution towards VER.It is recommended that nursing leaders prioritize and invest in strategies to enhance existing institutional error management approaches to establish a just and open patient safety culture that would promote positivity in nurses’overall experiences towards VER.展开更多
Voluntary disclosure is one of the major sign of the mature security market. Chinese securities market is in her young age. The quality and way of information disclosure in listed companies is one of major concern for...Voluntary disclosure is one of the major sign of the mature security market. Chinese securities market is in her young age. The quality and way of information disclosure in listed companies is one of major concern for the market. With the development and expansion of the market, the voluntary disclosure has been drawn a great attention by investors. However, in China, the information disclosure is mainly mandatory and only very a few companies are willing to disclose voluntarily. In general, the information voluntary disclosure in China is lacking. This paper discusses the current status, possibility, and problems for the voluntary disclosure based on data from the annual reports prepared by listed companies. Recommendation for the future improvement and fulfillment of the voluntary disclosure are out forward accordingly.展开更多
The outbreak of SARS in 2003 opened the way of public health emergency management in China.COVID-19 which suddenly outbroke in 2019 is still raging all over the world,and emergency management mechanism of China is bei...The outbreak of SARS in 2003 opened the way of public health emergency management in China.COVID-19 which suddenly outbroke in 2019 is still raging all over the world,and emergency management mechanism of China is being tested.Efforts to improve the emergency management mechanism can provide effective institutional guarantee for the overall victory of anti epidemic and the prevention and control of public health emergencies.展开更多
文摘Objective:This integrative review aimed to examine and understand nurses’experiences of voluntary error reporting(VER)and elucidate factors underlying their decision to engage in VER.Method:This is an integrative review based on Whittemore&Knafl five-stage framework.A systematic search guided by the PRISMA 2020 approach was performed on four electronic databases:CINAHL,Medline(PubMed),Scopus,and Embase.Peer-reviewed articles published in the English language from January 2010 to December 2020 were retrieved and screened for relevancy.Results:Totally 31 papers were included in this review following the quality appraisal.A constant comparative approach was used to synthesize findings of eligible studies to report nurses'experiences of VER represented by three major themes:nurses'beliefs,behavior,and sentiments towards VER;nurses'perceived enabling factors of VER and nurses'perceived inhibiting factors of VER.Findings of this review revealed that nurses’experiences of VER were less than ideal.Firstly,these negative experiences were accounted for by the interplays of factors that influenced their attitudes,perceptions,emotions,and practices.Additionally,their negative experiences were underpinned by a spectrum of system,administrative and organizational factors that focuses on attributing the error to human failure characterized by an unsupportive,blaming,and punitive approach to error management.Conclusion:Findings of this review add to the body of knowledge to inform on the areas of focus to guide nursing management perspectives to strengthen institutional efforts to improve nurses'recognition,reception,and contribution towards VER.It is recommended that nursing leaders prioritize and invest in strategies to enhance existing institutional error management approaches to establish a just and open patient safety culture that would promote positivity in nurses’overall experiences towards VER.
文摘Voluntary disclosure is one of the major sign of the mature security market. Chinese securities market is in her young age. The quality and way of information disclosure in listed companies is one of major concern for the market. With the development and expansion of the market, the voluntary disclosure has been drawn a great attention by investors. However, in China, the information disclosure is mainly mandatory and only very a few companies are willing to disclose voluntarily. In general, the information voluntary disclosure in China is lacking. This paper discusses the current status, possibility, and problems for the voluntary disclosure based on data from the annual reports prepared by listed companies. Recommendation for the future improvement and fulfillment of the voluntary disclosure are out forward accordingly.
文摘The outbreak of SARS in 2003 opened the way of public health emergency management in China.COVID-19 which suddenly outbroke in 2019 is still raging all over the world,and emergency management mechanism of China is being tested.Efforts to improve the emergency management mechanism can provide effective institutional guarantee for the overall victory of anti epidemic and the prevention and control of public health emergencies.
