Modeling and Simulation of Heat Transfer Phenomenon from Infant Radiant Warmer for a Newborn Baby

Nowadays death of a newborn baby due to hypothermia is one of the vital factors. To overcome the problem infant radiant warmer has been used in hospitals which helps to prevent excessive heat loss of the baby by maintaining a proper temperature. However, in practice, it is critical to regulating proper thermal stability that is exactly required for a premature baby to conquer the heat loss problem. In this study, we have established a computational model for heat transfer analysis using the Finite Element Method. The heat transfer to the surrounding area skin of newborn with the help of Infant Radiant Warmer (IRW) is simulated to study the best range of light source to overcome the hypothermia. We simulate the efficiency and effect of the infant radiant of the thermal radiation using COMSOL Multiphysics program. For this simulation, we considered the distance between the infant’s mattress and the bottom surface of the heater unit as 70 cm and the heater power 500 watts, and 600 watts. We have investigated mattress temperature, baby temperature and surface radiosity which are important to understand to increase newborn baby body temperature. It is found that the temperature of mattress raises up to 36 - 36.5 degrees Celsius and skin temperature raises up to 37 - 37.5 degrees Celsius.

A Warmer or a Colder Earth?

For the last fifty years,the globe has been warming up.Itis true that the average temperature rise is only about two de-grees,but that has been enough to start the glaciers recedingin many parts of the world.

Simulation of Desert-Scrub Growth: A Forcing to Warmer and More Pluvial Climate

Desert-fringe vegetation growing over bright, sandy soils reduces the surface albedo from above 0.4 to well below 0.3. Called desert-scrub, these shrubs form a predominantly vertical clumps protruding from the soil-level, thereby significantly increasing the coefficient of turbulent heat transfer from the surface. The impact on global and desert-belt climate of changes in these two surface characteristics was simulated by a multi-layer energy balance tnodel. Evaluated only as a forcing to a further climatic change (that is, without accounting for any possible feedbacks) the results are: if vegetation (such as apparently existed under the warmer climate of 6,000 BP ) grows over large areas in the arid, currently bare-soil regions, the annual Northern Hemisphere surface temperature increases by 0.7t (by 0.6'C in July ), the surface temperature over land in the 20-30°N zone increases by 0.9℃ in both the annual and the July means, and the land-ocean annual temperature contrast in this zone increases by 0.25℃(0.2° in July). These results represent the combined influence of the reduction in the surface albedo and of the increase in the coefficient of turbulent heat transfer. In the desert-belt zones, the increase in the transfer coefficient sharply reduces the land temperature and the land-ocean temperature contrast from the values produced by the albedo change alone. This reduction must be attributed to the increased land-to-ocean circulation (which our model does not evaluate explicitly). Considering that a stronger circulation (resulting from land-ocean temperature contrast) generally forces a higher rainfall, the vegetation which emerged in the arid regions during the post-glacial optimum should be considered a significant positive feedback towards a still warmer, and also a more pluvial, climate. Our study may have implications for the 21st century, if the global warming expected from the enhanced greenhouse effects is accompanied by increased precipitation over the continents.

Climate change:Australia fires will be ’normal’ in warmer world

UK scientists say the recent fires in Australia are a taste of what the world will experience as temperatures rise.Prof Richard Betts from the Met Office Hadley Centre said we are"seeing a sign of what would be normal conditions under a future warming world of 3C".

Colder or Warmer?

After the record heat wave this summer,some forecasters said this winter could be the coldest one in the last 1,000 years,which also would influence China and some other countries. Extremely cold weather in winter,of course,the most convenient and easy method to keep warm is to wear thick

NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE EFFECTS OF PERSISTENT WARMER SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE IN TROPICAL INDIAN OCEAN ON ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION IN THE EARLY SUMMER IN EAST ASIA IN 1991

By employing the CCM1(R15L12)long-range spectral model, study is undertaken of the effects of sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA) for tropical Indian ocean on circulation transformation in the early summer in East Asia in 1991. The results indicate that warmer SSTA contributes to the increasing of the temperature over the Plateau in early summer, resulting in the intensification of tropical easterly jet on 100 hPa and northward shift of Northern Hemisphere subtropical westerly jet in May. It is obviously favorable for the subtropical high enhancement over western Pacific Ocean in May and subtropical westerly jet maintaining at 35～40 °N in June, making the Mei-Yu come earlier and stay over the Changjiang basin in 1991. Furthermore, warmer SSTA is also advantageous to averaged temperature rise in East Asia land region and Nanhai monsoon development. These roles are helpful in accelerating the seasonal transition for East Asia in early summer.

WARMER WINTER IN EASTERN CHINA AND EL NIO

I. INTRODUCTION There have been many studies with relation to the influences of El Nino event on the climate anomalies in China. But most of them are some analyses in relation to the

附子理中丸联合西医治疗远端胃切除术后反流性胃炎疗效观察

目的 观察附子理中丸联合西医治疗远端胃切除术后反流性胃炎的临床疗效。方法 选择2020年5月—2021年12月上海中医药大学附属曙光医院诊治的远端胃切除术后脾肾两虚型反流性胃炎患者45例,随机分为治疗组23例和对照组22例。治疗组采用附子理中丸联合西医治疗,对照组采用附子理中丸对照剂联合西医治疗,2组均连续治疗3个月。比较2组患者治疗前后胃镜表现、组织学和尼平消化不良指数评分。结果 2组患者治疗后胃炎严重程度、胃炎范围、反流程度、食物潴留情况均较治疗前明显改善(P均<0.05),治疗组患者胃镜改善情况明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。2组治疗后慢性炎症、活动性炎症均较治疗前明显改善(P均<0.05),治疗组改善情况明显优于对照组(P均<0.05),2组治疗前后萎缩、肠化生情况比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。2组治疗后消化不良症状评分较治疗前明显下降(P均<0.05),生活质量评分较治疗前明显升高(P均<0.05),且治疗组消化不良症状评分及生活质量评分改善情况均明显优于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论 附子理中丸联合西医治疗可改善远端胃切除术后脾肾两虚型反流性胃炎的程度、范围及消化不良症状,减轻胆汁反流和食物潴留,提高生活质量。

辐射保暖台的温度检测和不确定度分析

在缺乏辐射保暖台质控检测规范的背景下,结合医用电气设备电气安全要求规范与辐射保暖台安全专用要求规范,制订了辐射保暖台温度质控标准。将设计的模拟皮肤检测装置作为质控设备对辐射保暖台的温度进行质控检测,并对质控检测结果进行不确定度评定和分析。

输血输液加温仪在冬季单采血小板中的应用及护理研究

目的考察输血输液加温仪应用于单采血小板血液回输过程中的安全性、有效性并评估相关护理操作。方法统计冬季单采血小板时的血液回输速度,统计血液在回血管路中经过的时间,用输血输液加温仪在不同温度设置下对离体血液加温,记录血液温度的上升速度,于0、15、30 min对血液标本进行血常规、游离血红蛋白以及红细胞形态学检验;冬季单采血小板过程中,对观察组与对照组献血者测量耳内与回血针头附近皮肤温度,观察献血者有无寒颤以及手臂发凉、疼痛或其他不适,献血结束后进行热舒适度评定。结果将输血输液加温仪分别设置为41、42、43℃,加温0、15、30 min后离体血液的血常规和血浆游离血红蛋白检测结果对比无差异(P>0.05),未发现红细胞形态学改变;在冬季不使用输血输液加温仪的情况下,采血开始后回血针头附近皮肤温度与采血开始之前有差异(P<0.05),观察组的所有部位采血开始之后的温度与采血开始之前对比均无差异(P>0.05);离体血液加温实验显示,当室温22~24℃,血液回输速度为(100~120)mL/min,应用血液加温仪可以使27℃左右的回输血液升温到33~37℃;应用加温仪的献血者感觉舒适和非常舒适的比例以及热舒适度的评分均高于对照组(P<0.05);加温仪的温度设置在38℃以上时,献血者热舒适度评分的平均值均在8以上。结论把输血输液加温仪应用到冬季单采血小板中是安全的,可以明显提高献血者的舒适度,体现血站的人性化服务,值得推广。

野外严寒环境下加温加压输血装置的性能与适用性评价

目的:评价自主研制的加温加压输血装置在野外严寒环境下的性能和适用性。方法:在野外严寒条件下,将模拟失血性休克伤员置于担架中转运至2 km外的转运车上,转运途中采用加温加压装置进行液体复苏、加温加压血液回输等紧急救治,分析该装置在转运途中的加温加压效果;选取2只健康成年雄性猪构建战伤失血性休克动物模型,将其中的一只猪作为实验动物,采用加温加压装置进行输血输液抢救,另一只猪作为对照动物,采用市售充气加压袋和加温器进行输血输液抢救,比较2种加温、加压方式救治前后动物生命体征的变化和加温加压输注效果。结果:加温加压输血装置使用方便、加温加压效果好,在伤员转运途中适用性良好;与对照动物相比,实验动物的血容量、血压、呼吸等生命体征恢复得更快,输血输液速度及液体复温的效果也更优。结论:加温加压输血装置性能良好,适合在野外严寒环境下使用。

肤温探头温度现场校准方法的研究

肤温探头作为连接婴儿培养箱、婴儿辐射保暖台与婴儿的纽带,能实时监控婴儿皮肤温度,发现异常时可迅速判定,并提醒医务人员对婴儿进行进一步检查。虽然其结构简单,但对于温度的控制至关重要,能使婴儿培养箱、婴儿辐射保暖台保持良好的工作状态,降低使用风险。

输血加温装置现状及发展建议

介绍了国内外非便携式和便携式输血加温装置的主要产品及其性能特点,分析了国内输血加温装置存在的问题并提出了相关建议,指出了同时具备加温、加压、控速功能的智能化、可便携的输血加温装置是未来产品发展的主要方向。

输液输血加温设备质量关注要点分析与评价

介绍了输液输血加温设备的主要构成和工作原理,基于国家医疗器械不良事件监测信息系统和国内外相关文献梳理了输液输血加温设备不良事件发生的原因,分析了输液输血加温设备在使用过程中存在的潜在风险点,从设备标记和文件、结构、温度3个方面阐述了输液输血加温设备的质量关注要点并给出了相应的评价方法,为输液输血加温设备的标准制定、上市前技术审评、体系核查等提供了参考。

大别山西侧极端降水中尺度对流系统结构与传播特征

2012年7月12—13日中国鄂东北连续2 d出现特大暴雨,过程最大总雨量达600 mm。重点利用卫星、雷达和地面自动气象站观测资料等,分析了7月12日大别山西南侧极端强降水型中尺度对流系统的发生发展过程、结构和传播特征等。研究表明:(1)鄂东北特大暴雨是由一个向后传播-准静态α中尺度强对流系统(后向建立中尺度对流系统)产生的。(2)该类型中尺度对流系统频发于鄂东北地区,与鄂东北东侧大别山脉对雷暴冷池的阻挡有密切关系。主要表现在,大别山山脉对雷暴冷池的阻挡导致冷空气在山前堆积并形成回流,回流使中尺度对流系统传播由向下风方转为向上风方。(3)向后传播方式演变的中尺度对流系统因少动或因列车效应明显,常在山前一定距离内产生极端强降水。(4)雷暴冷池向上风方运动导致对流单体向后向传播,是指状对流云团形成的重要机制之一。

冬小麦北移种植的研究进展

就“冬麦北移”问题的提出和研究进展 ,以及“冬麦北移”中应注意的问题进行综述 ,旨为“冬麦北移”

1956-2005年中国暖冬和冬季温度变化

利用全国565个台站1956-2005年冬季平均温度资料,将多年温度变化划分为偏暖、偏冷和正常三类等概率气候事件,由此给出了一个新的暖冬指数和暖冬的定义。结果表明:暖冬指数与中国冬季温度的变暖趋势相一致,并表现出显著的年代际变化特征,其变率分别为10%/10a和0.4℃/10a。近50a暖冬事件共计发生13次,其中近85%的暖冬发生在1986年以后。受年际尺度变化的影响,2004/2005年和2005/2006年暖冬主要发生在青藏高原和华南南部,而东北、内蒙古及中部大部分地区为冷冬或正常。

18世纪南京、苏州和杭州年、季降水量序列的复原研究

利用清代宫廷档案“晴雨录”南京、苏州和杭州的逐日天气记录,复原了 18世纪三地的年、季和月降水量序列;论述了将“晴雨录”的逐日降水时数和降水类型的记载转换成 7级降水日数和逐步回归推算月降水量的方法及其科学依据;给出长江下游地区 18世纪典型多雨、少雨年份的降水量值。18世纪南京等三地的年、季、月降水量序列的复原,对了解在寒冷小冰期中相对温暖时段我国主要农业区长江三角洲地区的降水特征有重要意义。

以三焦气化理论指导脂代谢紊乱等代谢性疾病的治疗

提出脂代谢紊乱在中医当属于三焦病范畴;三焦气化失司是脂代谢紊乱等三焦病的主要病机;通利三焦法是脂代谢紊乱等三焦病的主要治法等观点。在拓展高脂血症传统中医病机的同时,为中医药治疗脂代谢紊乱等三焦病提供了理论依据。

青海省气候异常偏暖的成因分析

在全球气候变化的背景下，１９９８年青海省创下了有气象记录以来最暖的一年。从资料分析得知：全球气候变暖及１９９８年全球范围内部分地区环流异常，以及近几年来省内干旱、水土流失。