The avalanche warning service was established within the operational European territorial cooperation program Slovenia-Austria （SI-AT） 2007-2013 project ＂Natural Hazards without Frontiers＂. Four institutes, two fr...The avalanche warning service was established within the operational European territorial cooperation program Slovenia-Austria （SI-AT） 2007-2013 project ＂Natural Hazards without Frontiers＂. Four institutes, two from Austria and two from Slovenia, work together to publish an avalanche report during the winter season. The first regular season was the winter 2012/2013. The avalanche and the slab avalanche situation in the transnational area along the 160 km border between the south of Austria and north of Slovenia show major differences of avalanche building weather situations. Because of the nearby sea in the southwest of Slovenia, the prevailing weather situations for high precipitation are coming from southwest or southeast. Nevertheless sometimes a lot of fresh snow occurs at northerly weather situations, which is unusual for Slovenian Alps and is therefore poorly forecasted for this region. Austrian avalanche experts are facing the same problems at southerly weather situations. Hence, an exchange of experience, weather data as well as model information improves the avalanche warning on both sides of the Austrian-Slovenian border.展开更多
This paper illustrates the studies and developments of China’s rainstorm warning service system, including its design and construction, information collecting, product distributing and government special service line...This paper illustrates the studies and developments of China’s rainstorm warning service system, including its design and construction, information collecting, product distributing and government special service line, etc. Results obtained by the Hubei, Sichuan, Henan and Jiangsu Provinces, etc are introduced. Another main focus of the paper is on the research and construction of the national typhoon and rainstorm disaster reduction information system. In addition, a series of research results serving the various systems is also discussed and a preliminary analysis is made at the end on the effect of the system which goes into operation in the course of construction, thus revealing that the system has brought notable social and economic benefit.展开更多
An outbreak of powerful tornadoes tore through multiple states in the central and southern United States from 10 to 11 December 2021.It is claimed the deadliest tornado outbreak that has taken place on December days.T...An outbreak of powerful tornadoes tore through multiple states in the central and southern United States from 10 to 11 December 2021.It is claimed the deadliest tornado outbreak that has taken place on December days.The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration had confirmed 66 tornadoes as of 21 December,producing at least 90 fatalities.Most tornadoes occurred at night and thus they were difficult to be visually located,which directly increases the risk for local residents.Two violent nighttime tornadoes were rated category 4 on the enhanced Fujita scale(EF4).Although a high death toll was caused during this event,the operational service actually presented an excellent performance.This tornado outbreak has aroused extensive discussion from both the public and the research community in China.This paper presents a brief discussion on the formation environment and warning services of the tornado outbreak.Recall the deadliest violent tornado in the past 45 years in China,the radar-based tornadic vortex signatures at the locations with EF4 damages show a comparable strength with those in the current cases.Some views on the tornado warning issuance and receiving and damage surveys in China are also presented.展开更多
文摘The avalanche warning service was established within the operational European territorial cooperation program Slovenia-Austria （SI-AT） 2007-2013 project ＂Natural Hazards without Frontiers＂. Four institutes, two from Austria and two from Slovenia, work together to publish an avalanche report during the winter season. The first regular season was the winter 2012/2013. The avalanche and the slab avalanche situation in the transnational area along the 160 km border between the south of Austria and north of Slovenia show major differences of avalanche building weather situations. Because of the nearby sea in the southwest of Slovenia, the prevailing weather situations for high precipitation are coming from southwest or southeast. Nevertheless sometimes a lot of fresh snow occurs at northerly weather situations, which is unusual for Slovenian Alps and is therefore poorly forecasted for this region. Austrian avalanche experts are facing the same problems at southerly weather situations. Hence, an exchange of experience, weather data as well as model information improves the avalanche warning on both sides of the Austrian-Slovenian border.
文摘This paper illustrates the studies and developments of China’s rainstorm warning service system, including its design and construction, information collecting, product distributing and government special service line, etc. Results obtained by the Hubei, Sichuan, Henan and Jiangsu Provinces, etc are introduced. Another main focus of the paper is on the research and construction of the national typhoon and rainstorm disaster reduction information system. In addition, a series of research results serving the various systems is also discussed and a preliminary analysis is made at the end on the effect of the system which goes into operation in the course of construction, thus revealing that the system has brought notable social and economic benefit.
基金Radar Application and Short-term Severe-weather Predictions and Warnings Technology Program(GRMCTD202002)Foshan Innovation Driving and Assistance Project(2021002)+1 种基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2019B020208015)Foshan Science and Technology Project in Social Field(2120001008761)。
文摘An outbreak of powerful tornadoes tore through multiple states in the central and southern United States from 10 to 11 December 2021.It is claimed the deadliest tornado outbreak that has taken place on December days.The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration had confirmed 66 tornadoes as of 21 December,producing at least 90 fatalities.Most tornadoes occurred at night and thus they were difficult to be visually located,which directly increases the risk for local residents.Two violent nighttime tornadoes were rated category 4 on the enhanced Fujita scale(EF4).Although a high death toll was caused during this event,the operational service actually presented an excellent performance.This tornado outbreak has aroused extensive discussion from both the public and the research community in China.This paper presents a brief discussion on the formation environment and warning services of the tornado outbreak.Recall the deadliest violent tornado in the past 45 years in China,the radar-based tornadic vortex signatures at the locations with EF4 damages show a comparable strength with those in the current cases.Some views on the tornado warning issuance and receiving and damage surveys in China are also presented.
