In December,2011,the world’s second most deadly disaster of the year,Tropical Storm Washi(known as Sendong in the Philippines)landed along the east coast of Mindanao,Philippines,causing 1,292 deaths,1,049 missing,2,0...In December,2011,the world’s second most deadly disaster of the year,Tropical Storm Washi(known as Sendong in the Philippines)landed along the east coast of Mindanao,Philippines,causing 1,292 deaths,1,049 missing,2,002 injured,and total 695,195 people(110,806 families)affected.This paper introduced briefly the hydro-meteorological characteristics of Washi,and assessed its devastating impacts on society and economy,and the response and recovery taken by the Philippines government during the whole period of Washi.Based on the assessment of impact of disaster,the paper indicated the gaps and needs on aspects of DRR actions and identified the future challenges on typhoon related disaster preparedness and reduction in the Philippines.Finally,the report provided the recommendations within the framework of the activities of Typhoon Committee to improve and enhance the capacity building on typhoon related disaster reduction in the Philippines.展开更多
Near-inertial motion is an important dynamic process in the upper ocean and plays a significant role in mass, heat, and energy transport across the thermocline. In this study, the dissipation of wind-induced near-iner...Near-inertial motion is an important dynamic process in the upper ocean and plays a significant role in mass, heat, and energy transport across the thermocline. In this study, the dissipation of wind-induced near-inertial energy in the thermocline is investigated by using observation data collected in July and August 2005 during the tropical storm Washi by a moored system at(19°35′N, 112°E) in the continental shelf region off Hainan Island. In the observation period, the near-inertial part dominated the observed ocean kinetic energy and about 80% of the near-inertial energy dissipated in the upper layer. Extremely strong turbulent mixing induced by near-inertial wave was observed in the thermocline, where the turbulent energy dissipation rate increased by two orders of magnitude above the background level. It is found that the energy loss of near-inertial waves in the thermocline is mainly in the large-scales. This is different from the previous hypothesis based on "Kolmogorov cascade" turbulence theory that the kinetic energy is dissipated mainly by small-scale motions.展开更多
文摘In December,2011,the world’s second most deadly disaster of the year,Tropical Storm Washi(known as Sendong in the Philippines)landed along the east coast of Mindanao,Philippines,causing 1,292 deaths,1,049 missing,2,002 injured,and total 695,195 people(110,806 families)affected.This paper introduced briefly the hydro-meteorological characteristics of Washi,and assessed its devastating impacts on society and economy,and the response and recovery taken by the Philippines government during the whole period of Washi.Based on the assessment of impact of disaster,the paper indicated the gaps and needs on aspects of DRR actions and identified the future challenges on typhoon related disaster preparedness and reduction in the Philippines.Finally,the report provided the recommendations within the framework of the activities of Typhoon Committee to improve and enhance the capacity building on typhoon related disaster reduction in the Philippines.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 41176011, U1133001, U0933001)Guangdong University Pearl River Scholar Bonus Schemes (Grant No. GDUPS-2010)
文摘Near-inertial motion is an important dynamic process in the upper ocean and plays a significant role in mass, heat, and energy transport across the thermocline. In this study, the dissipation of wind-induced near-inertial energy in the thermocline is investigated by using observation data collected in July and August 2005 during the tropical storm Washi by a moored system at(19°35′N, 112°E) in the continental shelf region off Hainan Island. In the observation period, the near-inertial part dominated the observed ocean kinetic energy and about 80% of the near-inertial energy dissipated in the upper layer. Extremely strong turbulent mixing induced by near-inertial wave was observed in the thermocline, where the turbulent energy dissipation rate increased by two orders of magnitude above the background level. It is found that the energy loss of near-inertial waves in the thermocline is mainly in the large-scales. This is different from the previous hypothesis based on "Kolmogorov cascade" turbulence theory that the kinetic energy is dissipated mainly by small-scale motions.
