Super absorbent resin(SAR)is prepared by aqueous high temperature polymerization using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC)as monomer backbone material,acrylic acid(AA)and acrylamide(AM)as the graft copolymer monomer,p...Super absorbent resin(SAR)is prepared by aqueous high temperature polymerization using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC)as monomer backbone material,acrylic acid(AA)and acrylamide(AM)as the graft copolymer monomer,potassium persulfate(KPS)as the initiator to generate free radicals,and N,N`-methylenebisacrylamide(MBA)as cross-linking agent for cross-linking reaction.Simutaneously,the influence of individual factors on the water absorption is investigated,and these factors are mainly AA,AM,KPS,MBA,HPMC,and reaction temperature.The optimized conditions are obtained by the experiment repeating for several times.The water absorption multiplicity and salt absorption multiplicity under the conditions are 782.4 and 132.5 g/g,respectivity.Furthermore,the effects of different temperatures and salt concentrations on its water absorption,as well as the swelling kinetics of SAR are studied.It is indicated the water-absorbing swelling process is mainly caused by the difference in water osmotic pressure and Na+concentration inside and outside the cross-linked molecular structure of the resin,which is not only consistent with the quasi-secondary kinetic model,but also with the Fick diffusion model.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to extract the scarce natural liquor flavorings desired by many liquor factories from yellow water. [Method] Strong water absorbent resin was used to absorb moisture from the yello...[Objective] This study was conducted to extract the scarce natural liquor flavorings desired by many liquor factories from yellow water. [Method] Strong water absorbent resin was used to absorb moisture from the yellow water in order to concentrate it into dense yellow water at first, followed by azcotropic dis- tillation of the previously concentrated yellow water, and then, catalytic esterification was performed to the remaining liquid after the distillation. [ Results] The 7. 066 7 fractions of concentrated yellow water with 56.7% ethanol could be obtained after the treatment of 100 fractions of yellow water with strong water absorbent resin. Azeotrope of 0.432 8 fraction of natural acetaldehyde, 0. 269 4 fraction of ethyl formate and methyl alcohol, 0. 975 0 fraction of ethyl acetate and methyl alco- hol could be obtained after the azeotropic distillation per 100 fractions of concentrated yellow water. After the addition of CaC12, O. 220 7 fraction of ethyl formate and 0. 514 2 fraction of ethyl acetate could be obtained after distillation of the azeotrope. Finally, 92. 094 8 fractions of esterification liquid with 38 kinds of flavor- ing compound could be obtained after catalytic esterification of 100 fractions of concentrated yellow water, and the content of ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, ethyl- butyrate, ethyl valerate, ethyl lactate and ethyl bexanoate were as much as 142.9, 22.2, 54.2, 3.3,75.4 and 158.9 g/L, respectively. [ Conclusion] Top-grade Luzhou-flavor liquor could be made by mixing 6.5 fractions of common liquor with acetaldehyde, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate and esterification liquid which were ob- tained from 1 fraction of yellow water. Therefore, the yellow water has a great recycling value, and it tells us that the technique of extracting liquor flavorings from yellow water has tremendous market value.展开更多
SCN^- from desulphurization waste solution of cocking plant was separated by D241 anion exchange resin. When SCN＂ concentration of the waste liquid is O.116mg/ml, its dynamic exchange capability is 93.61mg/g resin. T...SCN^- from desulphurization waste solution of cocking plant was separated by D241 anion exchange resin. When SCN＂ concentration of the waste liquid is O.116mg/ml, its dynamic exchange capability is 93.61mg/g resin. The condition of use KOH as eluted solution to elute SCN^- is KOH concentration 0.5mol/L, flow velocity 60mi/h, with 60ml eluted solution can completely elute SCN＂ which exchanged from waste solution. Vaporized the eluted solution, obtain the KSCN crystal in which the concentration of SCN^- is 53.34%, converts to KSCN is 89.2%. SCN^- crystal was separate out from Na2SO3/KOH mixed solution. The relationship between the proportion of Na2S2O3/KOH, free liquids in crystal and the saturation solution volume when crystal appear, the content of KSCN in crystal： the ratio of K2S2O3/KSCN show direct ratio with the saturation solution volume when the crystal birth, r^2=0.9964; when the ratio of K2S2O3/KSCN is between 0.15 and 0.25, the content of SCN^- in the crystals grow with K2S2O3 content increases, the content of free liquids in crystal also along with it increase; When the ratio of Na2S2O3/KOH is 0.15, the content of SCN^- is 54.56%; convert to KSCN is 76.2%. When the ratio of K2S2O3/ESCN is 0.25, the content of SCN^- is 65.28%; convert to KSCN is 91.2%. When the ratio of K2S2O3/KSCN exceeds 0.25, the content of SCN^- in the crystals and the content of free liquids in crystal reduce when the ratio of K2S2O3/KSCN increase.展开更多
通过扫描电子显微镜观察了天然橡胶和高吸水树脂共混体系的微观相态结构 ,研究了两亲性嵌段共聚物PEO b PBA结构本身的吸水能力对天然橡胶和高吸水性树脂共混体系吸水性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明 ,PEO b PBA结构本身的吸水强弱对共...通过扫描电子显微镜观察了天然橡胶和高吸水树脂共混体系的微观相态结构 ,研究了两亲性嵌段共聚物PEO b PBA结构本身的吸水能力对天然橡胶和高吸水性树脂共混体系吸水性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明 ,PEO b PBA结构本身的吸水强弱对共混体系的吸水能力贡献很小 ,但却可以显著提高共混体系的吸水膨胀能力和力学性能 。展开更多
基金Funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52174206)Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Youth Innovation Team Construction Scientific Research Plan Project(No.21JP074)Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Youth Innovation Team Scientific Research Plan Project(No.22JP047)。
文摘Super absorbent resin(SAR)is prepared by aqueous high temperature polymerization using hydroxypropyl methylcellulose(HPMC)as monomer backbone material,acrylic acid(AA)and acrylamide(AM)as the graft copolymer monomer,potassium persulfate(KPS)as the initiator to generate free radicals,and N,N`-methylenebisacrylamide(MBA)as cross-linking agent for cross-linking reaction.Simutaneously,the influence of individual factors on the water absorption is investigated,and these factors are mainly AA,AM,KPS,MBA,HPMC,and reaction temperature.The optimized conditions are obtained by the experiment repeating for several times.The water absorption multiplicity and salt absorption multiplicity under the conditions are 782.4 and 132.5 g/g,respectivity.Furthermore,the effects of different temperatures and salt concentrations on its water absorption,as well as the swelling kinetics of SAR are studied.It is indicated the water-absorbing swelling process is mainly caused by the difference in water osmotic pressure and Na+concentration inside and outside the cross-linked molecular structure of the resin,which is not only consistent with the quasi-secondary kinetic model,but also with the Fick diffusion model.
基金Supported by Shandong Provincial Major Research and Development Program(2017GSF216009)
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to extract the scarce natural liquor flavorings desired by many liquor factories from yellow water. [Method] Strong water absorbent resin was used to absorb moisture from the yellow water in order to concentrate it into dense yellow water at first, followed by azcotropic dis- tillation of the previously concentrated yellow water, and then, catalytic esterification was performed to the remaining liquid after the distillation. [ Results] The 7. 066 7 fractions of concentrated yellow water with 56.7% ethanol could be obtained after the treatment of 100 fractions of yellow water with strong water absorbent resin. Azeotrope of 0.432 8 fraction of natural acetaldehyde, 0. 269 4 fraction of ethyl formate and methyl alcohol, 0. 975 0 fraction of ethyl acetate and methyl alco- hol could be obtained after the azeotropic distillation per 100 fractions of concentrated yellow water. After the addition of CaC12, O. 220 7 fraction of ethyl formate and 0. 514 2 fraction of ethyl acetate could be obtained after distillation of the azeotrope. Finally, 92. 094 8 fractions of esterification liquid with 38 kinds of flavor- ing compound could be obtained after catalytic esterification of 100 fractions of concentrated yellow water, and the content of ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, ethyl- butyrate, ethyl valerate, ethyl lactate and ethyl bexanoate were as much as 142.9, 22.2, 54.2, 3.3,75.4 and 158.9 g/L, respectively. [ Conclusion] Top-grade Luzhou-flavor liquor could be made by mixing 6.5 fractions of common liquor with acetaldehyde, ethyl formate, ethyl acetate and esterification liquid which were ob- tained from 1 fraction of yellow water. Therefore, the yellow water has a great recycling value, and it tells us that the technique of extracting liquor flavorings from yellow water has tremendous market value.
文摘SCN^- from desulphurization waste solution of cocking plant was separated by D241 anion exchange resin. When SCN＂ concentration of the waste liquid is O.116mg/ml, its dynamic exchange capability is 93.61mg/g resin. The condition of use KOH as eluted solution to elute SCN^- is KOH concentration 0.5mol/L, flow velocity 60mi/h, with 60ml eluted solution can completely elute SCN＂ which exchanged from waste solution. Vaporized the eluted solution, obtain the KSCN crystal in which the concentration of SCN^- is 53.34%, converts to KSCN is 89.2%. SCN^- crystal was separate out from Na2SO3/KOH mixed solution. The relationship between the proportion of Na2S2O3/KOH, free liquids in crystal and the saturation solution volume when crystal appear, the content of KSCN in crystal： the ratio of K2S2O3/KSCN show direct ratio with the saturation solution volume when the crystal birth, r^2=0.9964; when the ratio of K2S2O3/KSCN is between 0.15 and 0.25, the content of SCN^- in the crystals grow with K2S2O3 content increases, the content of free liquids in crystal also along with it increase; When the ratio of Na2S2O3/KOH is 0.15, the content of SCN^- is 54.56%; convert to KSCN is 76.2%. When the ratio of K2S2O3/ESCN is 0.25, the content of SCN^- is 65.28%; convert to KSCN is 91.2%. When the ratio of K2S2O3/KSCN exceeds 0.25, the content of SCN^- in the crystals and the content of free liquids in crystal reduce when the ratio of K2S2O3/KSCN increase.
文摘通过扫描电子显微镜观察了天然橡胶和高吸水树脂共混体系的微观相态结构 ,研究了两亲性嵌段共聚物PEO b PBA结构本身的吸水能力对天然橡胶和高吸水性树脂共混体系吸水性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明 ,PEO b PBA结构本身的吸水强弱对共混体系的吸水能力贡献很小 ,但却可以显著提高共混体系的吸水膨胀能力和力学性能 。
