Water Supply and Drainage Design for Prefabricated Buildings Under the Green Building Concept

With the continuous development of society and the market economy,people are putting forward higher and higher requirements for the construction,technology,and environmental friendliness of buildings.The prefabricated building not only has high installation efficiency,but is also safe and environmentally friendly,which is in line with the green building concept.The drainage design is a critical part of prefabricated buildings.In order to ensure the quality and construction efficiency of the building project,it is necessary to design the building water supply and drainage properly.Therefore,an in-depth investigation on prefabricated buildings was carried out in this paper,and water supply and drainage design for prefabricated buildings under the green building concept is proposed,in hopes of providing references for future water supply and drainage designs.

Orthogonal experiment on reclaimed water treatment and economic optimization model in green building

The efficacy of superior drainage in green building treated by combinational technique of coagulation sedimentation and constructed wetland was launched. The results show that the regression equation relating to effluent BOD5,cubage load (Nv),temperature (t) and addition dosage (ρ) is BOD5=2.05Nv-0.41t-0.82ρ+38.9. The orthogonal experiment results of constructed wetland post-treatment show that the regression equation relating to effluent BOD5,cubage load (NA),and temperature (t) is BOD5=1 190NA-0.32t+12.2. Based on the two orthogonal regression equations,combined of green building municipal gray reclaimed water quantity requirements in different seasons,a technology investment on economic optimization model of combinational technique was established. The results offer technological support for reclaimed water treatment,which regards superior drainage as the source and is purified by combinational technique of coagulation sedimentation and constructed wetland. According to the model,the reasonable scale of reclaimed water treatment systems can be determined,the treatment efficacy can be well predicted,and both the design and operating can be effectively guided.

Thoughts on the Promotion and Application of Green Buildings in the Ecological Environment of Colleges and Universities

With the establishment of environmental protection system,protecting the ecological environment and reducing the use of energy consumption have become the mainstream idea in the development structure of green buildings.In the university construction projects,we must also uphold the principle of improving the ecosystem of colleges and universities,and strengthen the level of energy conservation and consumption reduction,to achieve a win-win situation in ecological civilization and university building management.This paper analyzes the value of green building in the ecological environment of colleges and universities and discusses the specific application and application path,for reference only.

Needs of Green Buildings Innovation and Implementation Flexibility for Prompt Effectiveness in Developing Countries

The construction concept is upgrading every year and major concern is given to the environment and human health.People’s activities for the sophistication has really degraded the component of environment which has impact in global warming,heat island effect and other hazardous effect causing negative impact to human health as well as environment.Now this trend need be changed and any construction work must be in collaboration with environment which is also coined as Green Building concept.In spite of many organizations’s effort this technology is being limited to some developed countries and no major progress is concluded in specially developing countries.Lack of awareness and misconception about the green building is limiting this concept.In order to make the green world very soon the system must be commenced from the government level itself.Government of every country should make grounds rules making basic green building categories and should register those building which have fulfilled the basic categories and certification must be given from government level itself evaluating the categories(Sustainable site development,Water saving,Energy efficiency,Material Selection,Indoor Environmental quality and Design)and innovation.Innovative design and implementation of engineering concept for every category must be given high priority.This paper forwards the concept of green buildings and basic categories which can be followed by government and basic planning design for everyone who can’t afford export which can be amend and implemented as per the context.

VERTICAL TURF FOR GREEN FACADES:A VERTICAL GREENERY MODULAR SYSTEM INTEGRATED TO THE BUILDING ENVELOPE

Research has shown the environmental benefits of green envelopes,as well as performance in terms of energy efficiency.To date,there is no analysis of the economic sustainability of these systems,which has allowed the realization of a few,albeit very well known,examples.The research has identified a green modular system integrated into the building envelope,designed to facilitate installation and maintenance,with competitive performance compared to other existing solutions;a system that wants to improve performance and flexibility of vertical applications,experimented on buildings,on the market,and able to adapt,above all,to the needs of the building process.It is important to distinguish architectural aesthetic requirements from those of the building process;the former aim to have an authentic vertical garden,with different kinds of plants where nature dictates the rules,the latter aims to achieve the economic sustainability of vertical greenery systems.This paper provides an analysis of a technique based on the installation of plant bearing modular panels with turf on substructures also provided with a micro-irrigation system,which allows the construction of a modular coating,characterized by reduced thickness,that can also be integrated with other materials;installation is quick and simple,since the panel comes perfectly planted on site.In addition to that it allows,from a botanical point of view,resorting to types of grass selected with a view to climate,exposure,environmental adaptability,color and shape.A comparative analysis of this green façade is also presented compared to other existing case studies,from a constructive and managerial point of view,highlighting both its economic and architectural advantages.

Architecture Water-saving Design and Building Technique of Sponge Yard

The reclaimed water that we can use in daily life accounts for as much as 35 %,but we do not give it enough concern.The authors focus on the design methods and approaches of green buildings,which refer to water saving and environmental protection.In this paper,the authors illustrate the generating channels of reclaimed water in architecture design:rainwater collection integration design,sewage zero discharge of reclaimed water reused by biological technology,and sponge yard,thereby protecting environment.

和美乡村视角下的苏南农田“GREEN”水环境治理模式应用研究

随着中国宜居宜业和美乡村建设的不断深入,乡村水环境的治理与保护作为乡村生态文明建设的重要组成部分日益受到社会的重视和关注。在以往大规模灰色基础设施建设的背景下,乡村忽略了对于水生态绿色基础设施的构建,生态格局趋于破碎。农田空间作为农业面源污染的重要源头,结合多学科视角探索农田水环境污染治理新模式具有高度的必要性。立足于苏南地区独特的农田水网体系,紧密结合农业空间生产属性,研究现有农田水环境治理理论方法与实际建设,提炼以“源头绿色—过程净化—末端吸收—生态保育—循环回用”的苏南农田“GREEN”水环境治理模式,探索风景园林学科水治理方法在农田沟渠、河道及湿地等乡村空间的运用路径,并以常州市中天黄金大农场总体规划为例进行实践应用。推动风景园林学科于乡村生产空间的应用模式探索,为未来农业面源污染防治提供参考借鉴。

Promoting the Construction of Beautiful and Rich China with the Theory of Soil and Water Ecology

Started from the problems and perplexities of ecological environment in China,the scientific principle and value of the theory of soil and water ecology are discussed. It is thought that the theory of soil and water ecology clarifies the complicated problems of ecological environment. Environmental pollution can be controlled,but it is only a matter of time and cost. Soil and water ecology is the root of ecological environment problems. The clean water and green mountain are destroyed,which cannot be restored. With the theory of soil and water ecology,the idea that clean water and green mountain are golden and silver mountains is read,as well as the way of turning clean water and green mountain into golden and silver mountains and its different impacts on eco-environment. The developed and underdeveloped areas should treat the idea that clean water and green mountain are golden and silver mountains. The application of the theory of soil and water ecology in soil and water conservation broadens the space of soil and water conservation,and it is necessary to establish a national commission for the conservation of soil and water ecology. The theory of soil and water ecology is the golden key to solve the problems of contemporary ecological environment and the theoretical basis for building a beautiful and rich China.

Design of Heat Storage for a Solar Concentrator Driving an Absorption Chiller

The feasibility of employing stand-alone solar energy systems to meet demand-side loads depends strongly on providing appropriate solar energy storage. The present paper presents an efficient and economical, underground, thermal storage design to store hot water at a temperature of around 180?C required for running a double effect absorption chiller to cool a zero-energy-house in a desert environment. The performance of the design is evaluated employing a specially developed efficient mathematical model, for simulating the steady state radiation, convection and conduction processes occurring within the storage unit. The model is presented and analyzed, and employed to investigate the effects of various design parameters on storage efficiency. It is demonstrated that high storage efficiency may be reached, providing that appropriate insulation materials are used. It is also revealed that the soil conductivity has little effect on storage efficiency.

The Application of Computer Simulation Technology in Building Design

From the simulation software selection, meteorological data collection, model, boundary conditions, calculation setting and evaluation indicators, the paper summarize simulation method of wind, light and sound, summarize three kinds of environmental. The paper study on optimization analysis method of green building from four aspects of building orientation, architectural form, architectural layout and indoor environment, and puts forward the optimization scheme of the typical simulation analysis of simple questions; provide guidance for optimizing the design of green building. Finally, ECOTECT can adapt to the current domestic engineering design and consulting on green building simulation and design requirements, and has a broad application prospect.

EVALUATION OF BIM APPLICATION FOR WATER EFFICIENCY ASSESSMENT

Application of Building Information Modelling(BIM)in architecture,engineering,and construction industry is known for its productivity and efficiency.Green BIM is one of the recent applications that aids users in achieving sustainability and/or improved building performance objectives through design and analysis of digital semantic models.The focus is on the application of green BIM for water efficiency(WE)analysis in accordance with the Malaysian Green Building Index(GBI)as a sustainability assessment tool.Revit Green Project Template(RGPT)and Autodesk Green Building Studio(GBS)as two available BIM tools were selected to evaluate and compare the applicability of each method for GBI WE assessment.To resolve the limitations identified from each evaluated method,automated GBI assessment tool(AGBIA)was developed as an alternative.The AGBIA as a supporting tool was established with the use of Dynamo,a visual programming tool to compensate for the limitations faced in the investigated methods.The practicality of each method was explored using a hypothetical model in Revit to automate information correspondent to 10 water efficiency assessment points and generate reports and documents necessary for the GBI design stage certification.The final phase involves verification of results obtained from each method using the conventional GBI WE calculator.AGBIA is suitable for the green BIM users in Malaysia based on the flexibility and automation over defining and assigning green parameters that are in line with the local context,the direct link of green information to the model,as well as the detail of presented data.

A SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS AND VISUALIZATION OF GREEN BUILDING RESEARCH IN AFRICA

Owing to the adverse impact of the architecture,engineering and construction indus-try on the human and natural environment,the adoption of green building(GB)has been on the rise globally.The significant rise in the number of global research output on GB is a pointer to its proliferation.In this paper,a novel scientometric analysis of GB research in Africa is presented.This study aims to analyze and visualize GB research output in Africa from the millennium development goals(MDGs)era up to the present sustainable development goals(SDGs)era.A quantitative method(science mapping)was employed to analyze the 156 bibliometric records gathered from the Scopus database.An analysis of the dataset reveals that significant contribu-tions to GB research in Africa originate from Egypt,South Africa,Nigeria,Algeria,Ghana,Morocco,Kenya,Mauritius,Ethiopia and Cameroon.This research provides stakeholders in the built environment with the requisite knowledge and understand-ing of the trend and state of GB research in Africa,which will help in guiding poli-cymaking,research directions and intervention areas in every sector of the economy.

ACOUSTICAL EVALUATION OF SIX‘GREEN’OFFICE BUILDINGS

To explain the reactions of the building occupants to their acoustical environments,meetings with the designers,walk-through surveys,and detailed acoustical measurements were done.The objective was to determine how design decisions affect office acoustical environments,and how to improve the acoustical design of‘green’office buildings.Design-performance criteria were established.Measurements were made of noise level,reverberation time,speechintelligibility index(SII),and noise isolation.Noise levels were atypically low in unoccupied buildings with no mechanical ventilation,but excessive in areas near external walls next to noisy external noise sources—especially with windows open for ventilation—and in occupied buildings.Reverberation times were excessive in areas with large volumes and insufficient sound absorption.Speech intelligibility was generally adequate,but speech privacy was inadequate in shared and open-office areas,and into private offices with the doors open for ventilation.Improvement of the acoustical design of‘green’buildings must include increasing the external-internal noise isolation and that between workplaces,and the use of adequate sound absorption to control reverberation and noise.

AN ANALYSIS OF VARIATION IN THE ENERGY-RELATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF LEED CERTIFIED BUILDINGS

The US Green Building Council’s(USGBC)LEED guidelines have become the dominant third-party certification program for“green”buildings in the US.Given that buildings use 37%of all energy and 68%of all electricity while contributing substantially to air emission,waste generation,and water consumption issues in the US,one of LEED’s purposes is to address the environmental impacts of energy use in buildings.This research analyzes(1)how well the LEED guidelines measure these impacts and(2)which parameters create the most variation among these impacts.Environmental impacts here refer to emissions of carbon dioxide,nitrogen oxides,sulfur dioxide,mercury,and par-ticulate matter(PM10);solid waste;nuclear waste;and water consumption.Using data from the US Department of Energy,the National Renewable Energy Laboratory,the US EPA Energy Star program,and the USGBC,among others,models using Monte Carlo analysis were created to simulate the range of impacts of LEED-certified buildings.Various metrics and statistics were calculated to highlight the significance of variation in these impacts.Future re-search needs and implications of the results for LEED version 3.0 are also discussed.

基于冗余分析的成都市府河缓冲带土地利用对水质的影响

土地利用是影响河流水环境质量的重要因素之一。然而,大型城市河流缓冲区的土地利用类型及组成对河流水质的影响方式仍不清晰。选取成都市中心城区的府河及其支流作为研究对象,设置17个水质监测断面,于2018年1月—2019年12月对COD_(Mn)、NH_(4)^(+)-N和TP 3个水质指标开展连续监测。同时,还获得了相同时段内的降水数据和基于高分卫星(GF-1)影像解译的土地利用数据。在此基础上,利用空间分析以及冗余分析方法,探讨河岸缓冲区内土地利用结构、组成对府河及支流水质的影响。研究结果表明:选取河段从上游到下游的COD_(Mn)、NH_(4)^(+)-N和TP浓度均呈增加趋势,这3类污染物在上游第一个监测断面浓度依次为1.73、0.26、0.06 mg/L,到下游最后一个监测断面浓度为2.59、0.97、0.15 mg/L。相对于干流,府河支流污染物浓度无明显空间分布特征。从时间上看,6—9月水体中各污染物浓度相对较高。基于冗余分析的结果发现,在河段2 000 m缓冲区范围内的土地利用类型对水质的影响最明显,校正后的解释度达57%,表明河段内污染物质主要源于此区域。该范围内,建设用地与其他生产用地可能是COD_(Mn)与NH_(4)^(+)-N的主要源区,农业用地是TP的主要来源,生态用地对于COD_(Mn)与NH_(4)^(+)-N具有一定的吸收分解作用。但是,研究区生态用地以园林绿化用地为主,需要施用磷肥,可能成为水体TP的重要贡献源。因此,合理规划河流2 000 m缓冲范围内的建设用地与生态用地比例,控制园林绿化用地的施肥用量,是保障成都市城市河流水环境安全的重要途径。

公共建筑绿色照明设计研究——以云南高校为例

为响应绿色低碳发展,建设美丽中国,我国的经济发展逐渐向节能、生态、环保转型,随着科技水平的进步,高层建筑越来越多,建筑照明系统造成的能源浪费问题一直处于非常关键的位置,其中建筑总体碳排放量中照明所产生的能耗占了相当大的比例,在校园建筑中尤为突出。图书馆是除教学楼以外学生自主学习最主要的空间,对光环境照明要求高,但建筑体量大、进深宽,对自然光利用薄弱,过于依赖人工照明进行辅助,是用电量大的场所,所产生的能耗量巨大。基于此,本文主要针对云南高校图书馆的自然采光照明运用计算机模拟技术进行演示分析,充分利用自然光和太阳能发电,改进采光途径和设备,从而达到可持续发展的目的,促使可持续理念在公共建筑的应用中得到更好的发展。

绿色建筑技术在给排水设计中的应用——以某会展建筑为例

绿色建筑是在全社会可持续发展、循环经济和低碳经济的背景下推出的一种新的建设理念,是系统工程,绿色建筑技术的应用是实现此理念的关键。以烟台八角湾国际会展中心为例,对其给排水设计过程中使用的绿色建筑技术展开细化分析,提出了适宜的绿色建筑应用技术措施,可为会展建筑给排水设计中绿色建筑技术的应用提供一定参考。

建筑电气智能化设计对智能建筑发展的影响研究

文章深入探讨了建筑电气智能化设计对智能建筑发展的多维影响。在当前节能减排、绿色环保的大趋势下,建筑电气智能化设计通过集成先进的信息技术和自动化技术,为绿色建筑、海绵城市和综合管廊等新型城市建设模式提供了有力支持。本研究梳理了建筑电气智能化设计的基本框架,进而详细分析了其在绿色建筑中的应用,包括节能减排、提高环保性和促进可持续发展等方面。同时,电气智能化设计在海绵城市建设中通过优化水资源管理,提升了城市的生态韧性。在综合管廊领域,电气智能化设计则通过智能化监控和管理,显著提高了管廊的运行效率和安全性。

Landscape design method for a green community based on green building design theory

Landscape design for a green community should be favorable for the ambient ecological environment and for enhancement of both the local climate of a residential area and the environmental quality of life. This paper presents optimization methods for plant landscape design that take account of results of comparisons of noise reduction effects, heat island temperature decreases and effects on ventilation. These methods are based on different plant configurations and various luminous environments, such as exterior sunshine and shaded areas after the simulation of exterior luminous, acoustic and thermal environments of a residential area using the analytic software ECOTECT, CADNA/A, and PHEONICS. Three different types of residential buildings are simulated including a faculty apartment in the Xixi Campus of Zhejiang University, the Huaqing Villa and the Gangwan Jiayuan faculty apartment of Zhejiang University, China, based on green building design theory. In addition, the methods and process flow of landscape design of green residential areas are also described for the improvement of the exterior physical living environment.

基于绿色建筑技术的传统村落风热环境改造研究——以赣南卢屋村选区为例

人体舒适度受住区内风热环境的影响较大,如何将绿色建筑技术与乡村振兴环境建设相结合来改善传统村落的风热环境成为当下热点问题。本课题以赣南传统村落卢屋村为研究对象,采用Thsware绿色技术软件,对研究区域住区热环境、室内外风环境以及室内热舒适三个要素进行模拟分析,总结现状问题。同时以宜居、绿色为出发点,从村落下垫面设计、建筑围护结构以及基于Grasshopper的参数化策略理论方面入手,改善选区内室外环境和室内热舒适,为赣南传统村落风热环境的优化设计提出改造策略,为其他传统村落的风热环境质量建设提供参考。