Environmental issues and countermeasures in exploiting water resources of rivers

Based on affirming the tremendous benefits that water resources of rivers can provide in their exploitation, main environmental problems and their countermeasures have been proposed and analyzed in this paper. It is argued that multiple measures should be applied to solving those problems by simultaneously carrying out engineering measures, scientific research and also programs to cultivate the society’s awareness, aimed at a sustainable development strategy for exploiting water resources.

Study on Regulating Effects of "Aquatic Environment Protection Oriented Fishery" on Water Environment of Qiaodun Reservoir

In order to evaluate the regulating effect of ＂ aquatic environment protection oriented fishery＂ on aquatic ecosystem,the water quality,plankton community structure,biomass,diversity index,eutrophication index and ecosystem maturity evaluated with Ecopath model were compared from 2010 to 2012 in Qiaodun Reservoir of Zhejiang Province. It was indicated that the water quality had been improved obviously. The water transparency maximally increased by 130%,while TP,TN and CODCrwere reduced. The density and biomass of the plankton were decreased,so was the ratio of Cynobacteria in phytoplankton community. The Shannon-Weaver index was increased; the trophic level was decreased; the ecosystem maturity was improved. By all accounts,the ＂ aquatic environment protection oriented fishery＂ had positive effects on maintaining the balance of reservoir ecosystem and ensuring the safety of drinking water.

AquaticTox:A Web-Based Tool for Aquatic Toxicity Evaluation Based on Ensemble Learning to Facilitate the Screening of Green Chemicals

The widespread use of chemical products inevitably brings many side effects as environmental pollutants.Toxicological assessment of compounds to aquatic life plays an important role in protecting the environment from their hazards.However,in vivo animal testing approaches for aquatic toxicity evaluation are timeconsuming,expensive,and ethically limited,especially when there are a great number of compounds.In silico modeling methods can effectively improve the toxicity evaluation efficiency and save costs.Here,we present a web-based server,AquaticTox,which incorporates a series of ensemble models to predict acute toxicity of organic compounds in aquatic organisms,covering Oncorhynchus mykiss,Pimephales promelas,Daphnia magna,Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata,and Tetrahymena pyriformis.The predictive models are built through ensemble learning algorithms based on six base learners.These ensemble models outperform all corresponding single models,achieving area under the curve(AUC)scores of 0.75−0.92.Compared to the best single models,the average precisions of the ensemble models have been increased by 12−22%.Additionally,a self-built knowledge base of the structure-aquatic toxic mode of action(MOA)relationship was integrated into AquaticTox for toxicity mechanism analysis.Hopefully,the user-friendly tool(https://chemyang.ccnu.edu.cn/ccb/server/AquaticTox);could facilitate the identification of aquatic toxic chemicals and the design of green molecules.